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In 2011, artist Grimanesa Amorós stepped off a boat made of totora reeds (芦苇) onto an island—also made of totora reeds — in the northwest portion of Lake Titicaca. It’s home to one of the world’s most innovative achievement of human engineering: the Uros Islands.

The man-made floating islands, which are home to the native Uros people, are created by putting layers upon layers of totora roots and reeds. This water-resistant plant grows in the lake and is the lifeblood of the Uros community. It is used to make boats, houses, roofs, mattresses (床垫) and more. The plant is also eaten and serves as medicine, and its flowers are used to make tea.

However, the Uros weren’t always dependent on the totora. More than 500 years ago, the growing Inca Empire began to invade the Uros’ mainland villages. To beat this threat, the Uros began to build the islands, which could be launched deep into Lake Titicaca, away from danger. Hundreds of years later, there are now about 120 of these constructed islands, with around 1,300 people living on them.

To build the islands, the Uros first gather large blocks of totora roots. Multiple blocks are pulled together, and the roots and reeds mix naturally to form a layer about 1 to 2m thick. The totora reed is laid on top of this floating base. The Uros use a long tool to reach deep down into the water and cut the plant above the base. Then, the reeds are dried in the sun for one to four weeks and bundled (捆绑) together using a rope. Once dried, totora reeds are placed in alternating directions on top of the root blocks and become the ground that the Uros walk and build their homes on.

Today, urban influences are evident on the islands: Solar panels power bedroom lights and small TVs; a radio station operates on the main island. It’s evident that these modern changes and tourism have changed the Uros’ life on the lake. One thing remains certain, though. As long as there is totora growing at Lake Titicaca, the islands’ rooted foundation will stay the same.

【小题1】Which word can best describe the role totora reeds play in the Uro’s life?
A.Essential.B.Symbolic.C.Protective.D.Sustainable.
【小题2】What was the original purpose of building the floating island?
A.To develop tourism.B.To maintain their lifestyle.
C.To escape from enemies’ attack.D.To be separated from the world.
【小题3】What does the fourth paragraph mainly focus on?
A.The key to selecting building materials.B.The procedure of building the islands.
C.The difficulty of living on the island.D.The method of spotting reeds.
【小题4】What might be the best title for the text?
A.Fancy Lifestyles of the UrosB.Innovative Building Materials
C.Floating Homes on Lake TiticacaD.A Must-see Tourist Attraction of Lake Titicaca
2024·新疆·一模
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Wembley Stadium is located in Wembley Park in London, England. The England national football team play most of their home matches there. The stadium is also used for other sporting events. It is the second largest stadium in Europe (after Camp Nou) and one of the largest and the tallest in the world, with every seat under a roof. It was very expensive to build.

【小题1】What is the theme of the museum in Camp Nou?
A.Film.B.Music.
C.History.D.Football.
【小题2】Which stadium has been changed for winter sports recently?
A.Camp Nou.B.Beijing National Stadium
C.Maracana Stadium.D.Wembley Stadium.
【小题3】What was Maracana Stadium opened for in 1950?
A.The Olympics.B.Major concerts.
C.Multi-media displays.D.The FIFA World Cup.
【小题4】From the passage, we can know that Wembley Stadium is___________.
A.in South America
B.the largest stadium in Europe
C.used for different sporting events
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The city of Heracleion was buried underwater 1500 years ago. This grand city had been mentioned by the Greek writer Herodotus, the 5th-century BC historian. He had told a wonderful tale of Helen of Troy, who traveled to Heracleion, then a port of great wealth, with her Trojan lover, Paris.

When French underwater researcher Franck Goddio happened to discover some cultural treasures, it led them to one of the greatest finds of the 21st century, a city underwater. The discovery took place when Goddio had been in search of Napoleon’s warships from the 1798 Battle of the Nile, when he had been defeated by Nelson in these very waters, but to his surprise, he made this important discovery.

The discoveries include the huge statues of the Egyptian goddess Isis, the god Hapi, and an unidentified Egyptian pharaoh(法老), all preserved in excellent condition by their muddy burial coverings. Hapi, the god of the flooding of the Nile especially stands out for its size. Along with these 16-foot statues there are hundreds of smaller statues of Egyptian gods, among which are the figures that guarded the temple where Cleopatra took office as Queen of the Nile. Dozens of sarcophagi(石棺)have also been found, containing the bodies of mummified animals sacrificed to Amun-Gereb, the super god of the Egyptians.

Evidence shows that Heracleion slipped into the water sometime in the 6th or 7th century AD. The discovery of Heracleion will now add depth and detail to our knowledge of the ancient world, because among the discoveries, there are perfectly preserved stones carved in both ancient Greek and ancient Egyptian.

【小题1】Why does the author cite(引用)the description of the Greek writer Herodotus?
A.To tell a wonderful love story.B.To have respect for the writer.
C.To draw readers’ interest in history.D.To show the glory days of Heracleion.
【小题2】What can we learn about the city of Heracleion?
A.It was discovered unexpectedly.B.Napoleon defeated Nelson there.
C.Napoleon’s warships were found there.D.It was once occupied by Napoleon.
【小题3】Which is the biggest statue found underwater?
A.The god Hapi.B.The goddess Isis.
C.The queen Cleopatra.D.The Egyptian pharaoh.
【小题4】What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph?
A.The artistic style of the statues.B.The time when the city was built.
C.The significance of the discovery.D.The language used in ancient Egypt.

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Kanazawa Umimirai Library

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Library of Congress

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State Library of Victoria

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【小题1】Which library has the longest history?
A.Stuttgart City Library.B.Kanazawa Umimirai Library.
C.Library of Congress.D.State Library of Victoria.
【小题2】What’s special about Stale Library of Victoria?
A.It has great architecture.
B.It has a folk hero’s statue in it.
C.It is the world’s largest exhibiting library.
D.It serves as a meeting place for the citizens.
【小题3】What does the first two libraries have in common?
A.They are constructed in the modern style.
B.They cost a large amount of money.
C.They are designed by Korean architects.
D.They feature providing readers with natural light.

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