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Henry Kissinger, one of the country’s most important foreign policy thinkers for more than half a century, enjoyed a worldwide reputation.

As a secretary of state and national security adviser to Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford, Henry Kissinger played the major behind-the-scenes role in building the architecture that enabled more manageable relations with the Soviet Union, China, and major Arab nations. At the same time, he was closely associated with some of the most disputed U. S. foreign policy moves in recent decades, by promoting intensive bombing campaigns in Southeast Asia and repeatedly turning a blind eye to human rights abuses by governments perceived to be supportive of U. S. interests.

In America, the young Kissinger worked in a factory during the day and went to school at night, until he was drafted into the U. S. Army. After getting out of the army, he attended Harvard, where his 300-page undergraduate thesis titled “The Meaning of History” brought him to the attention of Richard Nixon. Over the next few years, he directed one of the boldest periods of diplomacy in U. S. history to strengthen its negotiating position. In 1971, Kissinger arranged Nixon’s historic visit to China.

Though he never worked directly under a U. S. president again after Ford left office, Kissinger’s influence was long-lasting. U. S. superpower relations to this day still bear his imprint, and he remained a sought-after voice on international affairs to the end of his life.

“There were other great secretaries of state and a long list of impressive historians, but no one who combined the two pursuits as Kissinger did,” said Richard Haass, president emeritus (荣誉退休的) of the Council on Foreign Relations.

“I remember walking down the street in Manhattan with him, and he would attract a crowd like a movie star, a rock star,” recalled David Rothkopf, who worked for a time as a managing director at Kissinger’s consulting firm. “Everybody, regardless of what they thought of Henry, wanted to see Henry, wanted to be with Henry.

【小题1】According to the 2nd paragraph, which word can best describe Kissinger?
A.Brave.B.Aggressive.C.Controversial.D.Devoted.
【小题2】What is TRUE about Kissinger according to the passage?
A.He shared a strong friendship with Richard Nixon.
B.He demonstrated diligence in his early work and education.
C.His thesis earned him a position at Harvard.
D.He is the boldest negotiator in U. S. history.
【小题3】What is mentioned as Kissinger’s major achievement?
A.His promotion of human rights in Southeast Asia.
B.His academic thesis as a historian.
C.His everlasting legacy on international affairs.
D.His faithful service to President Ford.
【小题4】Which section of a newspaper is the passage possibly taken from?
A.The World Ahead.B.Profile.
C.The Economist Explains.D.The World in Brief.
23-24高三下·湖南·阶段练习
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On Monday, I stopped my car in front of my daughter Juliet’s middle school. She jumped in the front seat, feeling down. She asked me to help her study for her science test.

“Dad, I need to memorize a unit about the Reproductive Cycle of Plants. And I can hardly make it.”

“You know memorizing seems like the best way to study, but in fact you can do better in tests if you work on trying to understand the material.”

Juliet was open to my advice. It was Monday afternoon and we had two nights to study before the test on Wednesday. I suggested a plan. “Tomorrow night, you are going to teach the material to me. Tonight, read the unit. Prepare to teach.”

Asking her to teach me was an unusual idea but I was determined to do it. Studies show teaching somebody else is a very useful way to learn. Even if you don’t do the teaching, the act of preparing to teach leads to more learning than just trying your best to memorize the material.

On Tuesday afternoon, Juliet sat down with her science book facing me and said, “Okay Dad, let’s study.” I wanted her to teach me. But false starts happened. I couldn’t be too hard on her. So instead we started with me asking her some simple questions. She knew some but not others. When she didn’t know the answers, I encouraged her to check the book.

She started checking things that didn’t make sense. And she was actively seeking to test her understanding. I was happy to see it. She wasn’t memorizing; she was trying to make sense of things, which was exactly what I had hoped she would do.

【小题1】Why did Juliet feel down?
A.Because she failed her science test.
B.Because she couldn’t follow her teacher.
C.Because she knew nothing about planting.
D.Because she had trouble memorizing a unit.
【小题2】In the writer’s opinion, which was the key to best learning?
A.Memorizing.B.Understanding.C.Questioning.D.Testing.
【小题3】What does Juliet think of the writer’s suggestion?
A.Useless.B.Unique.C.Helpful.D.Unpractical.
【小题4】Which can be the best title for the passage?
A.Learning from TeachingB.An Unexpected Test
C.A Creative FatherD.Preparing for Teaching

When I think of the word “perfect”, I think of something only a few can achieve, like high beauty standards (标准), the super smart girl in my class, or anything that I can compare myself to.

For a few weeks now, I have been noticing this one girl. She has wonderful long dark brown hair, big blue eyes, and the most beautiful face. She always wears the prettiest clothes and seems to be the most popular girl in school, at least from my point of view. It seems like she has a perfect life, lost of friends, all A’s, and everything anyone could ever want.

One day, I was in language arts talking to my teacher about one of the upcoming tests, when I saw the girl staring at me in a strange way. I immediately started to be anxious and think, “Why is she looking at me? Did I do something wrong? Is my hair messed up?”

When the class was over and everyone was rushing to their next class, she caught up with and said, “I think you are really pretty.” I replied, “Oh my god, thank you!” I then watched her as she walked away and thought, “She thinks I am pretty?”

The whole day, I ended up thinking about one thing. That was, “Why does she think that?” After thinking about that topic in my head through each second of the day, I came to learn one big lesson: Everyone has their own insecurities (不安全感) even though it may not seem like in on the outside. In this case, I was thinking that she was everything I wanted to be and she thought the same of me.

We are just us and that’s OK. When I really look at myself, not from my point of view but a fresh one’s, I do see everything I want to be. I see a beautiful, smart, kind girl who is unique.

【小题1】How did the author feel when the other girl fixed her eyes on her?
A.Calm.B.Proud.C.Nervous.D.Comfortable.
【小题2】What do we know about the author and the other girl?
A.They were perfect girls.B.They admired each other.
C.They were concerned about their safety.D.They were proud of themselves.
【小题3】What did the author get from the other girl’s words in the end?
A.Bravery.B.Honesty.C.Selflessness.D.Confidence.
【小题4】What is the main idea of the text?
A.How I’ve learned I’m perfect.B.When I met the perfect girl.
C.What kind of person I should be.D.Who taught me what is really perfect.

Margaret is like any other teenage girl today: she talks on the phone and deals with the stress of schoolwork. Unlike many of her peers, however, Margaret takes medication as part of her morning routine. She has spina bifida(脊柱裂伤), a condition in which one or more of her vertebrae did not form properly. Throughout all of these suffer, she has kept her outgoing personality and positive view of life.

The 14-year-old attends high school and is not in any special classes. She is allowed extra time to get to class when she needs it. She says, “I get laughed at a lot, but I do have a small group of friends who are great about everything.” Margaret has had the support of her parents as well, “I think that, growing up with a disability, the best thing that I have had is supportive parents; without them I don’t know where I would be.”

After school on most days, Margaret works at Able-Disabled Advocacy (A-DA), an organization that helps the disabled, alongside her mother, Cindy. On other days she plays wheelchair basketball and tennis, even though she is not wheelchair-bound herself. Her evenings are spent at A-DA and doing schoolwork. Margaret also volunteers in an inclusion program at a Jewish community center, helping other kids with disabilities.

Margaret feels that, far from having limited her, her disability has allowed her to do things she might not have been able to do otherwise. She says that she would not have been involved in sports at all if it was not for wheelchair sports, and she would not have some of her current friendships. Rock climbing, cycling, and downhill racing are some of the other activities she is able to participate in. Thinking about the future, Margaret says, “I want to be a doctor of some kind, though I’m not sure what kind yet.”

【小题1】What can we learn about Margaret from paragraph 2?
A.She was grateful to her parents.B.She was placed to a special class.
C.She felt embarrassed to get to class.D.She didn’t have friends in her class.
【小题2】What did Margaret think of her disability from the last paragraph?
A.It prevents her from doing sports.B.It has limited her life in many ways.
C.It allows her to try new things.D.It helps her think about future careers.
【小题3】Which of the following can best describe Margaret?
A.Optimistic and creative.B.Positive and sympathetic.
C.Energetic and imaginative.D.Humorous and easy-going.
【小题4】What does Margaret’s story mainly tell us?
A.Nobody is good in everything.
B.The only way to have a friend is to be one.
C.Parents and children are forever linked together.
D.No obstacle is too hard for a fighter to overcome.

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