“You’re wrong about everything, Mom. I hate you. And I don’t like your hair either!” screamed my five-year-old child Amy while trying her best to hit me in the leg. Her screaming, which lasted an hour, was sparked when I asked her to put on her shoes so we could leave for the store. Luckily, this time, no one was hurt.

We call these behaviors (screaming, kicking, throwing things) hurricanes. She’ll grab me, trying to beat me and I’ll attempt to prevent her from hurting either of us. While she’s usually better-behaved in public, I’ve left the grocery store dragging my screaming daughter more times than I’d like to admit. At any given moment, my sweet child can change into something unrecognizable.

Like other parents of defiant (叛逆的) children, I was at a complete loss. It can be hard to know what’s causing our kids to act out, what steps are needed to stop the disruptive behavior and when to seek help. Nothing prepared me for parenting a defiant child, but, as I found out, the news isn’t all bad: There are solutions for families who have defiant children.

My daughter had been a pleasant, easy baby. Suddenly all that changed when she turned three. She destroyed books and wrote on walls (sometimes right in front of me), and when I tried to stop her, it would bring on another hurricane. I could use rewards, threaten consequences and take away prized toys and she still would refuse to do what I was asking. Occasionally, she’d comply (顺从) — it was so unpredictable.

Defiance is a spectrum. There are strong-willed kids who were just born that way, others who may be reacting to a short-term traumatic (创伤的) event, and kids who might be formally diagnosed as having a more extreme condition called ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder). According to a report, between one and 16 percent of children and adolescents have ODD. Boys with ODD are more likely to argue with adults and lose their tempers, while girls tend to lie and be uncooperative.

【小题1】How does the author start the text?

A．By using quotations.	B．By stating a phenomenon.
C．By illustrating her life of a normal day.	D．By describing her daughter’s behaviors.

【小题2】What can we know from the first two paragraphs?

A．Amy wanted her mother to buy her a toy.

B．Amy intended to hurt her mother heavily.

C．Amy wanted to go to the store with her mother.

D．Amy was annoyed and dragged her mother out of the store.

【小题3】What made the author at a complete loss?

A．Not knowing how to parent her defiant child.

B．Being puzzled at where to seek help and how to.

C．Her daughter’s being different from other children.

D．The real cause of her daughter’s disruptive behaviours.

【小题4】How would the author react when Amy refused to do what she was asked?

A．She beat Amy.	B．She let Amy alone.
C．She punished Amy.	D．She pointed out Amy’s mistake.