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A new study suggests water may have existed on Mars much more recently than past evidence (证据) has shown. The research is based on data collected by the Chinese rover, Zhurong, which arrived on the planet in 2021.

Today, Mars has a cold, desert climate. But past studies have provided evidence that ancient Mars had large amounts of water. A study suggested that 4.3 billion years ago, Mars likely had an ocean covering nearly half of the planet’s northern hemisphere.

There are different theories for what caused large amounts of water to disappear from Mars. The most likely explanation is that the liquid escaped when the planet’s air thinned over time. This turned the surface into a frozen desert about 3 billion years ago.

In the new study, the Chinese rover observed salt-rich sand dunes (沙丘) on the surface. The dunes contained breaks and small hills, which provide evidence that the land had frozen and then melted (融化). The melting could have happened as recently as a few hundred thousand years ago, the study said. The researchers believed the dunes were likely formed sometime after 1.4 million to 400,000 years ago, possibly even more recently. Conditions during that period were likely similar to how things are on Mars today.

The researchers said small openings filled with salty water were created by melting frost or snow. The team ruled out wind as a cause, as well as frost made of carbon dioxide, which makes up most of the Martian atmosphere.

“The rover has now provided evidence that there may be a wider distribution of this process on Mars than previously identified,” said Mary Bourke. She added that although the evidence suggests small amounts of water, it could still be important in identifying environments that could support life.

【小题1】What can we infer about the lost water on Mars from paragraph 3?
A.It disappeared into space.B.It is blown away gradually.
C.It still remains underground.D.It is buried in a frozen desert.
【小题2】What evidence of surface water was found by Chinese researchers?
A.Melted frost and snow.B.Thin air on Mars.
C.Some sand dunes being rich in salt.D.The frost made from carbon dioxide.
【小题3】How does Mary think the new finding helps scientists with the research on Mars?
A.To measure the role of wind.B.To find areas suitable for life.
C.To study the frozen and melted areas.D.To figure out the history of dunes.
【小题4】What can be the best title for the text?
A.Chinese rover finds water on MarsB.There used to be rich water on Mars
C.Water is actually more widespread on MarsD.Chinese rover makes a new discovery on Mars
23-24高一上·山东日照·期中
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