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We were five minutes into a severe winter storm — approaching Boston’s Logan International Airport when I turned to the woman next to me and said, “Hey, would you mind chatting with me for a few minutes?” My seatmate seemed friendly and I suddenly felt desperate for a human connection.

“Sure. My name is Sue,” the woman replied, smiling warmly. “What brings you to Boston?” I started to explain that I was on a business trip. Then the plane trembled violently, and I blurted out, “I might need to hold your hand too.” Sue took my hand in both of hers, patted it, and held on tight.

Sometimes a stranger can significantly improve our day. A pleasant meeting with someone we don’t know, even an unspoken exchange, can calm us when no one else is around. It may get us out of our own heads — a proven mood lifter — and help broaden our vision. Sandstrom, a psychologist and senior lecturer at the University of Essex, has found that people’s moods improve after they have a conversation with a stranger. And yet most of us resist talking to people we don’t know or barely know. We worry about how to start, maintain, or stop it. We think we will keep talking and disclose too much, or not talk enough. We are afraid we will bore the other person. We’re typically wrong.

In a study in which Sandstrom asked participants to talk to at least one stranger a day for five days, 99 percent said they had found at least one of the exchanges pleasantly surprising, 82 percent said they’d learned something from one of the strangers, 43 percent had exchanged contact information, and 40 percent had communicated with one of the strangers again.

You don’t even have to talk to complete strangers to obtain the benefit. Multiple studies show that people who interact regularly with passing acquaintances or who engage with others through community groups, religious gatherings, or volunteer opportunities have better emotional and physical health and live longer than those who do not. One person took up the cell phone after chatting with a woman on the subway who was carrying one. Another recalled how the smile of a fruit salesman from whom he regularly bought bananas made him feel less lonely after he’d first arrived in a new city.

When Sue took my hand on that scary flight to Boston, I almost wept with relief. “Hey, this is a little bumpy, but we will be on the ground safely soon,” she told me. She looked so encouraging, and confident. I asked her what she did for a living. “I’m a retired physical education teacher, and I coached women’s volleyball,” she said. Immediately, I could see what an awesome coach she must have been.

When we said goodbye, I gave Sue a big hug and my card. A few days later, I received an e-mail with the subject line “Broken hand on Jet Blue.” “I have to admit that I was just as scared as you were but did not say it,” Sue wrote. “I just squeezed your hand as hard as I could. Thank you for helping me through this very scary situation.” She added that when she’d told her friends about our conversation, they teased her because they know she loves to talk. I told my friends about Sue too. I explained how kind she was to me, and what I learned: It’s OK to ask for help from a stranger if you need it. Now if I mention to my friends that I am stressed or worried, they respond, “Just think of Sue!”

【小题1】The writer struck up a conversation with her seatmate because ________.
A.they were heading for the same city on business
B.she was in urgent need of emotional comfort
C.the plane’s abrupt movement was unbearable
D.the woman was friendlier than other passengers
【小题2】What benefit does a pleasant exchange with strangers bring us?
A.It lights up our otherwise unsuccessful life.
B.It saves us the trouble of talking too much.
C.It lifts our spirits up and expands our mental horizons.
D.It guarantees us a lasting feeling of happiness.
【小题3】Why does the writer mention the study conducted by Sandstrom?
A.To present the benefits of interacting with acquaintances.
B.To show it lifts mood to make and meet with new friends.
C.To introduce some ways to associate with unknown people.
D.To relieve the anxiety about communicating with strangers.
【小题4】What does the underlined sentence imply?
A.The writer was impressed with Sue’s ability to inspire others.
B.The writer herself could have been a volleyball placer.
C.Sue possessed obvious characters of a qualified PE teacher.
D.Sue became the coach of the writer as a consequence.
【小题5】How did the writer probably feel while reading Sue’s e-mail?
A.Regretful.B.Surprised.C.Disappointed.D.Satisfied.
【小题6】What might be a suitable title for the passage?
A.The flying experience with strangers
B.The interesting small talk with strangers
C.The surprising boost you get from strangers
D.The expected friendship you established through chatting
23-24高三上·天津·期末
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You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place.“They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering.“They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around.Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing(内化)your victimization.The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.

Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently.They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they don't let this get in the way.They know they have their weaknesses, yet they don't blame themselves when they fail.Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter.They believe their dance with each sacred(神圣的)moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.

Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart.Victims relish(沉溺)in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause others--and even themselves---to feel like victims, too.Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but al1around them.Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.

In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives.One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime.Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.

In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.

【小题1】What does the word “they” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?
A.People and things around you.B.Opportunities and problems.
C.Creators and their choices.D.Victims and their sufferings.
【小题2】According to Paragraph 2, creators__________.
A.seem willing to experience failures in lifeB.possess the ability to predict future life
C.handle ups and downs of life wiselyD.have potential to create something new
【小题3】What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A.To define victims and creators.
B.To evaluate victims against creators.
C.To explain the relationship between victims and creators.
D.To suggest the transformation from victims to creators.
【小题4】The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that_________.
A.strong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into victims.
B.people need family support to deal with challengers in life.
C.it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains.
D.one's experiences determine his attitude toward life.

The first patient who died on my watch was an older man with a faulty heart — the main pump had failed and his heart was beating irregularly and far too fast. We tried to slow it down with treatment, but it suddenly stopped beating completely. Later, whenever I would have a case like that one, I found myself second-guessing my clinical management. However, it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.

In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have an adverse outcome, they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.

Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, the fallout from second-guessing looms especially large for us. A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed warfarin, the physician was about 20% less likely to prescribe subsequent patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes. However, if a patient had a stroke and was not on warfarin, physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other patients.

These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors. In the blood-thinner study, doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm (prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting a patient) and less affected by letting harm happen (not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke). Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a bleed.

But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine. “Overreaction to Fearsome Risks” holds true for broader society.

For instance, sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in 2001 caused a panic and led the state to prohibit shark feeding expeditions. Yet shark attacks had actually fallen that year and, according to the study, such a change was probably unnecessary given the extremely small risk of such an attack happening.

Humans are susceptible to emotional and often irrational thinking when processing information, adverse events and mistakes. As much as we don’t want to cause an unfortunate event to recur — in a medical setting or in the wider world — we need to be aware that a worst case scenario doesn’t necessarily mean we did anything wrong. When we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may inadvertently overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion.

I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first patient, who died more than a year ago. Instead of second guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct and stayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should trust your instinct in your life, too.

【小题1】The first two paragraphs suggest that ______
A.Bad medical outcomes affect doctors.
B.Delivering babies can be difficult work.
C.Some doctors are not very experienced.
D.Doctors sometimes make silly mistakes.
【小题2】In the blood-thinner study, doctors ______.
A.tend to prescribe less effective medicine
B.are more concerned about the patients’ safety
C.believe a stroke is more treatable than a bleeding
D.become less confident in writing certain prescriptions
【小题3】The author develops his idea mainly by ______.
A.giving examplesB.making comparisons
C.using metaphorsD.quoting famous sayings
【小题4】The author will probably agree that ______.
A.we shouldn’t doubt our own decisions
B.our experience will pave way for our future
C.humans are emotional and irrational on the whole
D.instincts don’t necessarily lead to wrong directions

My family lives in Texas. I was born and brought up in Texas and I am a graduate of the University of Texas. However, around my second year in law school, I wanted to make a great change, which was almost unheard of for Texans: I wanted to leave!

I realized this after completing my first-year internship(实习期).I knew I wanted something different and my chance came during the 2011 Super Bowl in Dallas. A snowstorm blanketed the entire city in snow and thousands of people were gathered. I overheard that StubHub, a big company from a great city, San Francisco, was throwing a party next door to my hotel. I thought if   I could get an internship, I could leave for the summer and at least see what it was like. Yes, it was a huge leap. I told myself I was ready.

There was just one problem: I wasn't invited to the StubHub party. But you know I'm the type of person who goes for something she wants. Needless to say, I crashed the party and found my way to the president. I kindly introduced myself and then asked if they had a legal internship program. Guess what? They accepted my request to be a legal intern, even though no such program existed.

Although the legal department didn't have a permanent position for me, the experience has shaped my life. Working for a great company in San Francisco, I'm incredibly happy for making my decision to leave Texas.

By leaving Texas, I learned that it is so much more rewarding to try the unfamiliar than to stay in the comfortable. Exploring the unfamiliar is how you'll understand what fits your life. I say, dive in head first.

【小题1】What happened to the author in Dallas in 2011 ?
A.She was accepted as a legal intern.B.She played in the Super Bowl.
C.She escaped from San Francisco.D.She met up with her family.
【小题2】The author was able to leave Texas because_____.
A.she introduced herself to the president of StubHub
B.she watched the 2011 Super Bowl in Dallas
C.she dropped out of the University of Texas
D.a snowstorm blanketed the entire city in snow
【小题3】Which is the biggest lesson that the author learned from the experience?
A.You must choose a career that you like.
B.Jumping out of your comfort zone is rewarding.
C.Accepting who you are makes you realize your strengths.
D.You should listen to your family to learn about your potential.
【小题4】Which of the following words best describe the author?
A.Patient and modest.B.Supportive and energetic.
C.Intelligent and humorous.D.Determined and positive.

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