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People around the world take celebrating seriously, and many of them are willing to go to great effort and expense to plan and participate in public celebrations.

Exactly when and where human beings began coming together in public to celebrate as a group can date back to hunter-gatherer societies, when success in the never-ending search for food, clothing, and shelter must have aroused the need to celebrate together.

Besides the need for food and survival, there are records of religious parades dating back to 3000 B.C. Parades were also used to demonstrate military power and celebrate military victories; to attract customers to events such as the circus by giving the public a sample of the entertainment; or to celebrate ethnic (民族的) connection and holidays. The New York Times of October 28, 1917, summed it up by saying, “If you take the parades out of history, you have precious little history left.

Of course, many modern celebrations are not connected to any religion. In the Internet era, electronic communication makes it possible to organize celebrations almost instantly. “Flash mobs” are a new way of gathering and celebrating. Secretly planned online, they bring together tens, hundreds, or thousands of individuals to perform some unusual or funny act in a public place. Flash mobs not only reflect the increased speed of communication but also a lighter attitude to celebration. No longer is public celebrating something necessarily linked to human survival, religion, or deep traditions.

This does not mean, however, that modern celebrations are not socially conscious. One striking image inspiring community spirit is Edwards’ photograph of crowds in Australia, who were gathering in the rain for a music festival to raise funds for wildfire relief. Throughout history, across countries and cultures, celebrations are always worth significant amount of time and money spent planning, preparing, organizing, and carrying out an event. The priority given to celebrating seems to put it alongside food, shelter, love, and freedom as a basic need of humanity.

【小题1】According to the passage, which one of the following events can make celebrations happen?
A.A business has made a huge profit.B.It has been sunny for a week.
C.Farmers harvest in the autumn.D.A new museum opens in the city center.
【小题2】What does the underlined sentence (paragraph 3) imply?
A.If there is no parade, human history will be more precious.
B.Students should be taught the importance of parades in history class.
C.Only parades can be recorded in history books.
D.Many significant historic moments featured a parade.
【小题3】Which of the following best describes a flash mob?
A.Four strangers meet at a concert and then decide to perform together in a public square.
B.Someone announces openly a series of performances to take place at school.
C.An online group plans and performs a dance in a crowded train station.
D.The number of people watching a street performer grows to several hundred.
【小题4】Which of these is the best title for the passage?
A.Why We Celebrate?B.Celebration and Social Responsibility
C.Planning a ParadeD.The Origin of Celebration
23-24高一上·上海嘉定·期末
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Christmas Activities for Adults

【小题1】 So what should we do when we have all the time for ourselves without having to worry about work? You have to have fun! For starters, here are some fun Christmas activities that you are absolutely going to love.

·Organise a Charity Show

Christmas is about spreading joy and love, and it’s also about giving. We give our family presents on this day to show them happiness and love, don’t we? But have you ever wondered how the poor celebrate their Christmas? Does Santa leave gifts for them too? 【小题2】 Use all the activities to buy gifts and/or necessities for those less privileged(幸运的).

·Visit Orphanages(孤儿院)and Old Age Homes

Christmas is an occasion for the entire family to come together and celebrate. More than the celebration, we look forward to being near our close ones. 【小题3】 Form a group and spend an entire day with children at orphanages or seniors at old age homes. Play games, interact and give away goodies, especially to the children.

·Start a Donation Drive

If you have the time, organise a donation drive in your locality. A lot of people will want to donate clothes , accessories (衣服的配饰)and other necessary items. 【小题4】

【小题5】 Plan these activities in time and have fun with your family and friends. Merry Christmas and may God bless you!

A.Shopping is an entirely different experience during Christmas.
B.With Christmas just around the corner, it is time for us to plan our holidays.
C.Along with gifts, if you donate these to people as well, it will really make a difference.
D.Now that you know these activities, you can select a few of them to keep yourself busy.
E.As for charity, you can arrange for a show in your circle of friends or in your neighbourhood.
F.Gifting something to your family members, friends and colleagues is important during Christmas.
G.The same joy can be shared with people who don’t have the company of their family on this happy occasion.

Traditional festivals have made a comeback. Spring Festival celebrations have just ended, Qingming (Tomb Sweeping) Festival is on the way (April 5), followed by Duanwu (Dragon Boat) Festival (June 14) Later, there will be the Mid-Autumn (Moon) Festival (Sept.22) and Chongyang Festival (Senior's Festival) (Oct, 16).China currently has about 10,000 traditional festivals among is 56 ethnic groups.

Nobody really questioned whether we needed more holidays until 2004 when a pubic debate took place about the popularity of some Western festivals and the waning influence of traditional festivals. The key message was: Traditional festivals are "important and therefore they need protection".

But many people, especially the young, say they are not interested in these festivals. Instead, they are embracing Western Festivals and holidays such 25 Christmas Day, Valentine's Day Halloween, Thanksgiving Day, and even April Fool's Day.

A commonly heard reason for this thinking is: "Traditional festivals are boring, old stuff" while Western festivals are "much more interesting and exciting". Meanwhile, concerned scholars want to preserve traditional festivals that "are vital elements of our unique historical legacy, and cultural identity".

If we really want to save our traditions, we should worry about the lack of content. Take Spring Festival for example, in the past, people did a lot of interesting activities, as shown in popular costume dramas such as Dream of the Red Mansion. But today, most people just eat, let off fireworks, play mahjong or watch gala shows.

To revitalize traditional festivals, we should not blame young people for blindly following Western festivals and Western culture but should change the way we celebrate traditional festivals. For instance, for Qingmng Festival, young netizens are establishing online cemeteries to mourn their deceased family members or deceased pets.

With new forms and novel ideas, I believe traditional festivals can stay forever young and always be appealing, here and abroad.

【小题1】What is the main idea of this passage?
A.People are not interested in our traditional festivals.
B.We should think of new ways to keep our traditional festivals alive.
C.Western festivals and holidays are becoming more and more popular in China.
D.Traditional festivals have been boring for us.
【小题2】The underlined word “revitalize" in Paragraph 6 means________.
A.to cerebrateB.to know more about
C.to be familiar withD.to give new life to
【小题3】We can infer from the passage that________.
A.China currently has about 10,000 traditional festivals among its 56 ethnic groups
B.both Chongyang Festival and Valentine's Day are Chinese traditional festivals
C.people celebrate traditional festivals in the same way as people did in the past
D.Chinese traditional festivals are less attractive to the young
【小题4】According to the passage, what's the writer's attitude?
A.We should change the way we celebrate traditional festivals.
B.Western festivals are as important as traditional festivals.
C.It’s not necessary to protect traditional festivals.
D.People can establish online cemeteries to mourn their deceased family members or deceased pets.

Countries around the world celebrate International Women’s Day (IWD) on March 8. The United Nations says the theme of this year is DigitALL: Innovation and Technology for Gender (性别) Equality.

The UN says that from the earliest days of computing, women have contributed to information technology. But it says those contributions have been little recognized or valued. The international organization says 37 percentage of women do not use the internet. It also says 259 million fewer women than men have access to the internet. Yet, women make up very close to half the world’s population. The UN says women are largely underrepresented in science, technology, engineering and mathematic careers. “Bringing women into technology results in more creative solutions and has greater potential for innovations that meet women’s needs and promote gender equality,” says the UN’s website.

For this year’s International Women’s Day, Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said in a statement, “Let us work together to build a more inclusive, just, and prosperous world for women, girls, men, and boys everywhere.” The IWD has its roots in the social and labor movement in the United States. It began in New York City on March 8, 1857, when female workers marched in protest (抗议) of unfair working conditions and unequal rights in clothing factories. The workers called for a shorter workday and better pay, the National Archives says. On March of 1908, women workers again marched through New York City to protest child labor and poor working conditions, and demand women’s right to vote.

The first recorded celebration internationally was on March 19,1911, in Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland. At that time, over a million people came out to support women’s rights. After World War II, several countries started to celebrate women’s day on March 8. Two years later, the UN officially announced that date as International Women’s Day in 1977. Some countries, including China, Russia and Uganda, also recognize it as a public holiday. Past UN celebrations have included the issues of climate change, rural women and HIV/AIDS.

【小题1】Why does the UN focus on DigitALL in celebration of this year’s IWD?
A.People have attached less value to women’s contributions.
B.People tend to ignore women’s role in international issues.
C.Women account for a larger population of the world.
D.Women have easier access to the internet than men.
【小题2】What is the advantage of bringing women into technology?
A.Finding creative solutions to gender equality.
B.Developing innovation potential to satisfy women.
C.Encouraging more women to take up technology.
D.Supporting women’s rights through innovative approaches.
【小题3】Why does the author mention Antonio Guterres in paragrpha 3?
A.To comment on women’s positions in innovations.
B.To state the purpose of celebrating IWD this year.
C.To call for joint action in respecting women’s rights.
D.To illustrate the origin of International Women’s Day.
【小题4】What mainly makes IWD an official international day?
A.The focus on the issues of world concerns.
B.The worldwide efforts to build a better world.
C.The official announcement of the day by the UN.
D.The celebration of women’s achievements in computing.

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