The climate we live in affects many areas of our lives. 【小题1】A warmer world would be a sicker world.

Climate researchers predict that the world climate will become warmer. High temperatures in summer is becoming more frequent and very cold winters more rare. With winters becoming warmer, there are likely to be up to 20, 000 fewer cold-related deaths. However, there is a danger that bacteria would no longer die off seasonally during the cold period. 【小题2】

More heat waves may increase the number of hot-weather related deaths by up to 2, 800. They could cause an extra 5,000 deaths a year from skin cancer and may cause an increase of up to 2,000 cases of eye diseases. 【小题3】

Higher average global temperatures mean that diseases, or their carriers, may be able to move to areas that were too cold for them to survive at an earlier time. It's possible that a warm type of malaria (疟疾) will appear in some parts of the world and be a seasonal danger for up to four months each year. 【小题4】 They will cause damage to our homes, food, and water supplies and then affect our health.

【小题5】Those living in poor and developing countries are going to be less able to adapt to changes. Health effects are not likely to be limited to the human population, and wildlife would also be seriously affected.

According to the Living Planet Index, which has been in existence for five decades, animal populations across the world decreased by an average of 69% between 1970 and 2018.

Not all animal populations decreased, and some parts of the world saw greater changes than others. But experts say the sharp loss of biodiversity is a worrying sign of what’s to come for the natural world.

According to the report’s authors, the main cause of biodiversity loss is land-use changes driven by human activity, such as industry development, energy production and deforestation (毁林).

But the report suggests that climate change — which is already showing wide-ranging effects on plant and animal species globally —will become the leading cause of biodiversity loss if rising temperatures aren’t limited to 1.5 C.

“The message is clear and the lights are flashing red,” said WEF International Director General Marco Lambertini.

Lambertini said the biodiversity loss and climate change are already responsible for a series of problems for humans, including death and displacement from extreme weather, a lack of access to food and water and an increase in the spread of some diseases.

He said world leaders: gathering at the U.N. Biodiversity Conference in Montreal in December should take major steps to change environmental damage.

“This is the last chance we will get. By the end of this decade we will know whether this plan was enough or not; the fight for people and nature will have been won or lost,” Lambertini said. “The signs are not good. Discussions so far are locked in old-world thinking and fixed positions, with no sign of the active action needed to achieve a nature-positive future.”

The report calculated the average change in the “relative abundance” of 31,821 wildlife populations representing 5,230 species. Latin America and the Caribbean saw a decline 94% average population loss and Africa saw a 66% decline, while North America experienced only a 20% drop and Europe and central Asia saw its wildlife populations decreased by 18%.

The WWF said the difference could be due to the fact that much of the development in North America and Europe occurred before 1970, when the data on biodiversity loss started.

I am an Africa wildlife filmmaker. But wildlife filmmakers from Africa are rarer than mountain gorillas(大猩猩). To understand why there are so few, we need to remember our recent history.

When the colonialists(殖民者) ruled Africa, they seized control of the continent’s wildlife and other natural resources. They saw African wildlife as “big game” and the continent’s first protected natural areas were game reserves created by driving away locals for the benefit of white hunters. Later, game reserves were renamed national parks and big game hunting gave way to wildlife tourism. But African wildlife was still there for White people’s enjoyment and benefits.

That locals could have an interest in preserving wildlife for its own sake was rarely considered. Africans -like me who tried to get involved in wildlife conservation were made to feel out of place. When I was first interviewed by a British film crew, my interview was cut at the editing stage and replaced by a white man, just because I was an African.

Africa was the setting for some of the most popular films about wildlife, but these films were made by western-owned production companies for Western audiences, and most Africans never even got to see them. What Africa needed was to see themselves and their view points in the films. We urgently needed wildlife films made by Africans, about Africans and for Africans. As producer of the documentary TV series “Wildlife Warriors”, I set out to find African conservation heroes who could play a role in the documentary. I soon discovered that we had some talented African filmmakers across the continent.

Today things are changing fast. Companies like National Geographic and the BBC are leading the way with new approaches to global storytelling that deliver diversity and equality. Our African wildlife filmmakers’ mission is to draw on the power of local storytelling to inspire our people to save our continent’s rich wildlife.