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A recent study published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society suggests that Leonardo da Vinci was more experimental with his well-known “Mona Lisa” than previously thought and was likely the creator of a technique seen in works used a century later.

A team of scientists in France and Britain has detected a rare mineral compound (矿物化合物), plumbonacrite, within the piece. Plumbonacrite forms when lead oxides (铅氧化物) combine with oil. Mixing these two substances is the technique that later artists like Rembrandt used to help the paint dry, according to the study.

Detecting the rare compound in the “Mona Lisa” suggested that Leonardo could have been the original user of this approach, said Gilles Wallez, an author of the study. “Everything that comes from Leonardo is very interesting, because he had lots of ideas, and he was an experimenter, attempting to improve the knowledge of his time,” Wallez said, “Each time you discovered something in his processes, you discovered that he was clearly ahead of his time.”

The “Mona Lisa”, like many other paintings from the 16th century, was created on a piece of wood that required a thick base layer. The researchers believed that Leonardo had made his mixture of lead oxide powder with linseed oil to produce the thick coat of paint needed for the first layer, while unknowingly creating the rare compound.

Nowadays, researchers aren’t allowed to take samples from the masterpiece, which resides at the Louvre in Paris and is protected behind glass. Using a microsample that had been taken from an area of the artwork just behind the frame, however, scientists were able to analyze the paint by using a high-tech machine. “These samples have a very high cultural value,” Wallez said. “You can’t afford to take big samples on a painting.”

【小题1】Why is Rembrandt mentioned in paragraph 2?
A.To demonstrate his unique talent for painting.
B.To explain how he used the technique correctly.
C.To stress what made him different from other painters.
D.To show the technique was useful for drying the paint.
【小题2】What did Wallez think of Leonardo da Vinci?
A.Independent.B.Strict.C.Pioneering.D.Friendly.
【小题3】How did researchers think Leonardo da Vinci created the rare compound?
A.By accident.B.With other painters’ help.
C.By reading many books.D.Through various attempts.
【小题4】What can be learned about the “Mona Lisa” from the last paragraph?
A.It didn’t contain plumbonacrite.B.Analyzing its paint is invaluable but costly.
C.It was created in the 17th century.D.Taking its samples is an easy task now.
23-24高二上·山西吕梁·阶段练习
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Our suits have four layers: thermal (保暖的) underwear on the inside, followed by an electrically heated bodysuit, a thick wool coat, and a half-inch-thick layer of rubber outerwear. There’re two layers of hoods, waterproof gloves and 35 pounds of weights. There are two batteries for the heated bodysuit, a backup gas container, and finally, my photography equipment. We look like astronauts minus the helmets.

When we finally dive into the freezing water, we’re wearing 200 pounds each. The cold quickly numbs the few square inches of exposed skin on our cheeks, and as the dive goes on, it spreads into our suits and gloves, biting even harder. It’s almost unbearable. Toward the end, as we’re pausing on our way up to let the pressure drop, we search for anything to distract (使分心) us from the pain.When we finally drag ourselves out of the freezing ocean, I lie face down on the ice, my brain dulled, my skin hard and wrinkled, my lips, hands, and feet swollen and unconscious (无知觉的) — then, as my body warms and the blood starts to flow again, the intense pain is at its worst.

What could possibly make this worthwhile? The sight! Only a few species of seals, penguins, and other birds live in East Antarctica, and no land mammals at all. Below, it’s a rich garden. Antarctic marine life has been largely isolated from the rest of the planet for millions of years, ever since the continent separated from the other continents and froze over. Since then the powerful Antarctic Circumpolar Current has surrounded Antarctica from west to east, creating a sharp change in temperature that prevents the spread of marine animals. The long isolation has allowed a surprising diversity of species, unique to the region, to evolve on the seafloor.

The waters under Antarctic ice are like Mount Qomolangma: magical, but extremely unfriendly. Nothing short of full commitment gets you anywhere. The demand is too great. But that’s what makes the images you see here so breathtaking, and the experience of having photographed them and of having seen this place so unforgettable.

【小题1】What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 1?
A.How entertaining a diver appears to be.
B.How fully prepared the divers are.
C.How advanced modern technologies are.
D.How heavy the astronauts’ equipment is.
【小题2】The divers suffer the greatest pain when they ______.
A.dive into the waterB.begin to resurface
C.regain consciousnessD.reach the deepest spot
【小题3】What do we know about marine species in Antarctica?
A.They can be found elsewhere on the planet.
B.They have unimpressive biological diversity.
C.They live relatively independently geographically.
D.They experience sharp changes in temperature.
【小题4】What makes the diving experience in Antarctica so worthwhile?
A.The challenging circumstances of the diving.
B.The amazing scenery and pictures taken.
C.The long-standing reputation of Antarctica.
D.The divers’ devotion to the tough task.

At Serious Readers we understand that the creative mind requires many factors to function properly.

Creativity and inspiration can often strike when we least expent it, and disappear rapidly when we feel we most need it. Inspiration demands attention, at any hour of the day; that’s why Serious Lights use a special technology that allows us to closely replicate (模拟) natural daylight and bring it indoors. This means that wherever you are, and whatever time it is, you can write like you are bathed in a pool of natural sunshine.

“Read a thousand books, and your words will flow like a river.”— Lisa See

Every author will tell you that the key to becoming a skilled writer is to devote yourself to reading. Reading develops your vocabulary, teaches you narrative structure, and provides a window to worldviews beyond your own. Time spent in front of a page is important for any hopeful wordsmith, and the longer you read, the better prepared you are to write. But many people struggle with reading for long periods of time. They experience blurred vision, headaches, hard concentrating and sore or dry eyes. These are symptoms of what is commonly known as eyestrain (视疲劳). A Serious Light works with your eyes to reduce these symptoms and allow you the freedom to read and write for as long as you desire.

“A writer is a world trapped in a person.”— Victor Hugo

Books often provide us with a sense of freedom. The common phrase “get lost in a book” indicates the sensation of allowing the world around you to fade away while the words on the page become a world inside your head. That feeling of freedom shouldn’t be hampered by tired and sore eyes. Most readers spend the majority of their time under some form of artificial light. This is where the problem starts. Most artificial light sources are not designed with your eyes in mind and will cause your eyes to overstrain and become tired and annoyed much faster. With a Serious Light you will experience sharper text, vivid colour, and breathtaking clarity, allowing you to read and write for as long as you desire.

【小题1】What is the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The advantage of creativity.B.The advantage of inspiration.
C.The function of Serious Lights.D.The function of natural sunshine.
【小题2】What does Lisa See’s words indicate?
A.The importance of reading.B.The method to write a book.
C.The future of their products.D.The ways to be a wordsmith.
【小题3】What does the underlined word “hampered” most probably mean?
A.Explained.B.Directed.C.Satisfied.D.Influenced.
【小题4】What will the text most probably talk about next?
A.Recommend Serious Lights products.B.Offer directions of reading.
C.Introduce some books on Serious Lights.D.Refer to benefits from reading.

Hearing aids usually bring to mind images of ugly, ineffective devices mainly worn by the elderly. But this ill repute is quickly changing, as they’ve recently taken a turn thanks to two innovators, Dr. Marco Vietor and Paul Crusius, who now lead the fastest-growing hearing aid company in the world—hear.com.

Hear.com’s years of research led to the development of two game-changing hearing aids—the Silk and Styletto. These impressive devices pack cutting-edge technology in designs that are practically invisible. They also use a unique way that has been clinically proven to deliver better-than-normal hearing so you can clearly understand speech in any environment. With additional features like Bluetooth and rechargeability, today’s hearing aids are attracting even younger customers skilled in tech.

But hear.com knows it’s not just about tech and design. They’ve put an enormous effort into the entire experience to make hearing care more accessible and more affordable. “Everyone should be able to hear well to live well,” Crusius says. “And it’s very individual. Each person’s hearing loss is different and requires a personalized approach to find the best solution.”

“We hear with our brains, not our ears. And it takes at least 30 days for our brain to adjust and relearn how to hear again with new hearing aids,” Dr. Vietor says. “To guarantee your best outcome with hearing aids, we developed the industry’s first 30-day program, Hearing Success Program, so customers have that extra level of care and knowledge to succeed.”

And it’s working. Hear.com has now helped more than 100,000 customers improve their hearing. Their A+ rating with the Better Business Bureau and 5-star rating on the customer review platform, Trustpilot, speaks for itself.

Hear.com’s “never corporate” and “customer first” approach also helps drive the company’s success, encouraging employees to act like owners and put customers first. “We’re investing heavily in shaping our company culture,” Crusius says. “Individuals who work at hear.com say they are here to do more than a job. They’re helping change lives all around the world.”

【小题1】What does the underlined part “this ill repute” in Para 1 refer to?
A.Hearing aids being too expensive to afford.
B.Hearing aids ignoring the needs of the elderly.
C.Hearing aids developing at a really slow pace.
D.Hearing aids being poor in design and function.
【小题2】What does Para 2 mainly talk about?
A.The popularity of hear.com’s hearing aids.
B.The innovations in hear.com’s hearing aids.
C.The benefits brought by hear.som’s hearing aids.
D.The effort hear.com’s made to develop hearing aids.
【小题3】What does the Hearing Success Program aim to do?
A.Add attractive features to hearing aids.
B.Help customers adjust to new hearing aids.
C.Find the possible causes for customers’ hearing loss.
D.Educate people about the consequences of hearing loss.
【小题4】What can we infer about hear.com’s employees?
A.They take pride in their work.
B.They lack a sense of belonging.
C.They reject the company culture.
D.They cooperate well with review platforms.
【小题5】What does the passage focus on?
A.Products and services of a hearing aid company.
B.Hearing problems in the elderly.
C.The company culture of hear.com.
D.Younger customers’ interest in hearing aids.

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