“The 2023 Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded to Jon Fosse for his innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable,” the Swedish Academy 【小题1】(announce)in Stockholm on Thursday.

The committee praised the author’s style,【小题2】 has come to be known as “Fosse minimalism(极简主义)”. “Fosse presents everyday situations that are instantly recognizable in our own lives,” the committee said. “His reduction of language and dramatic action expresses the most powerful human emotions of 【小题3】(anxious)and powerlessness in the simplest terms.”

His masterpiece — seven works grouped together into a single volume titled “Septology” —tells the story of 【小题4】 aging painter and widower who lives alone as he deals with the realities of religion, identity, art and family life.

“Fosse combines strong local ties, both linguistic and geographic, 【小题5】 modernist artistic techniques,” the committee said, “【小题6】(list)the Irish playwright Samuel Beckett and the Austrian poet Georg Trakl among those who influenced his style.”

“While Fosse shares the negative outlook of his predecessors, his particular vision cannot be said 【小题7】(cause)a nihilistic contempt(虚无主义不屑)of the world. Indeed, there is also great warmth 【小题8】 humor in his work.” the committee added.

The choice of Fosse as this year’s laureate will do little to counter criticism from those who say the committee rewards 【小题9】(Europe)writers at the expense of authors in other continents.

Male writers have also 【小题10】(historical)dominated the award: Of the 120 laureates in literature, only 17 have been women.

We often think of drawing as something that takes inborn talent, 【小题1】this kind of thinking stems from our misclassification of drawing as, primarily, an art form rather than a tool for learning. Researchers, teachers, and artists are starting to see how drawing can positively impact a wide variety of skills and disciplines. Most of us have spent some time drawing before, but at some point, most of us stop drawing. There are people who don’t, obviously, and thank God for that: a world【小题2】designers and artists would be a very shabby one indeed.

Some argue that so many adults have abandoned drawing because we’ve miscategorized it and given it a very narrow definition. In his book, Stick Figures: Drawing as a Human Practice, Professor D.B. Dowd argues that “We have misfiled the significance of drawing because we see it as a professional skill【小题3】a personal capacity. We【小题4】(mistake) think of “good” drawings as those which work as recreations of the real world, as realistic illusions. Rather, drawing should be recategorized as a symbolic tool.”

Human beings have been drawing for 73,000 years. It’s part of what it means to be human. We don’t have the strength of chimpanzees because we’ve given up animal strength to manipulate subtle instruments, like hammers, spears, and — later — pens and pencils. The human hand is an extremely dense network of nerve endings. In many ways, human beings are built【小题5】(draw).

Some researchers argue that doodling activates the brain’s so-called default circuit — essentially, the areas of the brain responsible for maintaining a baseline level of activity in the absence of other stimuli. Because of this, some believe that doodling during a boring lecture can help students pay attention. In one study, participants were asked to listen to a list of names【小题6】either doodling or sitting still. Those who remembered 29 percent more of the names than those who did not.

There’s also evidence【小题7】drawing talent is based on how accurately someone perceives the world. The human visual system tends to misjudge size, shape, color, and angles but artists perceive these qualities 【小题8】(accuracy) than non-artists. Cultivating drawing talent can become an essential tool to improve people’s【小题9】(observe) skills in fields where the visual is important.

Rather than think of drawing as a talent that some creative people are gifted in, we should consider it as a tool for seeing and understanding the world better-one that just so happens to double as an art from. Both absent-minded doodling and copying from life have been shown to positively affect your memory and visual perception, so complain loudly the next time your school board【小题10】(slash) the art department’s budget.

The Great Voice Actor

Since the creation of animated (动画的) motion pictures, the use of actors supplying voices 【小题1】(be) invaluable. Behind every famous cartoon character’s personality is the actor standing in the recording booth and 【小题2】 (stretch) their manner of speaking in unrecognizable ways. For some of these performers, the voices they’ve provided have far surpassed them as people in both recognizability and adoration.

Mel Blanc, known as “The Man of Thousand Voices”, 【小题3】 (regard) as the most prolific actor to ever work in Hollywood with over a thousand screen credits. He developed and performed nearly 400 distinct character voices. Whether in legendary shorts or lesser-known commercials, Mel Blanc walked so the voice actors of today 【小题4】 run.

Mel Blanc lent his voice to many classic characters, but the one he is best known for is Bugs Bunny. There is little that can be said about Bugs’ impact 【小题5】 hasn’t already been said for decades. The character is 【小题6】 helped launch Warner Bros. animation into the mainstream. Bugs was even the face of Warner Bros. Family Entertainment, appearing at the beginning of many films. 【小题7】 a character may not talk, that doesn’t mean a fair bit of voice acting isn’t involved. Mel provided the various noises of the beloved pet dinosaur, Dino, in The Flintstones. While obviously not as quotable as his caveman companions, every fan knows the excited bark of Dino when he sees his master, Fred, arrive home. In January 1961, at the age of 52, Blanc was severely injured in a car accident and had to tape his part at home with a microphone 【小题8】 (suspend) over his bed.

Mel Blanc paved the way for voice acting as a true art, though it’s a skill that often goes unrecognized when praise is focused on movies and TV. The characters we all love wouldn’t be where they are in the public eye without 【小题9】 who put a voice to them. Many recognizable or popular voice actors of our modern era have Blanc 【小题10】 (thank) for their start, and hope to reach his level of unmatched expertise at bringing countless characters to life the way no one else can.