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What is the ideal physique(体形)? The answer is ever-changing. But it is to a large extent work of a single company that dominated the past 60 years of body image standards.

Since its creation in 1959, Barbie has been in the leading position of promoting hardly attainable body image standards, for which it was often heavily criticized. Scientific research shows that the probability of achieving a Barbie-like body shape is less than 1 in 100,000!

Mattel, the company behind the Barbie doll, has recognized that the 60s’ idea of good body image is long gone. In an effort to keep up with social change, Mattel is adjusting the dolls' body type and skin color, introducing special editions.

There is now a Barbie in a wheelchair. There is a Barbie Astronaut, Rescuer, or Engineer. In their latest Barbie special edition, Mattel honors the women fighting the COVID-19 pandemic, including Dame Sarah Gilbert. In the hope that Mattel is adapting to modern corporate standards just as well as it is to social change, we’re attracted by what the company's sustainability data may tell us.

What does the data tell us? To answer this question, we’ve launched a sustainability-focused beauty contest-with Mattel as one of the contestants. The company scores relatively well on environmental and social metrics(衡量标准).However, in terms of diversity, Mattel is well below its competitor, Hasbro. This being said, the judges advise that beauty should be equally defined by the inside and the outside.

What does this mean? Be body-positive! As we’re approaching the second quarter of the 21st century, the importance of a healthy relationship between mind and body is being recognized. And with this, body image standards are changing, allowing for more freedom of expression and identity.

Mattel’s efforts in product diversity are a welcome step in the right direction, as the doll has its very own influence. We believe that Barbie’s future lies in the empowerment(赋予力量)of today’s youth, contributing toward a generation of confident individuals.

【小题1】How does scientific research evaluate a Barbie-like body shape?
A.It needs much luck to achieve it.
B.It's almost impossible to achieve it.
C.There is increasing probability of achieving it.
D.It's a breakthrough in attainable body image standards.
【小题2】Why does Mattel develop new editions of Barbie dolls?
A.To score well on social metrics.
B.To launch a beauty contest.
C.To keep pace with the times.
D.To define what is real beauty.
【小题3】What is the author’s attitude toward the future of Barbie?
A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Uncertain.D.Uninterested.
【小题4】What is the best title for this text?
A.The Future of Barb
B.New Metrics for Body Image
C.A Deep Dive into Barbie’s World
D.A Great Change in Body Image Standards
22-23高二上·江西九江·期中
知识点:社会问题与社会现象说明文过去与未来 答案解析 【答案】很抱歉,登录后才可免费查看答案和解析!
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Sometimes you may have a strong desire to do something strange or terrible. However, chances are that you don’t act on your impulse (冲动), but let it pass instead. You know that to take the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior.

Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo behavior is how it can change over the years, how certain behavior and attitudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time. Topics such as death, for example, were once considered so upsetting that it was a taboo to even talk about them. Now with the publication of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye, people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings about death and, as a result, are more willing to talk about this taboo subject.

One of the newest taboos is the topic of fat. Unlike many other taboos, fat is a topic that people talk about constantly. It’s not taboo to talk about fat; it’s taboo to be fat. The “in” look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, slim manager to sell their image as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor, and success. The fat person, on the other hand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy, self-discipline and self-respect. After all, how can people permit themselves to become fat? In an image-conscious society, thin is ‘‘in”, fat is “out”.

It’s not surprising that millions of people have become obsessed (着迷) with staying slim and “in shape”. The pursuit of a youthful physical appearance is not, however, the only reason for people’s obsession with diet and exercise. Recent research has shown the importance of diet and exercise for personal health. As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style of people has changed since last century. Modern machines do all the physical labor. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. As a result of inactivity and disuse, people’s bodies can easily become weak. In an effort to avoid such a fate (命运), millions of people are spending more of their time exercising. Parks are filled with joggers and bicyclists, and many companies are providing special exercise equipment for their employees to use during the work day.

【小题1】What does the word “taboo’’ refer to in the passage?
A.A crime committed on impulse.
B.An unfavorable impression left on other people.
C.A strong desire to do something strange or terrible.
D.Behavior considered unacceptable to the society.
【小题2】What does the underlined phrase “in” look probably mean?
A.The fashionable look.B.The hidden look.
C.The usual look.D.The inside look.
【小题3】According to the passage, the common belief is that______.
A.fat people are full of energy
B.thin people are more successful
C.fat people prefer to have fat bosses
D.thin people are less image-conscious
【小题4】People pay more attention to diet and exercise because of______.
A.their need to kill timeB.their love for sports
C.their concern for healthD.their belief in hard work

When you bite into a loaf of bread, you’re eating a little slice of history, with roots that stretch back for millennia. But this basic and important food, which has dominated tables for thousands of years, is in a dangerous decline.

According to a study, 32 percent of the purchased bread is being dumped in the UK. And in France-a country whose breads are internationally well-known-young people are cutting 30 percent less than a decade ago.

Traditionally, bread has been a cornerstone of many cultures around the world. Wherever wheat was grown, bread was sure to follow. Its roles were just as varied as its origins. Bread could be used as an appetizer, a palate(味蕾)cleaner, a post-meal palate cleaner-even as an entire meal itself. As its popularity grew, so too did its symbolic value, Christianity adopted bread as are presentation of Christ during religious ceremonies. “Breaking bread” with someone became a common symbol of friendship. The French even used to bring baguettes(法棍面包)home as a symbol of love to the family.

But recently, the world’s love with bread came to fade. Some guess that the fast pace of modern life is changing people’s eating habits. Others believe it’s a reflection of health concerns. Bread is rich in complex carbobydrates(碳水化合物), a fact that could alienate anyone who practices a low-carbon or gluten-free(不含麸质物的)lifestyle.

The shift against bread is also associated with its mass production. Extra yeast(酵母)and additives are added to the dough, to extend its shelf life. In the process, bread ends up being blanched(变白)and nutritious stripped.

But dedicated bakers around the world have rushed forward to rescue bread’s good reputation. They say no to mass production-in-favor-of-baking-flavorful loaves the old-fashioned way. British baker Mark Newman is a good example. His loaves take up to 18 hours from start to finish. “In terms of nutrition and eating satisfaction, a handmade loaf of real bread and mass-produced bread are completely different products.” he said. Artisanal bakers hope to build on the popular enthusiasm to grow their industry. With a little luck-and some fresh, whole grains-bread might return to its traditional glory.

【小题1】From the traditional view, bread ______.
A.could be mass produced
B.was not used for religious purposes
C.symbolized some close relationships
D.could not be served before a big meal
【小题2】In the mass prod action of bread, what’s the purpose of over using yeast and additives?
A.To blanch bread.B.To help bread keep longer.
C.To speed the process of production.D.To make bread more nutritious.
【小题3】What is the structure of the passage?
A.①②→③→④⑤→⑥B.①→②→③④→⑤⑥
C.①②→③④→⑤→⑥D.①→②③→④⑤⑥
【小题4】What is the main idea that the writer wants to convey?
A.Bread is becoming less consumed.
B.Handmade bread enjoys great popularity nowadays.
C.Bread plays an important role throughout the world.
D.Bread has along history as main food dominating tables.

Embedded (植入的) advertising has been running wild for decades. It forces its way into our daily lives, yet goes largely unnoticed. It’s become so perfectly inescapable that, at the end of the day, you just have to sit back and admire it — or at least accept it.

It used to be that embedded advertisements were harmless. They were obvious, but priceless too. These days, however, people have to draw the line when Tom Hanks makes best friends with a brand-name volleyball on the screen. Pretty soon may come the day when we can’t sit through a Renaissance-set show without local servants sporting the latest mobile phone! Many people have just grown indifferent to the brand promotion. It’s sad that we sometimes have to judge the worth of movies and shows based on how perfectly they’re able to include brands into a storyline.

We can look at The Social Network as an example of how embedded marketing can be destructive or made more pleasant. What could have been a two-hour ad for a famous social media site was instead fashioned into a thematic exploration of the network’s impact on its users. The film examines the networks expansion and makes us question how it has changed the concept of “connectedness” in the so-called information era. We really have to give credit for this.

In such cases the attempt is being made to introduce a certain amount of artfulness where there could have easily been none. Such examples are thought of as “progressive product placement”, which could serve as a model. If today’s embedded advertising can be dealt with in the clever and attractive way, people won’t remain either indifferent to or calm about it.

【小题1】What is the feature of embedded advertising according to the first paragraph?
A.Costly.B.Meaningful.C.Appealing.D.Widespread.
【小题2】Why does the author mention Tom Hanks and servants in paragraph 2?
A.To compare two different kinds of ads.
B.To show effect of present embedded advertising.
C.To indicate the necessity of ads for products.
D.To explain the development of embedded advertising.
【小题3】What does the author think of The Social Network?
A.It is impractical.B.It is questionable.
C.It is praiseworthy.D.It is complicated.
【小题4】What can be inferred about progressive product placement?
A.It deals with the ads skillfully.B.It explores artistic themes in films.
C.It increases the brand exposure.D.It introduces the products in detail.

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