In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 【小题1】 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 【小题2】work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 【小题3】 (lay) the track and then building strong roof over【小题4】 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.

Steam engines 【小题5】 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 【小题6】 (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly turned out to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using it every day.

Later, engineers 【小题7】 (manage) to build railways in a system of deep tunnel (隧道)，【小题8】 became known as the tube. This development was only possible with the【小题9】(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most 【小题10】 (success) of these newlines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.

According to a report by South China Morning Post, China is planning to launch a hyperloop (超级高铁), also known as a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035. If the project goes as 【小题1】 (plan), the new train will be the world’s 【小题2】 (fast) ground-based transport technology.

Chinese authorities have announced the 【小题3】 (approve) of the country’s first hyperloop line. Its length will be 175 kilometers, and it will pass between the cities of Shanghai 【小题4】Hangzhou. These are two key metropolitan areas for the country’s economy.

The distance between these two cities can now be covered in about three hours by car or an hour by high-speed train. However, the hyperloop can reach speeds of up to 1000 km/h, 【小题5】 means that the route can 【小题6】(complete) in just 15 minutes. That’s twice faster than commercial passenger planes and 10 times than traditional high-speed trains.

The proposed project will make China one of 【小题7】 pioneers in hyperloop technology, 【小题8】 (allow) faster travel between several major cities. 【小题9】 (reduce) noise and pollution levels, the hyperloop provides a high-security level with low energy consumption. The technology will 【小题10】 (far) advance China's position as a leader in transport.

A freight (货运) train loaded with 50 containers of machinery and equipment left southwest China' s Chongqing Municipality Sunday for the capital of Ukraine, marking the launch of Chongqing's new freight train route.

The freight train 【小题1】 (schedule) to pass through the border port of Erenhot in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and will reach 【小题2】 (it) destination in mid-September.

Previously, exports from Chongqing to Ukraine had to go through Belarus or Poland rather than heading 【小题3】 (direct) for Ukraine. The new route is the city's first direct international freight train route to Kyiv. It is expected to further facilitate trade 【小题4】 Europe and the western regions of China.

Chongqing is 【小题5】 primary hub (中枢) for China Europe freight trains. The Yuxinou (Chongqing-Xinjiang- Europe) railway, 【小题6】 was the first China-Europe freight train route, saw 1,359 trips in the first half of 2021, up over 50 percent year on year. Since the railway was put into 【小题7】 (operate) in 2011, Yuxinou has launched more than 30 routes, with over 40 cities across 26 countries 【小题8】 (connect), and the routes have recorded over 8,000 freight train trips.

Axel Mattern, CEO of Hafen Hamburg Marketing, said China was Germany's largest trade partner for the 【小题9】 (six) continuous year in 2021 and became the largest trade partner for the European Union for the first time in 2020, 【小题10】 (replace) the United States.