The Confucian Analects or The Analects (论语) is a collection of the sayings and teachings of Confucius and his disciples (门徒). It 【小题1】(compile) in the early Warring States Period, over 70 years after the death of Confucius, from the notes that his disciples took according to the answers【小题2】their questions.

The present-day Analects is based on the Lu version compiled during the Han Dynasty and embodies,【小题3】Confucian concept of ren or humanity or benevolence. Ren is rich in content, and varied in form.

The core of the concept is “The benevolent love of others” or universal love, 【小题4】 is the basic virtue of a gentleman of noble character. Confucius believes that being benevolent does not mean 【小题5】(be)without principles. One should be clear about what【小题6】(love) or hate. Ren comes from learning and self-cultivation: it can be seen from a person’s appearance. To be sure, li or rites and yue or music are important. 【小题7】, ren is the No. 1 principle of being a decent man. It is actually the essence of li and yue. Without ren, li or yue would be【小题8】(meaning).

Apart from ren, Confucius put forward another concept, which is yi or righteousness. Yi is the codes of conduct under the 【小题9】(guide) of ren. “The virtuous man cherishes a respect for the law,【小题10】the vile (邪恶的) man cherishes generous treatment. ”

Important as words are, body language can also give 【小题1】 (we) information about people’s 【小题2】 (feel). However, some body language means differently in different countries. The meanings of some gestures, like 【小题3】(make) eye contact and OK vary 【小题4】culture to culture while other gestures mean the same worldwide. Some body language, like 【小题5】smile, has many different uses.

It is the first time that Lunyu, or the Analects of Confucius, a collection of ideas and sayings from the ancient Chinese philosopher Confucius (551-479 BC), 【小题1】(translate) into Maltese(马耳他语). Salvatore Giuffre, Maltese Sinologist and translator of the book speaks fluent Chinese and worked 【小题2】 the Marrese director of Confucius Institute at the University of Malta. Covering teachings on 【小题3】 rulers should do to govern a country, the book counts among the most valuable literary and philosophical works worldwide.

The idea of translating the book came about when China’s Shandong Friendship Publishing House invited Malta’s SKS Publishers to attend a seminar on Confucius in 2017 in East China’s Shandong province, 【小题4】 birthplace of Confucius. The event featured various publications of the book in different languages, and SKS Publishers was asked to 【小题5】(rich) the collection with a Maltese version.

Giuffre spent around two years making the book 【小题6】(access) to Maltese readers, especially to young students. He occasionally consulted versions of the book 【小题7】(write) in modern Chinese to clarify certain ambiguous terms. He also added comments and explanations to make the text easier 【小题8】(understand). “I tried to keep my Maltese version as understandable as possible to enable a 【小题9】(large) circle of readers to benefit from it,” Giuffre says.

【小题10】(look) forward, he says he hopes that China and Malta can strengthen cooperation in the field of publishing and create opportunities for more translation projects of literary works.