A punctual (准时的) person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and is never late in keeping an appointment.
Failure to be punctual in keeping one’s appointments is a sign of disrespect towards others. If a person is invited to dinner and arrives later than the appointed time, he keeps all the other guests waiting for him.
Unpunctuality, moreover, is very harmful when it comes to doing one’s duty, whether public or private. Imagine how it would be if those who are put in charge of important tasks failed to be at their proper place at the appointed time.
A.However, the man who really has a great deal to do is very careful with his time and seldom complains because he lacks it. |
B.The unpunctual man, on the other hand, never does what he should do ahead of time. |
C.The unpunctual man, on the other hand, never does what he has to do at the proper time. |
D.A man who is known to be habitually unpunctual is never trusted by his friends or fellow men. |
E.In fact, time is life itself. |
F.All guests present ought to be respected by the host. |
G.Usually this will be regarded as a great disrespect to the host and all other guests present. |
Many people suffer from color blindness in some way. Women are luckier, only about one in two hundred is affected in this matter. Perhaps, after all, it is safer to be driven by a woman!
There are different forms of color blindness. In some cases a man can not see deep red. He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shades of green. Sometimes a person cannot tell the difference between blue and green. In rare cases an unlucky man may see everything in shades of green — a strange world indeed.
Color blindness in human beings is a strange thing to explain. In a single eye there are millions of very small things called “cones”. These help us to see in a bright light and to tell difference between colors. There are also millions of “rods” but these are used for seeing when it is nearly dark. They show us shape but no color.
Some insects have favorite colors. Mosquitoes (蚊子) like blue but do not like yellow. Red light will not attract insects, but a blue lamp will. In a similar way human beings also have favorite colors. Yet we are lucky. With the aid of the cones in our eyes we can see many beautiful colors by day, and with the aid of the rods we can see shapes at night. One day we may even learn more about the invisible(看不见的)colors around.
【小题1】Why do some people say it is safer to be driven by women?A.Women are more careful. |
B.There are few color-blind women. |
C.Women are fonder of driving than men. |
D.Women are weaker but quicker in thinking |
A.color and its surprising effects |
B.women being luckier than men |
C.danger caused by color blindness |
D.color blindness |
A.tell orange from yellow |
B.see in weak light |
C.kill mosquitoes |
D.tell different shapes |
A.red light | B.yellow light |
C.blue light | D.green light |
The Secret Language of Plants
Talking plants have long been a thing of myths and legends. Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give advice as well as warnings to people. Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India. And in some modern stories, such as the film Avatar, trees can communicate with animals and people.
With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed something amazing:it appears that plants can communicate after all.
It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. This happens when a plant, say a bean plant, gets attacked by insects. The plant releases tiny amounts of chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: “I’m being attacked!” When another bean plant detects the chemicals from its injured neighbour, it starts to release its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract insects—the wasps! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the bean plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow crops without pesticides.
More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People can’t hear these sounds, but plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their roots. Corn and chilli plants do this. They also “listen” to the noises from other plants. A chilli plant can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful, or unfriendly. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water, indicating drought is arriving.
Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”.It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use.]While the Internet is a worldwide network of computers linked by cables and satellites, the wood wide web is linked underground by fungi. This fungal network links the roots of different plants to each other. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other. For example, some pine trees can send food to smaller pine trees to help them grow. But just like our own Internet, the wood wide web has its own version of “cybercrime”.Plants can steal food from each other, or spread poisons to attack other plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a “firewall” to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web.
Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Who knows? Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to “talk” with them ourselves.
【小题1】What’s mainly talked about in the passage?A.Scientists find plants can “talk” with each other. | B.Scientists find plants can “talk” with people. |
C.Scientists aren’t sure whether plants can “talk”. | D.Scientists can use the secret language of plants. |
A.Through calling for help. | B.Through driving insects away. |
C.Through making special sounds. | D.Through releasing chemicals. |
A.They can make noises as well as hearing noises from other plants. |
B.They can detect the chemicals from the neighbours and make sounds. |
C.They have been used by scientists to observe the state of the water. |
D.They use sounds that can be heard by people to communicate. |
A.An incredible communication system of plants. |
B.The formation of the “wood wide web”. |
C.The advantages and disadvantages of the “wood wide web”. |
D.The “firewall” created by scientists for plants. |
To discover whether bees can see colors, the following experiment is set up. A table is put in a garden and on the table is a piece of blue cardboard (硬纸板) with a drop of syrup (糖浆) on it. After a short time, bees come to the syrup. The bees then fly to their hive (蜂窝) and give the syrup to other bees in the hive. Then they return to the feeding-place which they have discovered. After a while, the blue cardboard with the syrup on it is taken away. Instead of this card, a blue card is now put on the left side of the first feeding-place and a red card to its right. These new card have no syrup on them. Thus, the blue card is on the left, the red card on the right, and there is nothing where the first blue feeding-card used to be. Very soon bees arrive again, and fly straight to the blue card. None to the red card.
【小题1】To do the experiment, altogether how many cards do you need to prepare?A.Two, one blue and one red. | B.Three, two blue and one red. |
C.Three, one blue and two red. | D.Four, two blue and two red. |
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2010/7/21/1574962515927040/1574962521833472/STEM/5cbbc42156534aab849425ebc0b5ca4f.png?resizew=527)
A.![]() | B.![]() | C.![]() | D.![]() |
A.the original blue card with syrup on it |
B.the new blue card with no syrup on it |
C.the empty space where original blue card was |
D.the new blue card with syrup on it |
A.cannot see colors | B.can see colors |
C.cannot see blue | D.cannot see red |
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