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Ghosting — or the “art” of suddenly disappearing and without a trace like a call, an email, or a text from someone’s life — is an old phenomenon and is becoming more common nowadays in social and professional settings. Social media and digital devices give us a zillion (大量的) more ways to reach out to each other, and we also have a zillion more ways to avoid each other. Ghosting may feel like the least messy way to handle a break-up. But is it a good idea for you and the one involved?

Jenny Mollen is a 40-year-old actress and author who once ghosted a friend she no longer wanted to see. She told the New York Times that she didn’t know how else to end it. “If you disappear completely,” she said, “you never have to deal with knowing someone is mad at you and being the bad guy”. However, the person being ghosted still feels anger and sadness, plus confusion and upset at the loss of contact.

Some experts say that people today are actually becoming inept when handling difficult conversations. Social psychologist Sara H. Konrath found that college students had few skills associated with emotional intelligence. For example, it’s difficult for many teens to think from another person’s perspective.

The reason may be simple: less practice. They prefer digital communication to keep contact, and can choose ghosting as a way to break up. However, facial expressions, gestures, and tones of voice convey things that text messages and even calls cannot. People gain a deeper understanding of each other when they talk face to face. And this is especially important and helpful when the topic is a hard one. If you are in situation where you want to escape, calm down and reflect. You definitely have better ways than ghosting.

【小题1】How will the person being ghosted probably feel?
A.messy but pleasedB.annoyed and confused
C.upset but understandingD.disappointed and frustrated
【小题2】What does the underlined word “inept” in paragraph 3 mean?
A.IndifferentB.IncapableC.ImpoliteD.Impatient
【小题3】What can we infer from the passage?
A.Communication in person is advised.
B.Telephone calls can get more things across.
C.People prefer digital communication to keep contact.
D.Calm down and ask for help if you want to escape.
【小题4】In which section of a website may the text appear?
A.Public HealthB.Modern Technology
C.CultureD.Social Life
22-23高二下·辽宁沈阳·期末
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Those aged 50 or older account for more than 10% of the online population, making the ma growing force on the Internet, as Xinhua reports.

China Internet Network Information Center said that by the middle of this year, about 25% of China's 751 million Internet users were aged 40 or above. Those aged 50 or more ac-counted for over one-tenth of the online population, up by more than 10% from the end of2016, the report said. That makes the elderly an ever-growing force on the Internet as they follow news, search for and share information, shop, seek entertainment and stay connected with family and friends through the Internet. For many, online music platforms such as Tencent's WeSing have created a new stage.They can find songs released in the 1980s and1990s on such platforms, connect with other singers who share similar tastes and even sing together with a complete stranger.

About 70% make videos to share online, 40% use the Internet to pay mobile phone bills and 30% shop online, according to a report by Tencent and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Many also know how to give money in hongbao by WeChat.Elderly WeChat users have even created a series of special emojis, featuring various big characters and extremely bright colors. A report by Tencent said they are usually filled with positive energy.Such emojis, which carry traditional messages such as "Wish you every success!" and "Have a wonderful morning!" are considered by many young people.

【小题1】What can we learn about the aged online population according to the passage?
A.Less than 10% of the people aged 50 or older go online.
B.By the middle of this year, about 25% of China's Internet users were aged 40 or above
C.40% of the aged make videos to share online.
D.70% of the aged prefer to use the Internet to pay mobile phone bills.
【小题2】The elderly usually do the following online except_________.
A.they follow news, search for and share information
B.they contact with family and friends through the Internet
C.they sing together with a complete stranger online
D.they don't shop online.
【小题3】The word "they" in paragraph 3 refers to _________.
A.the aged peopleB.the emojis
C.the reportD.WeChat users
【小题4】What may be the best title of the passage?
A.China's Internet population
B.China's WeChat users
C.China's aged Internet explorers
D.China's elderly people

E-waste is fast becoming a serious problem around the world. This report will examine this problem and provide some possible ways to solve it.

【小题1】 It is often cheaper to buy new products than to repair old ones. Also, through clever advertising, companies always encourage people to change their old TVs, mobile phones and computers for the latest models. E-waste is created when we throw away old ones. In the EU alone, about 8,700,000 tons of e-waste is produced each year. Sadly, just over 1,000,000 tons is recycled. Burying (填埋) e-waste or burning it cause serious problems for the environment. 【小题2】 These things can then get into the ground or pollute the air when they are burnt. 【小题3】 However, their plans are not always managed properly. Sometimes electronics are just sent to poor countries such as Ghana. Here they are often burnt in public areas, which is very bad for people’s health, Setting up recycling centers is a good way to solve this problem. E-cycling centers could recycle the parts that can be reused and deal with the rest properly. 【小题4】This means that producers must take back old products. They should then make sure old products are properly recycled or reused. As for us, we should try to cut down on e-waste. 【小题5】 And don’t buy a product just to have the latest model. E-waste is a serious problem in the modern world. Both producers and users must take actions and try to keep it to the smallest amount.

A.Change electronics only when we have to.
B.We live in a society that is producing and using electronics all the time.
C.Electronics have dangerous things in them.
D.We should change our electronics as soon as possible.
E.In recent years, many countries have started recycling e-waste.
F.Electronics are safe things so we don’t need to change them.
G.Another way is to make producers responsible for their used products.

We say that technology is a double-edged sword -while it brings convenience, it also brings new problems. The sword of “social media” even has a gender preference in its damage: It cuts deeper into girls than boys.

Earlier studies have shown that spending too much time on social media is bad for teenagers’ mental health. Constantly watching their friends show off “perfect” lives can hurt their own self-esteem (自尊). That’s not to mention the problems caused by online shaming and bullying (霸凌).

Jean Twenge, a professor at San Diego State University in the US, recently discovered an alarming trend: Since 2010, the number of teenage girls who suffer from major depression – showing signs like self-harm and suicide (自杀) - has increased much faster than that of boys. In an article she wrote at The Conversation, Twenge said social media, again, was to blame.

For starters, girls use social media more than boys. Boys tend to spend their screen time on games, where they talk to their teammates through headphones. This counts as real human contact. Girls, however, simply type and browse through posts, which is a much more isolated (孤立的) experience. “They’re not having a real-time conversation with someone,” Mary Fristad, psychologist at The Ohio State University, told NPR.

And when it comes to online shaming, girls are also more vulnerable than boys. “Girls face more pressure about their appearance, which could be exacerbated (加重) by social media,” wrote Twenge.

Shannon McLaughlin, for example, is an 18-year-old from Blackburn College in the US. She shared with the Guardian how social media made her feel depressed. “I was constantly confronted (面对) by women with skinny bodies who were praised for the way they looked. This was only made worse by the diet fixes and skinny culture,” she said. But McLaughlin found a solution. She started volunteering with the National Citizen Service, where she made face-to-face contact with people. “It’s so easy to forget the importance of real connections when we have hundreds of people that we’re trying to impress at our fingertips,” she told the Guardian. And she hopes that others “look up from their phones and focus more on the world around them”.

【小题1】What did Twenge find in her recent study?
A.Overuse of social media harms teenagers’ mental health.
B.Social media does more harm to girls than boys.
C.Girls suffered more from bullying than boys.
D.Online shaming and bullying are to blame for teenagers’ depression.
【小题2】Why do girls tend to feel more isolated than boys online, according to Mary Fristad?
A.Girls have less real-time interaction with people.
B.Playing games allows boys to have more fun than girls.
C.Girls suffer more pressure on social media.
D.Girls usually desire more contact with others.
【小题3】The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to“         ”.
A.adjusting oneself wellB.fighting back bravely
C.being unconcerned about somethingD.being likely to be at risk of something
【小题4】What does McLaughlin advise teenage girls to do?
A.Ignore social media and stop following a diet.
B.Connect more with the real world.
C.Constantly take part in volunteer work.
D.Make better use of phones for socializing.

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