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Honeybees are in trouble. While they’ re crucial for promoting biodiversity and producing food for healthy human diets, honeybees face many threats, including habitat loss, climate change, air pollution and disease-causing organisms.

But now, there’s hope for helping honeybees fight back against one of the many stressors they face, a deadly infectious disease known as American foulbrood. To fight the disease, the U.S. Department of Agriculture approved for use the world’s first honeybee vaccine (疫苗), developed by Dalan Animal Health.

Bacteria called Paenibacillus larvae cause American foulbrood, which kills honeybees while they are in the pupal (蛹的) or pre-pupal stage. Until now, there was no “safe and sustainable” way to prevent American foulbrood. The only treatment involved antibiotics (抗生素), which are expensive, have limited effectiveness and take lots of time and energy for beekeepers to apply. To stop the spread, beekeepers are often forced to burn infected bees. That makes the vaccine a game changer.

“Our vaccine is a breakthrough in protecting honeybees,” says Annette Kleiser, CEO of Dalan Animal Health. “We are ready to change how we care for insects, impacting food production on a global level.”

Beekeepers will mix the vaccine, which contains dead P. larvae bacteria cells, into the food that worker bees eat. Then, when the worker bees produce their milky royal jelly (蜂王浆), the queen will eat it and the vaccine. Then, the vaccine will protect her developing offspring from the disease.

Under a conditional license from the USDA, Dalan Animal Health now plans to distribute limited amounts of the vaccine to commercial beekeepers. From there, they hope to offer it for sale throughout the U.S. sometime this year.

The federal agriculture agency awards conditional licenses to products that meet an emergency, situation, limited market, local situation or special circumstance. The USDA requires products that receive these types of licenses to be pure and safe, and have a reasonable expectation of effectiveness. Generally, conditional licenses come with restrictions and cover a limited period of time. Once that period ends, the agency evaluates the product’s effectiveness to determine whether to renew the conditional license or award a regular product license.

【小题1】What’s the function of the first paragraph?
A.To stress the importance of honeybees.
B.To lead to the topic of the passage.
C.To list the threats honeybees face.
D.To arouse readers’ interest.
【小题2】Why is the vaccine called a game changer?
A.Because it has changed the way we care for insects.
B.Because it’s the only treatment for American foulbrood.
C.Because it breaks through the limitations of the former treatment.
D.Because the previous treatment has no effectiveness.
【小题3】What does the “developing offspring” refer to in Paragraph 5?
A.Queen bees.B.Worker bees.
C.Adult bees.D.Young bees.
【小题4】What do we know about “conditional licenses” in the last two paragraphs?
A.They promote the commercial success of honeybee vaccine.
B.They guarantee the full effectiveness of products.
C.They can be renewed with no strings attached.
D.They are in effect within a period of time.
22-23高二下·湖北荆门·期末
知识点:疾病 动物说明文 答案解析 【答案】很抱歉,登录后才可免费查看答案和解析!
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Most children who have suffered from ADHD still have it as teens. During teen years, especially as the hormonal changes of teenagers are going on and the demands of school and extra-curricular activities are increasing, ADHD may get worse.

Because of problems with getting unfocused and poor concentration, many teens with ADHD have problems in school. Grades may fall, especially if the teen is not getting ADHD treatment. It’s not uncommon for teens with ADHD to forget their homework, lose textbooks, and become bored with their daily class work. Teens may become inattentive or extremely attentive, not waiting for their turn before blurting out answers. They may cut in on their teacher and classmates. Teens with ADHD may also be fidgety and find it hard to sit still in class.

Often, teens with ADHD are so busy focusing on other things that they forget about the task at hand. This can be seen especially with homework and athletic skills and in relationships with their schoolmates. This lack of attention to what they’re doing often leads to bad grades on tests and being passed over for sports teams, after-school activities, and learning teams. Kids with ADHD can be targets for bullying, too. But, not all children with ADHD have trouble getting along with others. If your child does, you can take measures to help improve their social skills and relationships.

ADHD affects all parts of a teenager’s life. As a parent, you should discover your teen’s troubles as early as possible. The earlier your child’s troubles are discovered, the more successful the following steps can be.

【小题1】What does the author plan to do in paragraph 1?
A.To list the types of ADHD.B.To introduce the main topic.
C.To show the author’s opinion.D.To explain the causes of ADHD.
【小题2】What does the underlined word “fidgety” probably mean in paragraph 2?
A.Clever.B.Noisy.C.Restless.D.Lazy.
【小题3】What is the text mainly about?
A.Ways to deal with ADHD.B.Effects of ADHD on teens.
C.Teens’ school performances.D.Demands of school work.
【小题4】What may the following paragraph talk about?
A.How parents can help a teen with ADHD.B.The importance of healthy peer relationships.
C.How many children are suffering from ADHD.D.Different opinions about treating ADHD in teens.

Many people live with chronic (慢性) pain, and there’re complex reasons for it. Now a new study researcher Laura Case of the University of California, San Diego, co-authoring with Jennifer Baumgartner, suggests a new potential influence on pain: feeling socially connected.

This new study reanalyzed measures collected in an earlier study, in which a group of chronic pain sufferers had been randomly arranged an intervention (干预) shown to reduce pain (sleeping with a heavily-weighted blanket) or to a control condition(sleeping with a slightly-weighted blanket). After sleeping with their blankets for a week, changes in people’s pain levels were assessed.

In the earlier study, the pain sufferers had also reported on their anxiety, levels of loneliness, and sense of social connectedness—not how many social connections they had, but how generally close they were to other people and how strongly they experienced a sense of belonging. But these hadn’t all been analyzed to see how they related to pain and pain relief from the blankets. That’s where the new study came in.

The new findings showed that people who were more socially connected experienced less pain than those who were less socially connected. After taking into account differences in how much pain relief the sufferers expected and how painful they felt in the beginning, those who were socially disconnected felt more pain relief from the weighted blanket than from the lighter blanket, while more socially connected people received equal pain relief from both blankets.

These findings show that having a sense of belonging provides some level of protection against pain. Why? Socially connected people probably feel safer and less anxious, says Baumgartner, because they know they can depend on others for support when they’re hurting. Besides, positive social touch—like receiving a friendly hug or massage—has been shown to reduce pain feel, and people who’re more socially connected likely experience more of those types of touch, Case adds.

Their study adds to a growing body of research showing how important social connectedness and social touch are for our health and happiness—something that’s been getting more attention in recent years.

【小题1】What did the new study mainly focus on?
A.The participants’ pain levels.B.The effects of social connections on pain.
C.The different interventions.D.The participants’ similar sense of belonging.
【小题2】What can be learnt from the new study?
A.Being socially disconnected worsened people’s pain.
B.People having more social connections experienced no pain.
C.People’s initial pain levels had few effects on the participants.
D.The weighted blanket benefited those socially disconnected a lot.
【小题3】What does Case probably suggest people do in paragraph 5?
A.Compete with each other.B.Avoid too much touch.
C.Hug their friends more.D.Control their feelings.
【小题4】From which section of the newspaper is the text probably taken?
A.Health.B.Technology.C.Environment.D.People.

Every year, countless individuals are impacted by cancer. Our goal is to walk away from cancer as we give strength to those fighting this life-threatening disease. Walk Cancer Away invites everyone to participate in our annual family friendly walk event and join together to share the strong will power found inside each of us with those around us. With each step we take, with each story shared, and with each donation made we are one step closer to finding a cure. To date, we have raised over $700,000 for Dr. Nancy Kemeny's Colorectal Research Fund at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center(MSKCC), together with thousands of people supporting this cause over the last 12 years we are committed to.

Walk Cancer Away began as a walk in honor of James N. Rentas. Deeply influenced by his loss due to colorectal cancer, the Rentas family came together 12 years ago to help others who are suffering the disease. Dr. Nancy Kemeny at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, who was the doctor treating James N. Rentas, mirrors that same goal. Her efforts and that of her team at MSKCC are focused on researching to overcome the disease and find a cure.

Together they have made great advancements over the years and have provided years of life for those facing adversity. In many cases, their continued efforts have led to full relief of the cancer in patients. With the deepest gratitude we are thankful to all those who support and participate in the event each year, because without you this would not be possible.

Although Walk Cancer Away started just 12 years ago, we are forever honored to be able to join in this event that so many of us find so close to our hearts. We ask you, your family, and your friends to join in this year's Walk Cancer Away Event.

【小题1】What does Walk Cancer Away intend to do?
A.To contact those suffering from cancer.B.To find a way to defeat cancer at length.
C.To give strength to cancer patients' family.D.To share experiences from cancer victims.
【小题2】According to paragraph 2, what can we learn about James N. Rentas?
A.He lost his family.B.He died of cancer.
C.He did research on cancer.D.He founded Walk Cancer Away.
【小题3】What does the underlined word "adversity" refer to in paragraph 3?
A.An unpleasant treatment.B.A loss of a family member.
C.A serious disease hard to cure.D.An unfavorable situation from nature.
【小题4】Why does the author make this speech?
A.To raise money for cancer research.B.To introduce the history of an event.
C.To call on people to join in the activity.D.To express thanks to all the participants.

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