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Here’s how the Pacific Northwest is preparing for “The Big One”. It’s the mother of all disaster drills for what could be the worst disaster in American history. California has spent years preparing for “The Big One”— the inevitable earthquake that will undoubtedly bring about all kinds of damage along the famous San Andreas fault. But what if the fault that runs along the Pacific Northwest delivers a gigantic earthquake of its own? If the people of the Cascadia region have anything to do with it, they won’t be caught unawares.

The region is engaged in a multi-day earthquake-and-tsunami drill involving around 20, 000 people. The Cascadia Rising drill gives area residents and emergency responders a chance to practice what to do in case of a 9. 0-magnitude earthquake and tsunami along one of the nation’s dangerous and underestimated faults.

The Cascadia Earthquake Zone is big enough to compete with San Andreas (it’s been called the most dangerous fault in America), but it’s much lesser known than its California cousin. Nearly 700 miles long, the earthquake zone is located by the North American Plate off the coast of Pacific British Columbia. Washington, Oregon and Northern California.

Cascadia is what’s known as a “megathrust” fault. Megathrusts are created in subduction zones(俯冲带)— plate tectonic(板块构造)boundaries where two plates converge(相交). In the areas where one plate is beneath another, stress builds up over time. During a megathrust event, all of that stress releases and some of the world’s most powerful earthquake occur. Remember the 9. I earthquake and tsunami in the Indian Ocean off Sumatra in 2004? It was caused by a megathrust event as the India plate moved beneath the Burma micro-plate.

The last time a major earthquake occurred along the Cascadia fault was in 1700, so officials worry that another event could occur any time. To prevent that event from becoming a severe disaster, first responders will join members of the public in rehearsals that involve communication, evacuation, search and rescue, and other possible situations.

Thousands of casualties(伤亡人员) are expected if a 9. 0 earthquake were to occur. First, the earthquake would shake metropolitan areas including Seattle and Portland. This could cause a tsunami that would create damage along the coast. Not all casualties can necessarily be prevented - but by coordinating across local, state, and even national borders, officials hope that the worst-case situation can be prevented. On the exercise’s website, officials explain that the report they prepare during this rehearsal will inform disaster management for years to come.

For hundreds of thousands of Cascadia residents, “The Big One” isn’t a question of if, only when. And it’s never too early to get ready for the inevitable.

【小题1】What does “The Big One” refer to?
A.A gigantic geological fault in America.
B.A large-scale drill to prepare for disasters.
C.A massive and destructive natural disaster.
D.Mass destruction caused by the earthquake.
【小题2】What is the purpose of the Cascadia Rising drill?
A.To prepare people for a major earthquake and tsunami.
B.To increase residents’awareness of upcoming disasters.
C.To teach people now how adapt to post-disaster life.
D.To cope with the aftermath of a possible earthquake.
【小题3】What happens in case of a megathrust earthquake according to the passage?
A.Two plates merge into one.B.A variety of forces converge.
C.Boundaries blur between plates.D.Enormous stress is released.
【小题4】What can we learn from the passage?
A.A large-scale drill is supposed to prevent deaths in the earthquake.
B.San Andreas fault once delivered a 9. 1 earthquake in the Indian Ocean.
C.No massive earthquake is expected to strike Califomia in the near future.
D.Disaster-relief efforts at different levels may help reduce possible losses.
22-23高二下·上海·期末
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HALIFAX, Nova Scotia — officials in Canada’s Atlantic Coast province of Nova Scotia said Saturday a wildfire that forced thousands of people to leave their homes over the past week is now largely controlled because of rain.     

David Steeves, a technician of forest resources, said the fire in the Halifax area is about 85% controlled, sits at 9.5 square kilometre and is unlikely to grow thanks to the firefighting efforts and long-awaited rain. The news was also good across the province, where Premier Tim Houston said the total number of active wildfires reduced from 10 in the morning to five by mid-afternoon. “If you step outside, you will see something beautiful, rain, and hopefully lots of it,” he told an afternoon briefing (简报).

The blaze that broke out Sunday in the Halifax area raced through a number of other places, burning up about 200 buildings — including 151 homes — and forcing the evacuation (疏散) of more than 16,000 people. Meanwhile, at the provincial wildfire centre in Shubenacadie, north of Halifax, about 20 Canadian Armed Forces soldiers stood in the pouring rain outside a light armored vehicle (装甲车). Lt. Col. Michael Blanchette said the soldiers had arrived on a “fact-finding task” to see what support was needed in the effort to fight the fires.

In Shelburne County, meanwhile, 6,700 people — about half the city’s population — remained out of their homes as the blaze that forced their evacuation continued to burn out of control.   

Dave Rockwood, a spokesman for the Department of Natural Resourees, said it remained to be seen that there would be no further growth and that firefighters could use more direct ways to control it. Two other fires which were considered out of control on Saturday morning were finally controled later in the day, he said.

【小题1】What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A.Rain helps firefighting a lot.
B.Something beautiful can be seen in the rain.
C.Nova Scotia’s fire was the largest recorded one in history.
D.The total number of active wildfires in Nova Scotia was 15.
【小题2】What does the underlined word “blaze” mean in Paragraph 3?
A.Rain.B.Finding.C.Task.D.Fire.
【小题3】What is Rockwood’s attitude towards the wildfire?
A.Careful.B.Positive.C.Angry.D.Frightened.
【小题4】What is the text?
A.A research paper.B.A diary entry.C.A news report.D.A disaster survey.

I think my hometown Belarus is a lucky place because it doesn't experience dangerous natural disasters such as volcano eruptions, earthquakes, or hurricanes.

However, sometimes spring floods happen in low areas of my town. It can be strong enough to damage crop fields, roads, and plants. Moreover, it is dangerous for the livestock which might die in the water. As you can see, a flood is rather harmful for the countryside.

In the summer time, hail and heavy rainstorms visit Belarus, but they never cause serious damage to buildings or people's deaths. Even though some trees or other plants might be uprooted or destroyed, people actually don't pay a lot of attention to these disasters because they don't occur very often.

In winter, we sometimes experience snowstorms with heavy snow and strong winds. Several years ago,for instance,people couldn't arrive at their jobs because a lot of snow was on the streets. Schools were closed on that day, but children weren't anxious about it. They really enjoyed the snow mountains outdoors.

As for me, I was unhappy about that day. My apartment building is located on a hill. It isn't big, so I had never had any problems with driving a car near my home. However, it took me almost two hours to arrive home from the foot of the hill because there was so much snow on the road that my car couldn't move. I had to ask people in the street to help me to push the car out of the snow. Later, when everything was over, my friends and I were laughing when we imagined how funny I was while pushing a heavy car.

As you may notice, natural disasters in my country depend on the seasons of the year. Although we experience several kinds of natural weather conditions, they are not very dangerous. And people often try to have fun during or after them.

【小题1】What happens in the spring in the author's town?
A.HurricanesB.FloodsC.RainstormsD.Snowstorms
【小题2】Why do people pay little attention to heavy rainstorms or hail in summer?
A.Because they are not common in the town.B.Because it never snows in the summer.
C.Because they cause no trouble to the livestock.D.Because there are few people in the town.
【小题3】What was the children's feeling towards the snowstorm in winter?
A.WorriedB.AlarmedC.ExcitedD.Encouraged
【小题4】What can we infer about the people in the town?
A.They are rude to strange people.B.They are fond of the cold life in winter.
C.They are unsatisfied with their life.D.They are willing to help others.

Venice sinking is no new news, but the low-lying Italian city is now more than 85 percent underwater after rainy weather with severe flooding has put the city in danger over the last few days.

The high waters, known as “acqua alta”, are the highest in 50 years, having reached 1. 87 meters, or just over six feet. The serious flooding this week is almost as high as record flood in 1972, reported to be the 2nd worst in history by Associated Press. A popular destination for travelers, the city’s most famous landmarks, including St. Mark’s Square, are underwater.

“Venice is still charming in the rain, but flooding is a different story,” Mindi and Daryl Hirsch of 2foodtrippers. com tell with Newsweek. “There’s nothing charming about walking through three feet of cold, smelly water. This type of water makes rain boots and galoshes useless.”

The travel-blogging couple had to walk in waist-high water after dinner and said that the situation felt dangerous. “We recommend that any travelers who experience similar flooding take warnings seriously. The city of Venice sounds an alarm when flooding is upcoming with the number of tones indicating the expected water level. This is the time to take cover and wait for the water to move back,” the couple said. “We think we’ll hear the alarm in our dreams for the next few years.”

Marco Amorico, president of Access Italy, a luxury tour company operating in Venice, recommends travelers avoid the flooded city until the water level returns to normal and to keep a close watch on the weather forecasts. “If plans to travel to Venice are immediate, I would tour around to Milan or Turin (where you can also enjoy Alba for their white truffles). If travel dates are more than a week away, I would monitor the situation and start looking at other cities like Rome and Florence. Italy is well connected by train and travel times are relatively short.”

【小题1】What do we know about the severe flooding in Venice this week?
A.The causes of the flooding are both low-lying location and rainy days.
B.All the people have moved out of the city because of danger.
C.The whole city has been flooded under water.
D.It is the most serious flooding in Venice in history.
【小题2】What do Mindi and Daryl Hirsch mean?
A.Although Venice is flooded, the city is beautiful for travelers.
B.Travelers will have a different exciting experience in Venice.
C.They are always concerned about the situation in the years to come.
D.They have no choice but to leave the city of Venice.
【小题3】What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.Travelers are forced to go to Milan and Turin.
B.Cities except Venice are also good choices for tourists.
C.The water level will return to normal very soon.
D.It is still easy and safe for tourists to go to Venice by train.
【小题4】Where can you probably read the passage?
A.A tour guide book.B.A science book.
C.A geography book.D.A news website.

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