Smiling is common body language. It plays an important role in our life. It has been generally accepted by experts that 93% of communication is without words, 55% through body language and 38% through the tone of voice. According to research, many people with hearing and sight loss may only receive 7% of the full meaning of a conversation.
From a personal point of view, this was brought to my attention through marrying a man who is blind. With other friends, I would make eye contact. But Bob, my husband, has gradually lost all his sight and cannot read body language any more. If I say something that sounds serious but is not meant that way, I would show my purpose by adding a smile. For example, if I said to a sighted friend, “You are terrible!” and smiled at him, he would know the message was not unkind. But if I said that to Bob, he might think I was unhappy with him. So, I avoid these misunderstandings by smiling with a sound! There are also some easy ways to have good communication with blind people.
When you meet them, introduce yourself by name. If you know their names, call their names and then they will know that you are speaking to them and not someone else. To further compel their attention, gently touch their upper arms with your hand. If you are leaving, say you are going away. Nobody likes to find that they have been speaking to an empty space. It all sounds simple but is helpful for the blind.
【小题1】The first paragraph tells us that _________.A.Half of communication is body language. |
B.Words make up a big part of communication. |
C.People cannot get any message without body language. |
D.The blind cannot get the full meaning of a conversation. |
A.read body language very clearly | B.lost his sight little by little |
C.became completely blind suddenly | D.misunderstood her smile all the time |
A.to attract | B.to turn away | C.to forget | D.to mix |
A.Speaking loudly. | B.Going away without making a sound. |
C.Touching them to start a conversation. | D.Smiling at them during a conversation. |
A.Common Body Language | B.Simple Things Are Helpful |
C.Smile at the Blind More Often | D.Communication with the Blind |
Donald Watson was a man who thought very much about the food he ate. He was born in Yorkshire, England, in September 1910. And he died in November 2005, at the age of 95. That is a very great age. Watson explained that it was because he never ate any food from animals.
When he was a boy, Watson stayed on a farm. He loved to see the animals. He said that they gave so much to people. And all the animals were so friendly. Then, one day, he saw a man killing a pig. He was very sad. From then on, Watson decided that he would never again eat meat. Twenty years later he decided that he wouldn’t eat anything from animals, such as milk, cheese or eggs. He became a vegan (素食主义者).
Watson formed a group called “The Vegan Society”. The Vegan Society thought it was terrible and wrong to eat food from animals. At first, there were not many people who agreed with him. They thought it was crazy to do it. Most people thought it was too difficult and unhealthy. However, over time, more and more people began to agree with Watson and The Vegan Society.
People become vegans for many reasons. Watson and his friends stopped eating because they loved animals. They believed that it was wrong to hurt another living thing.
Now, people also become vegans for environmental reasons. Keeping animals takes a lot of resources (资源), including water and food. Also, in some places, people are cutting down trees to create more land for cows. By avoiding food from animals, vegans hope to protect these forest areas.
Finally, just like Watson, some people believe that being a vegan is healthier. They believe that food from animals causes heart problems, a high body weight and many other health problems.
【小题1】What do we know about Watson from the first two paragraphs?A.He enjoyed a very long life for being a vegan. |
B.He owned a farm with a lot of animals. |
C.He didn’t like eating meat by birth. |
D.He became a vegan at 20. |
A.agreeing with Watson |
B.eating food from animals |
C.avoiding food from animals |
D.forming “The Vegan Society” |
A.they have many health problems |
B.they think keeping animals costs too much |
C.they love animals and want to keep them |
D.they want to save resources and protect the environment |
A.Donald Watson: A New Way to Eat |
B.Vegans’ Opinions on Health |
C.Animal Protection in England |
D.The Vegan Society |
Sam Boakye was a freshman at Ohio State University and the only black student on his floor. He was determined to get good grades — in part to make sure his white roommate had no basis for negative racial views. "You're pushed to do better, to challenge the stereotype that black people are not that smart," he told the New York Times.
Several recent studies have found that having a roommate of a different race can reduce prejudice(偏见), diversify(使多样化) friendships and even promote students’ academic performance. In a study by Ohio State psychology professor Russell Fazio, black freshmen who came to college with high test scores earned better grades if they had a white roommate—even if the roommate’s test scores were low. Another study on student interaction by Duke University suggests that freshmen with roommates of a different race were the most likely to diversify their friendships. “Just having diversity in classrooms doesn’t do anything to increase interracial friendships,” said Claudia Buchman, an author of the Duke study. “But living together with a different-race roommate does lead to more interracial friendships.”
There are, however, some problems with such room assignments. Fazio’s study found that three times as many randomly(随机地) assigned interracial roommates weren’t living together at the end of the semester, compared with white roommates. Interracial roommates also spent less time together, had fewer joint activities and were less involved with each other’s friends than white pairs.
As for Boakye, this is not the case. “A lot of white students come without much exposure(暴露)to diversity, so when their first interaction with a black guy isn’t bad, they will make more black friends. I think I made a good impression on my freshman roommate. I saw him this year, and he said, ‘Hey dude, you’re not the only black friend I have.’ That felt good.”
【小题1】Having a roommate of a different race can have the following benefits EXCEPT ________.
A.making more friends |
B.reducing prejudice |
C.earning better grades |
D.improving physical health |
A.he wanted to prove he was a smart boy |
B.he intended to please his parents |
C.he wished to earn the scholarship |
D.he wanted to show black people are as smart as white people |
A.got along well with his white roommate |
B.shared fewer joint activities with his white roommate |
C.had a negative attitude towards his white roommate |
D.is still living together with his freshman white roommate |
A.the interracial friendship |
B.some problems with having an interracial roommate |
C.some comments on the interracial roommates |
D.the interaction between the black student and the white student |
My wife and I were at a crowded grocery store not long ago. It was a weekday evening, cold and wet and tense. People were carelessly blocking aisles, complaining and cutting one another off with their carts. At one point, two women quarreled for several minutes in the freezer section.
Things got worse at the checkout line. The cashier scanned a man’s discount card, but he misread the savings on her screen as an additional charge. He decided she was acting on purpose and began to argue.
Other customers looked away as the cashier tried to reason with him. She called a manager, who took him to customer service. Shaken, she moved to the next customer in line.
We’ve all witnessed uncomfortable scenes like this in public places. My reaction when I see them is both personal and professional. I am a data analyst and sociologist who studies how and why people interact with one another — or why they choose not to. To me, the grocery scene was another example of how our trust in others has disappeared. But it was also a teachable moment on how we can rebuild our faith — starting with just one person.
Therefore, my wife and I reached the disturbed cashier. I grabbed a bottle of water from a nearby cooler and handed it to her. We learned her name was Beth.
“We felt bad about how that man treated you and wanted to buy this for you.” I said.
Beth’s face lit up, and we talked as she scanned our items. She told us she had been working that evening through severe foot pain and would be having surgery later that week. We wished her well in her recovery, and she thanked us as we left.
That is the balancing act, the moment of countering social and emotional pain with healing, that will add up to restore trust across the United States. You can start that pattern in someone else’s life, even in a place as ordinary as the neighborhood grocery store.
【小题1】By describing the arguments, the author wants to show________.A.the job as a cashier is not easy | B.people in the U.S are unfriendly |
C.arguments in public are very common | D.trust in each other has worn off |
A.Sad and regretful. | B.Sorry and embarrassed. |
C.Cheerful and rewarded. | D.Grateful and relieved. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Optimistic. | C.Uncaring. | D.Cautious. |
A.A Miserable Cashier | B.A Helping Hand |
C.Learning to Trust Again | D.Starting a new life |
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