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Mont Kilimaniaro is among Africa’s most breathtaking sites, but hard times have come to the plains below. Death is all around and it’s tragic to behold. The cause is a lack of rainfall in a land where on the contrary there is still plenty of water. Underground springs fed by snowmelt from the mountain, still create swamps(沼泽). The problem is that the absence of rain means grasses and other essential plants are not growing, and the animals that depend on them are dying from a lack of nutrition.

The elephant herds here are among the most successful in the continent. They’re closely monitored and conservationists have given them names. But even these great beasts are dying too, what is for the smaller ones?

A drought induced hunger. Since the start of June almost 60 elephant deaths have been recorded. More than half calves were killed by starvation due to their mothers’ failure to produce milk. Tolstoy, a male, was named after Russian. He was 5-year-old at the time of his death. And he was one of the greatest tuskers like one of the greatest alive.

Very sad story. There are some of the last relatively undisturbed elephants in Africa. While poaching(偷猎)has been destructive elsewhere,these animals have been largely spared. Right now, however, the problem they face here is a drier climate which poses the greatest threat to their survival.

There are plenty of people here who care deeply about these elephants, but the sad truth is that conservationists are powerless to stop the dying. Only fresh rainfall and new plant growth can do that. We are waiting for the rains. If the rains don’t come before the end of the year, the death rate will only increase.

【小题1】What do we know about Mont Kilimaniaro from the passage?
A.Mount Kilimaniaro is the most exciting site in Africa.
B.Due to a lack of rainfall, grasses can’t grow well there.
C.All the animals there are dying from a lack of nutrition.
D.There is little water on the plains of Mont Kilimaniaro.
【小题2】What does the underlined word “induced” mean in paragraph 3?
A.Caused.B.Distinguished.C.Guaranteed.D.Determined.
【小题3】What can be inferred from the sad story of Tolstoy?
A.Elephants all died from poaching.
B.Tolstoy was named after Russian.
C.Animals suffered a lot from hunger.
D.Tolstoy was one of the greatest tuskers alive.
【小题4】What can be the best title for the text?
A.Poaching: A Danger to Animals
B.Elephants: Great Beasts Facing Death
C.Mont Kilimaniaro: A Death Place for Animals
D.Dry Climate: A Great Threat to Plants and Animals
23-24高二上·湖南益阳·期末
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Spring is in the air, as is romance. Perhaps you're even thinking of taking the plunge and making a honey trip with your significant other?

Before you do, why not take a look at a list of the top three places in the world to propose (求婚)? With suggestions for traditionalists and private types, you just might find the perfect spot to pop the question.

New York

If you pay attention to romantic comedies, New York is the place for romance. Ever since the Dutch first entered this harbor in 1624 it has become a historic landmark and a must visit dreamland.

Every stretch of this island is packed full of fun that will keep everyone busy. Take a leaf out of sleepless in Seattle and head to the top of the Empire State Building at night, or how about run to your loved one on the streets of NYC this New Years even like in when harry Met Sally?

Paris

Sweeping views? Check. Grand old stately home? Check. Luxurious spots to propose? Check. Pack your passports and say goodbye to your daily routine life-it's less than three hours to Paris from London by Eurostar. Famous for its breathtaking architecture, and many cultural attractions, France's capital is a must-see destination. While we're not suggesting you climb the Eiffel Tower for the big moment. There's a reason why this is the city of love, if you keep your proposal original. So gentleman, take your lady to the Louvre, turn your back on the Mona Lisa and declare she is more beautiful than the famous work of art.

Las Vegas

Do you want to bundle the proposal and wedding all-in-one? Plead to. Las Vegas, get down on one knee, show your love and get married in less time than it takes to order 'honeymoon suit’ and if it doesn't work out. There's still plenty of entertain. Once the playground of the rich and famous, from Elvis Presley to Marilyn Monroe, Las Vegas now attracts millions of visitors by its bright lights and thrills each year. Whether you're to try your luck at the casinos (赌场), or watch a show, there's a wonder to explore in Las Vegas.

【小题1】Which of the following city on the top-3 list would be the ideal place for film fans to propose?
A.New YorkB.Paris.
C.Las Vegas.D.None.
【小题2】Which place is recommended for a proposal in the passage?
A.On the top of the Eiffel TowerB.In the Eurostar train from London
C.Any luxurious spot in PairsD.In front of the Mona Lisa in the Louvre
【小题3】As a perfect place for propose, Las Vegas will provide you with all the following EXCEPT.
A.a honeymoon suiteB.a package wedding
C.a bundle of flowersD.various ways to entertain

A pacer is someone who runs in races or marathons to help set the pace for runners. There are different types of pacers. A race pacer usually carries a sign highlighting a specific competition time for a race. He helps runners reach their goals without relying on technology, such as a smart watch or GPS. Professional pacers are used in long-distance races. They run at different sections of the race to inspire runners. A record pacer helps a professional runner set a new record, who often leads the race for a predetermined distance at a predetermined pace.

A runner being paced runs directly following a pacer. Having a pacer can be helpful for a long-distance runner because researches show that it takes more energy to lead in a race all through the race than to follow another runner. The pacer takes on the responsibility of timing and establishing the pace so the runner only has to focus on his own running. Having a pacer as a guide in a long race can take some of the stress and pressure off by keeping an even pace. The pacer may also provide encouragement along the way to work towards the goal.

There are times, though, when running with a pacer can be more stressful than beneficial for a runner — especially for amateur runners. Not having taken professional training, you set a goal to run a particular pace, but then you realize this may not be the best speed for you. In some cases, the pacer is running too quickly for what you can stand. Other times, you could misjudge your abilities and run a slower pace than what your body can bear.

It is important to note that you don’t have to stay with a pacer just because you started with him. If you feel strong at the end and want to finish faster, you can run ahead. Or if he is too fast, you could slow down and maybe even join the slower pace group behind you.

【小题1】What does a record pacer do?
A.He provides technical support.
B.He helps a runner keep the record.
C.He offers medical help to a runner.
D.He leads a professional runner at a speed set beforehand.
【小题2】What does the underlined word “amateur” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Injured.B.Legendary.C.Unprofessional.D.Graceful.
【小题3】What advice does the author give us in the last paragraph?
A.Changing pacers from time to time.
B.Following the pacer strictly all through the race.
C.Giving up something and preparing for a breakthrough.
D.Listening to your body and doing what feels right for you.
【小题4】In which section of a website can the text be found?
A.Sport and fitness.B.Science and technology.
C.History and culture.D.Health and lifestyle.

The cold, wet weather of winter often puts out any wildfires that are still burning, but not in the far North areas, such as Alaska, Canada, and other parts of North America. Some forest fires just don’t die in these places. Think of the fires as “zombies” (僵尸): Scientists do. When summers are warmer than normal, some fires can hide through the winter. They burn dead plant matter and soils under snow. In May 2021, scientists reported their work to a scientific journal. The scientists saw that zombie fires are rare but they could become more common as the world warms, the study warns.

“Some years, new fires were starting very close to the previous year’s fire,” explains Rebecca Scholten. She studies Earth and environmental sciences at Vrije University Amsterdam in the Netherlands. The new fires made scientists wonder how often fires might survive the winter. The scientists started by combing through firefighter reports. Then they compared these with satellite images of Alaska and northern Canada. The scientists looked for fires that began close to fires from the year before. They also focused on blazes starting before the middle of summer. Random lightning or human actions spark most fires in the area, Scholten says. But those fires happen later in the year.

Zombie fires accounted for less than 1 percent of the total area burned by fires from 2002 to 2018. But it changed from year to year. Take 2008, for example. A zombie fire burned Alaska that year. It caused almost one-third of fire damage that year. One clear pattern emerged: Zombie fires were more likely to happen after very warm summers. High temperatures may allow fires to reach more deeply into the soil. Such deep burns are more likely to survive to spring.

The zombie fire threat could grow. The climate is warming. Forests in the far North already are warming faster. “We’re seeing more hot summers and more large fires and intense burning,” Scholten says. Plus, zombie fires could cause more issues. The fires release huge amounts of greenhouse gases. These trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere. The atmosphere is a layer of gases that surround the Earth. Scholten’s research could help fire management. Firefighters would know to check for them after warm summers.

【小题1】What may lead to zombie fires according to the passage?
A.wet weatherB.hotter summers
C.low temperaturesD.cold winters
【小题2】What can we learn about zombie fires from Paragraph 2?
A.Where flames broke out provided the clue.
B.Changing climate plays a role in the zombie fire threat.
C.Zombie fires are less likely to happen after very warm summers.
D.It is of little use comparing firefighter reports with satellite images.
【小题3】What conclusion will be possibly made based on the last paragraph?
A.It is important to understand zombie fires.
B.Zombie fires are likely to be under control soon.
C.Firefighters cannot do much to stop the zombie fires.
D.We still have much to learn about the warming climate.
【小题4】Which of the following could be the suitable title of the passage?
A.“Zombie“ wildfires do great damage to land
B.“Zombie” wildfires release greenhouse gases
C.“Zombie“ wildfires sparked by human actions
D.“Zombie” wildfires reappear after wintering underground

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