The Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, completed in 1436, is the most important landmark in Florence, Italy, and the fourth largest church in the world.
The most famous part of the church is the dome (穹顶). It was created by the genius of the Renaissance (文艺复兴), Filippo Brunelleschi, who showed a great mastery of technical knowledge. Interestingly, Brunelleschi had been a trained goldsmith (金匠) and had never built anything in his life before building the masterpiece. This may sound crazy, but in many ways we look at the relation between Brunelleschi and the church, it seemed that he was “the chosen one” to complete the construction.
When he was born in 1377, the church had been under construction for 80 years with no solution to the dome-shaped roof. The building of the church had grown so larger and grander than the original plans that no one had any idea how it would or could be done. In 1418 a public competition was announced for the construction of the dome. Of course, there was the possibility of building the dome with a wooden structure to support it, but that would end up being costly requiring over 400 trees, lots of manpower and time. When Brunelleschi entered the competition, he was the only one with an idea that did not use wood, which caught the attention of the judges. Brunelleschi did many mathematical calculations and invented a lot of new tools and machines for the project, which was started two years after he won the competition. He finished the dome in only sixteen years, which was shockingly fast back in his time.
Always known as a secretive person, Brunelleschi didn’t leave a single building plan, drawing, or even a letter behind on how he managed to come up with such an amazing design. For years, the structure was a huge mystery about how the dome was built.
【小题1】Why did the church remain unfinished for a long time?A.It was waiting for the chosen one for the task. | B.It went too far away from the original plan. |
C.The wood, labor and time were not enough. | D.The tools and machines had not been invented. |
A.He was a trained goldsmith. | B.He had a gift for invention. |
C.He raised a different design. | D.He was good at calculation. |
A.1418. | B.1420. | C.1434. | D.1436. |
A.Not outgoing in personality. | B.Creative in imagination. |
C.Not afraid when making decisions. | D.Energetic when working. |
Some people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Take my family’s last vacation or example. It was my six-year-old son’s winter break from school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. I had meetings in New York, so I had to get back. But that didn’t mean my husband and my son couldn’t stay. I took my nine-month-old and took off for home.
The next day, my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouraged - okay, ordered them to wait it out at the airport, to “earn” more Delta Dollars. Our total take: $1,600. Not bad, huh?
Now some people may think I’m a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.
I’ve made a living looking for the best deals and exposing the worst tricks. I have been the consumer reporter of NBC’s Today Show for over a decade. I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide. And I really do what I believe in.
I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth. I’m also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldn’t hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps longer, and it’s the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts.
【小题1】Why did Delta give the author’s family credits?A.They had early bookings. | B.They took a later flight. |
C.Their flight had been delayed. | D.Their flight had been cancelled. |
A.She rarely misses a good deal. | B.She seldom makes a compromise. |
C.She is very strict with her children. | D.She is interested in cheap products. |
A.She’s a housewife. | B.She’s a writer. |
C.She’s a media person. | D.She’s a business woman. |
A.How to expose bad tricks. | B.How to reserve airline seats. |
C.How to make a business deal. | D.How to spend money wisely. |
Today, Alain still climbs buildings. In 2003 , he climbed a building in London dressed as Spiderman(蜘蛛人) to advertise the movie. In 2004, he climbed Taipei 101 (one of the tallest buildings in the world). To reach the top of a building, Alain uses only his hands and special shoes. He has no rope or other safety tools.
Alain climbs as a hobby. He also does it to make money for
【小题1】The main idea of this passage is ________.
A.climbing buildings is easy |
B.Alain Robert is afraid of heights |
C.you can control your fears |
A.his hands and special shoes |
B.special tools |
C.his hands only |
A.享受 | B.休闲 | C.慈善 | D.消费 |
A.for fun and for his health |
B.for charity and for his job |
C.for charity and for hobby |
A.Practice climbing buildings. |
B.Tell yourself "I can do it.” |
C.If something bad happens, then stop. |
When I was a child,my parents often took me to an old house in a thick forest.No other children ever stayed there.I didn’t even have the choice of playing with a brother or sister.
I could never understand what the attraction of the house was,even for my parents,who enjoyed nothing better than to sit in silence with a good book.The woman in the house,my father’s distant cousin,was a terrible cook and her food was inedible.
One day,when I was wandering around the garden behind the house,I noticed a wooden house which had clearly been abandoned.As I walked towards it,I heard a noise,like an animal moving hurriedly away.Then I saw a man with a long beard standing at the door.I was greatly surprised.
“Please don’t tell them you saw me,” he said.“They never use this place,and I have nowhere else to live.” “Don’t worry,” I said.“I won’t tell anyone.But are you all right out here?I mean—do you have enough to eat?” The old man shook his head.
The same evening,I took a small plastic bag into the dining room and,while no one was looking,emptied some of the food into it.Later,I got out of the back door secretly and gave the food to the old man,whose name I had discovered was Taff.
I had never seen anything else as lovely as the smile of satisfaction on Taff’s face when he ate the food.From then on,my visits to the old house had a purpose,and I enjoyed every minute of the rest of my stay.
【小题1】How did the writer feel about staying in the old house at first?A.He was happy to be with his parents. |
B.He enjoyed reading good books there. |
C.He was pleased with the woods. |
D.He felt very lonely. |
A.too bad for him to eat |
B.nice to look at |
C.not enough to eat |
D.as delicious as usual |
A.He was poor and hungry. |
B.He helped to repair the old house. |
C.He liked to play hide-and-seek with the writer. |
D.He raised many animals. |
A.it’s nice to raise wild animals |
B.it’s valuable to help others |
C.it’s good to live in the forest |
D.it’s comfortable to live in the old house |
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