Many students think about how to best spend their time while studying, But what comes before study sessions can be important too-especially if you want to improve your memory of what you have learned. There are some useful, no-cost things you can do before you study to improve your memory and learning.

Before you study, doing cardiovascular exercise (有氧运动) may help you better remember what you learn. In a 2018 study, published in the journal Physiology and Behavior, researchers found that a group of young people who did 15 minutes of cardiovascular exercise remembered more words. Some studies have also shown cardiovascular exercise can help improve the memories of older people.

Location is also important for improving your learning. Some research suggests that changing where you study could help you remember more of what you study. Our memories sometimes depend on things in our environment. Researchers found that environmental context played a big part in how well people remembered words. The researchers noted that subjects who learned from a list remembered an average of 15.9 words, while subjects who learned in two different contexts remembered an average of 24.4 words.

Another way you can improve your study session is taking a pre-study test. Students often consider the test the final step to show how much they have learned. But, students need to test themselves often. Testing is one of the best ways to make yourself remember new information. In 2018, researchers found that students who took a test before learning new material did much better after studying the material. The students failed on the tests, but they were better able to remember the material than students who were only asked to read the information.

If you want to take charge as a parent, stop trying to control your child. By focusing on the reactions you have to your child’s behavior rather than the behavior itself, you can create conscious parent-child relationships. 【小题1】 Too often parents get caught up in unnecessary power struggles with their children, forgetting to connect with or understand them.

So, how can you be a more conscious parent?

The first step is recognizing that shame and blame do not work. 【小题2】 It not only prevents you from connecting with your child but also prevents your child from connecting with their sense of inner security and worth. It’s better to view the parent-child relationship as a two-way partnership.

When your child refuses to eat carrots or clean their room, it’s easy to view this behavior as disrespectful. In fact, the child is not trying to disrespect you. 【小题3】 What you view as disrespectful often has more to do with your own feelings and experiences than your child’s behavior.

Parents can unknowingly write stories for their children about how they should behave and how their lives should look. You must recognize these fantasies first. Next, ask yourself, “Who would I be without this fantasy? ” 【小题4】

The difference between being in charge and being in control means managing your child’s environment instead of trying to control the child’s every action. Do you want your child to eat fewer sweets? 【小题5】 It’s better than repeatedly criticizing your child for eating cookies. Being aware of your child’s environment can better set you both up for understanding.

Many people can't imagine life without dogs. 【小题1】. However, dogs and people are very different animals. To make the most of your relationship with your dog, you need to teach her some important skills. Here are three essential principles to keep in mind while teaching.

【小题2】.

One of the most frequent complaints of pet parents is that their dogs "just won't listen". But put yourself in your dog's shoes for a moment. If someone was constantly speaking in a foreign language how long would you pay attention? Probably not for very long because you simply couldn't understand what the foreign speaker was trying to communicate. Thus, you need to understand how.

If you like the behavior, reward it.

Some training methods use punishment, like scolding, to discourage dogs from doing everything except what you want them to do. 【小题3】. While both strategies can work, the latter is usually the more effective approach, and it's also much more enjoyable for you and your dog.

Control consequences effectively

As you teach your dog dos and don'ts, bear the following two guideline in mind;

Consequences must be immediate. Dogs live in the present. Unlike us, they can't make connections between events and experiences that are separated in time. For your dog to connect something she does with the consequences of that behavior, the consequences must be immediate 【小题4】, you have to catch her messing around in the kitchen and punish her on the spot.

【小题5】. When training your dog, you should respond the same way to things she does every time she does them. For example, if you sometimes touch your dog when she jumps up to greet you but sometimes yell at her instead, she'll definitely get confused. How can she know when it's okay to jump up and when it's not?