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A new study shows girls and boys as young as seven have the choice of jobs with gender differences. Girls choose jobs based on care and love, while boys choose jobs based on money and power.

Professor Laura Scholes and Dr Sarah McDonald surveyed 332 Year 3 students from 14 Australian schools. They found that the top professions for boys included sports and STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) related jobs, while girls, on the other hand, wanted to be teachers or nurses.

Professor Scholes said the influence of gender stereotypes (刻板印象) on such choices begins in early childhood. “Bright pink toys for girls and blue toys for boys are sold on store shelves around the world.” she said, “In the boys’ section, you’ll find science, construction and warfare toys—perhaps a robot or a telescope. In the girls’ section, you’ll see toys related to cleaning, dolls, kitchens, makeup, jewellery and crafts.”

“This results in lower numbers of girls taking STEM subjects at school. In turn, this means fewer women are going to work in the sciences.” Professor Scholes’s comments came as women make up only 2 percent of the STEM workforce, with the biggest gap in the highest-paid jobs of computer science and engineering.

In Australia, some brands are no longer targeting boys or girls with their toys. Danish toy giant Lego last week announced that they would remove gender stereotypes from their toys, after a global study found that 71 percent of boys feared being made fun of for playing with toys marketed at girls. Lego said its products were mainly used by boys, but it promised to work to remove gender preference from its toys and instead market them for both genders.

【小题1】Which of the following jobs do the boys tend to choose?
A.ProgrammersB.TeachersC.NursesD.Dressers
【小题2】Why do fewer girls choose STEM subjects according to Professor Scholes?
A.Because of the influence of gender stereotypes.
B.Because of their desire to be teachers or nurses.
C.Because of their hobbies based on care and love.
D.Because the jobs concerned with sciences are low-paid.
【小题3】What did some brands do in Australia?
A.Advertise their products for boys.
B.Advertise their products for both genders.
C.Target boys or girls with their products.
D.Using gender stereotypes from their toys.
【小题4】Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A.Fewer girls choose STEM subjects
B.Clever children love STEM subjects
C.Brands target children with their toys based on gender
D.Gender differences affect job choosing for children
22-23高一下·山东临沂·期中
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Online thrift (节俭) store thredUP has released its tenth annual Resale Report. The study, which assesses trends in the secondhand clothing industry, has an obviously positive tone. Resale is booming in the United States, as well as globally, and the secondhand market in the US is expected to more than double by 2026, reaching an impressive valuation of $82 billion.

This is serious growth that indicates a real shift in the way people approach shopping for clothes. For most, it’s a way to save money in an inflationary (通货膨胀) economy. Forty-four percent of shoppers say they’re cutting back on buying clothing-more than any category apart from restaurants. Some say secondhand is enabling them to keep enjoying the brands they love.

When choosing what to buy, people are increasingly careful about what can be resold. More than one-fifth of Gen Z (网络新生代) shoppers said they’ll pay more for an item that they know they can resell, and 36% of Gen Z shoppers stock and clear their closets at the same monthly or weekly rate. More than half resold clothing last year. As resale becomes more accessible thanks to mobile technology and online platforms, increasing numbers of customers are keen to turn over their closets, which fuels the industry and keeps the market full of fresh finds, bringing people back for more.

Secondhand helps to relieve people’s climate-related concerns. Thrifting is far better for the environment than buying new. As thredUP reported in 2021,buying used reduces an item’s carbon footprint by 82%. Choosing used over new displaces 17.4 pounds of CO2 emissions. It requires far less water and energy to produce, and it spares that item from going to landfill, where it will break down and give off methane, a greenhouse gas more powerful than CO2.

It’s great to hear such positive news. Thrifting is a no-brainer, when you stop to think about it-well-made and good-looking fashion that helps the planet while saving us money. The more mainstream it can get, the better off we’ll all be.

【小题1】What does the booming of resale mean to most shoppers according to the text?
A.Reducing expenses.
B.Bringing down inflation.
C.Focusing less on brands.
D.Eating out more in restaurants.
【小题2】What promotes the development of the resale industry?
A.Scientific development makes resale easier and more convenient.
B.Many Gen Z shoppers choose used over new.
C.Buying used has become a mainstream.
D.Cleaning the closets is more frequent.
【小题3】What’s the author’s attitude to the resale of secondhand clothing?
A.Disapproving.B.Objective.
C.Doubtful.D.Favorable.
【小题4】What’s the best title for the text?
A.Secondhand Clothing Improves Climate
B.Secondhand Market Benefits Americans
C.ThredUP Released A New Resale Report
D.Secondhand Clothing Is A Hot Market

6 ways our post-pandemic (疫情后) world will be different

The future has never been easy to forecast, and the coronavirus makes life even more unpredictable. To gather informed views on how we most likely will live, learn, work, and communicate when we reach the new normal, National Geographic interviewed a range of experts and leaders.

New Ways to Learn

【小题1】 Although equal access to tech remains a barrier, tools will be designed that may bridge divides. Students will use technology to help with homework, set goals, and measure progress.

Balance Work and Life

The future of work won’t be fully remote, but it won’t be limited to offices, either. It’ll be a mixture. Smaller offices will be centers for occasional in-person collaboration, while improved digital tools—such as better video chatting—will support workers at home. Besides, more emphasis on balancing productivity with personal needs will allow employees to organize their work hours to fit their schedules. 【小题2】

Tech Leads the Way

Broadband(宽带) access has never been equal. 【小题3】 Yet advances in high-speed 5G telecom networks will fuel an increase in fields from telemedicine to banking, education, and transportation. This will be a tidal wave of change. More efficient networks will reduce costs and help small businesses affected by the pandemic reach new customers and grow.

Get Out and Stay Out

U. S. national parks saw dramatic drops in visitors last spring—but then numbers exploded this spring, as did sales for RVs and bikes. 【小题4】 People are going outdoors more often this year and also shifting from adventure sports requiring travel—skiing, climbing, backpacking—to closer-to-home activities such as bird-watching, gardening, and bike riding.

【小题5】

Public concern in the United States about global warming hit an all-time high last November, according to researchers at Yale and George Mason Universities. Large majorities of Americans think human-caused global warming is real, and they feel worried and even personally responsible. Surprisingly, a survey in April found that COVID-19 hadn’t replaced concern over the climate—though it had reduced media coverage of it.

A.Remote Possibilities
B.One Planet, Two Crises
C.Therefore, flexibility will be the ultimate job benefit.
D.The pandemic exposed that divide.
E.One positive aspect of schools closing may be how districts are innovating to improve learning from home.
F.Many cities have closed streets to make room for outdoor dining, public events, and parks.
G.The Internet has made it possible for millions of people to work remotely, but it’s put us at risk of cyber- attacks.

Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street? Perhaps they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name — phubbers(低头族).

Recently, a cartoon made by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities(身份)are buried in their phones. A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die, a pretty woman takes selfie(自拍照)in front of a car accident site, and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events eventually destroys the world.

Although the ending sounds overstated(夸大), the damage phubbing can bring is real. Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it. “Continuously stretching(伸展) your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck,”   Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying. “the neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching.” Also, staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.

But that’s not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. At reunions with family or friends, many people stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.

It can also cost you your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed(抢劫) of their cell phones in broad daylight.

【小题1】The author gives the example of a cartoon in Paragraph 2 _________.
A.to advertise the cartoon made by students.
B.to inform people of the bad effects of phubbing.
C.to show the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers.
D.to warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients.
【小题2】Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “be buried in” ?
A.hideB.use
C.coverD.pay all attention to
【小题3】A phubber may have all the possible problems except_________.
A.His social skills could be affected.
B.His neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed.
C.He will cause the destruction of the world.
D.He might get separated from his friends and family.
【小题4】The author’s attitude towards phubbing is _________.
A.negative(消极的).B.supportive.
C.positive.D.objective(客观的).
【小题5】What may the passage talk about next?
A.Advice on how to use a cell phone.B.People addicted to phubbing.
C.Consequences of phubbing.D.Measures to reduce the risks of phubbing.

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