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For most of us, walking is something we do automatically. It doesn’t require much effort, so many of us fail to remember the benefits of walking for health.

Physical activity doesn’t need to be hard. Whether you’re regularly active or not, even a quick ten-minute daily walk can deliver a host of health benefits. But what happens if we stop walking ahead and start challenging our brains and bodies by walking backwards? Not only does this change of direction demand more of our attention, but it may also bring additional health benefits.

One of the most well-studied benefits of walking backwards is improving stability and balance. Walking backwards can improve how a person walks and balance for healthy adults and those with knee problems. Walking backwards causes us to take shorter, more frequent steps, leading to improve the muscles of the lower legs. But the benefits of changing direction aren’t just that—an interest in backwards movement has led researchers to discover various other benefits. While normal walking can help us maintain a healthy weight, walking backwards may be even more effective. Energy expenditure when walking backwards is almost 40 percent higher than walking at the same speed forwards, with one study showing reductions in body fat for women who completed a six-week backwards walk.

Walking backwards is simple, but that doesn’t mean it’s easy. So, how can you add walking backwards into your exercise plan? When walking backwards, we’re more likely to crash into something or fall over, so in the interest of safety, it’s best to start indoors where you won’t crash into someone or outside in a flat, open area. Look over your shoulder. Keep your head and chest upright while reaching back with your big toe for each step, rolling through the foot from toe to heel. Once you become more confident walking backwards, you can begin to speed things up.

【小题1】Why does the author mention “the benefits of walking” in the beginning ?
A.To introduce the benefits of walking.B.To show people’s lack of exercise.
C.To lead us to “walking backwards”.D.To tell us the importance of walking.
【小题2】What does the underlined word “expenditure” mean ?
A.Increase.B.Consumption.C.Experiment.D.Construction.
【小题3】What does the fourth paragraph talk about?
A.When is safe to walk backwards?B.Why should we walk backwards?
C.How can we start walking backwards?D.What’s the weakness of walking backwards?
【小题4】What is the best title for the passage ?
A.Physical Activity Is Easy And Simple.
B.Walking Backwards Is Really Good For You.
C.Walking Doesn’t Require Any Special Equipment.
D.Walking Ahead Challenges Our Brains and Bodies.
22-23高一下·山东枣庄·期中
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Being fit and healthy doesn’t mean you have to work out for hours a day and eat nothing but chicken and vegetables for every meal. 【小题1】 The following are some of them.

You always complain you are too busy to go to the gym or to prepare a healthy meal. 【小题2】 You should start to put your health and fitness in the first place today. You can work out in the park and cook your favourite food after work. What you should do first is stop making excuses all the time.

You should walk more instead of driving a car when going out. The key to lifelong fitness is to simply be more active and walk more every day. Try your best to walk whenever and wherever you can —to the superstore, to the office, or go for an after-dinner walk with your family. 【小题3】

Instead of always going to the movies or watching TV, you should take part in activities that keep you moving. You can go for a bike ride, go on a hike, or go to play sports with your family and friends, such as ping-pong and basketball. 【小题4】 Not only will you get moving, but also you will have fun.

【小题5】 Many people underestimate the importance of a good night’s rest, but having a good rest each night is important for your health. Therefore, try to sleep seven to eight hours a night on a regular basis.

A.The list is endless.
B.Find ways to be close to nature.
C.Enough sleep is especially important.
D.Of course it’s not always possible to go to the gym.
E.However, for your health, you have to make a change.
F.In short, take every chance to walk as much as you can.
G.Actually, there are many good habits that will help you keep in shape.

Physical education, or gym class, isn’t required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons. But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”.

Today many people don’t do sports. But as is known to all, doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.

High school isn’t that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress. Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school.

The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity(肥胖症). Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger. The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around, such as video games and computer activities, means many teens don’t get their required exercise. Physical education classes act as a public health measure to encourage activity and help teens have healthy weights.

Inactivity(不活跃) increases teens’ risk of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes towardtreating medical conditions that can be hindered by lifestyle changes, according to the American College of Sports Medicine.

According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic(学业的) performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study,did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.

【小题1】According to Paragraph 2, what role does physical education play in high school?
A.Helping teens learn to make good plans.
B.Relieving the stress faced by teens at school.
C.Making teens pay more attention to exercise later.
D.Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise.
【小题2】What can we infer from the passage?
A.Most high school students are harmed by stress.
B.American teens get 60 minutes’ exercise per day to control weight.
C.Video games help many teens to get required exercise.
D.Doing sports can help the students live a happier life at school.
【小题3】What does the underlined word “hindered” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A.Prevented.
B.Measured.
C.Worsened.
D.Caused.
【小题4】What is the text mainly about?
A.How high school students can live a happier life.
B.How schools can help students love doing sports.
C.Why some schools consider physical education important.
D.Why high school students should receive physical education.

Marathon Courses in the US

·AlA Marathon

Where:Fort Lauderdale, Florida

When:February 18

Why run it:If you want a fast course but don’t like downhill running, the flat and scenic A1A Marathon might be the one for you. You’ll feel the ocean breezes (微风) and see the maple trees as you run along one of the most famous roads in America. The race also features plenty of on-course entertainment, a beach-themed finisher medal, and a post-race beach party with food, drink and live music.

·Pocono Mountain Run for the Red Marathon

Where:Pocono Mountains, Pennsylvania

When:May 20

Why run it:The course begins at roughly 1,946 feet above sea level-the highest point on the 26.2-mile route. From there, it’s smooth sailing down the mountain, where you’ll finish at a height of 400 feet. The marathon is held every May when trees and flowers are starting to bloom, making this course scenic.

·Newport Marathon

Where:Newport, Oregon

When:June 2

Why run it:The Newport Marathon starts at about 60 feet above sea level and has few gently rolling hills through a nice neighborhood. The steepest hill you’ll come across is 40 feet at Mile 4. The flat marathon route hugs the Yaquina Bay for much of the race, providing you with amazing views of the water. Make sure you sign up for it early—the Newport Marathon limits the number of entries in an effort to keep the race more fun.

·Bank of America Chicago Marathon

Where:Chicago, Illinois

When:October 7

Why run it:The Chicago Marathon is a flat, fast marathon, so it’s a great one to do if you’ve never run a marathon. The course offers a scenic tour of Chicago as it weaves through several diverse neighborhoods and dozens of local and historic landmarks. You’ll see all that is great about the city of Chicago while being supported by tons of screaming fans.

【小题1】What is special about A1A Marathon?
A.It is run along the ocean.
B.It is not only flat but also scenic.
C.It ends up with a social gathering.
D.It is held once every year in the US.
【小题2】Which course may refuse you despite your strong interest in it?
A.A1A Marathon.B.Newport Marathon.
C.Bank of America Chicago Marathon.D.Pocono Mountain Run for the Red Marathon.
【小题3】What is the similarity of the four courses?
A.They all start from high mountains.
B.They are all intended for strong people.
C.They value the safety of the participants.
D.They combine running with good scenery.

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