One summer midnight several years ago, standing outside a wooden cabin in Michigan River, I looked up. The sky was filled with thousands of stars, the sight of which was almost enough to make me, a non-believer, offer a word of ___________ up into the star-filled sky. But to whom? Perhaps to Johan Eklof, author of The Darkness Manifesto.
As a bat scientist, Eklof’s work on bats requires a specific kind of darkness—the ___________kind, unpolluted by light. But this category of darkness is ___________. In the 1980s, Eklof tells readers, two-thirds of the churches in Sweden’s southwest housed bat colonies. Not any longer. “Today, forty years later, research I’ve done with my colleagues shows that this number has been reduced by a third, ___________ light pollution and other factors. Because the churches are all ___________ like carnivals(嘉年华) in the night,” he writes. “We are surrounding ourselves with light.”
Excess light is incredibly ___________ to the complex eco-systems nocturnal (夜间活动的) animals inhabit. It ___________ away the bats that Eklof studies. It frightens light-sensitive moths, leaving them easily ___________ to predation(捕食) or flying endlessly into lights that will never return their love. Baby turtles crawl away from the shoreline toward the lights of distant coastal cities and reef fish eggs go unhatched. Birds do not migrate ___________ and even they forget to sing. Modern advancements such as LED lights could significantly reduce some of the worst impacts, but they have not. At least, not yet.
It is worth mentioning that middle-aged writer like Eklof can ____________ for a darker world — for darkened campuses and unlit parking lots. But darkness is not safe for everyone. We need to address the social issues that make lighted places so ____________ in the first place.
The bottom line: We can change if we want to. Some of the solutions to light pollution— motion-detecting lights, shielded lights that do not ____________ light upward, artificial light with wavelengths that is similar to natural light—are already within our grasp, if we just ____________ them. “We could just turn it all off, but I guess we don’t want to,” said Eklof in a recent interview. “____________, it’s vital we find a middle way.”
Right now it is hard to know what that middle way might look like. In 50 years, every city could be equipped with an array of programmed and ____________ low-impact LED lights. Or we might have completely forgotten what darkness is—the sky filled with little moons.
【小题1】A.honour | B.gratitude | C.optimism | D.determination |
【小题2】A.artificial | B.brilliant | C.faint | D.absolute |
【小题3】A.achieved | B.distracted | C.enhanced | D.threatened |
【小题4】A.resulting from | B.bringing about | C.judging by | D.contributing to |
【小题5】A.decorated | B.restored | C.lit | D.faded |
【小题6】A.effective | B.sensitive | C.positive | D.destructive |
【小题7】A.scares | B.blows | C.pulls | D.turns |
【小题8】A.accustomed | B.subject | C.available | D.restricted |
【小题9】A.on duty | B.in turn | C.on time | D.in public |
【小题10】A.stimulate | B.advocate | C.negotiate | D.account |
【小题11】A.challenging | B.appealing | C.demanding | D.outstanding |
【小题12】A.absorb | B.stretch | C.transform | D.reflect |
【小题13】A.reach for | B.apply to | C.long for | D.adapt to |
【小题14】A.Therefore | B.Furthermore | C.However | D.Instead |
【小题15】A.fundamentally | B.scientifically | C.environmentally | D.economically |