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One summer midnight several years ago, standing outside a wooden cabin in Michigan River, I looked up. The sky was filled with thousands of stars, the sight of which was almost enough to make me, a non-believer, offer a word of ___________ up into the star-filled sky. But to whom? Perhaps to Johan Eklof, author of The Darkness Manifesto.

As a bat scientist, Eklof’s work on bats requires a specific kind of darkness—the ___________kind, unpolluted by light. But this category of darkness is ___________. In the 1980s, Eklof tells readers, two-thirds of the churches in Sweden’s southwest housed bat colonies. Not any longer. “Today, forty years later, research I’ve done with my colleagues shows that this number has been reduced by a third, ___________ light pollution and other factors. Because the churches are all ___________ like carnivals(嘉年华) in the night,” he writes. “We are surrounding ourselves with light.”

Excess light is incredibly ___________ to the complex eco-systems nocturnal (夜间活动的) animals inhabit. It ___________ away the bats that Eklof studies. It frightens light-sensitive moths, leaving them easily ___________ to predation(捕食) or flying endlessly into lights that will never return their love. Baby turtles crawl away from the shoreline toward the lights of distant coastal cities and reef fish eggs go unhatched. Birds do not migrate ___________ and even they forget to sing. Modern advancements such as LED lights could significantly reduce some of the worst impacts, but they have not. At least, not yet.

It is worth mentioning that middle-aged writer like Eklof can ____________ for a darker world — for darkened campuses and unlit parking lots. But darkness is not safe for everyone. We need to address the social issues that make lighted places so ____________ in the first place.

The bottom line: We can change if we want to. Some of the solutions to light pollution— motion-detecting lights, shielded lights that do not ____________ light upward, artificial light with wavelengths that is similar to natural light—are already within our grasp, if we just ____________ them. “We could just turn it all off, but I guess we don’t want to,” said Eklof in a recent interview. “____________, it’s vital we find a middle way.”

Right now it is hard to know what that middle way might look like. In 50 years, every city could be equipped with an array of programmed and ____________ low-impact LED lights. Or we might have completely forgotten what darkness is—the sky filled with little moons.

【小题1】
A.honourB.gratitudeC.optimismD.determination
【小题2】
A.artificialB.brilliantC.faintD.absolute
【小题3】
A.achievedB.distractedC.enhancedD.threatened
【小题4】
A.resulting fromB.bringing aboutC.judging byD.contributing to
【小题5】
A.decoratedB.restoredC.litD.faded
【小题6】
A.effectiveB.sensitiveC.positiveD.destructive
【小题7】
A.scaresB.blowsC.pullsD.turns
【小题8】
A.accustomedB.subjectC.availableD.restricted
【小题9】
A.on dutyB.in turnC.on timeD.in public
【小题10】
A.stimulateB.advocateC.negotiateD.account
【小题11】
A.challengingB.appealingC.demandingD.outstanding
【小题12】
A.absorbB.stretchC.transformD.reflect
【小题13】
A.reach forB.apply toC.long forD.adapt to
【小题14】
A.ThereforeB.FurthermoreC.HoweverD.Instead
【小题15】
A.fundamentallyB.scientificallyC.environmentallyD.economically
2023·上海奉贤·二模
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One of Switzerland’s most popular skiing areas has been covering mountain areas with cloth material in an effort to _________ ice melting over the summer. Workers have placed large blankets of material around Mount Titlis. The area contains a glacier that has been _________ large amounts of ice over the past 20 years. The protective cloth, _________ polyester material, is designed to _________ the sun.

Putting the blankets _________ the glacier provides a natural protective shield. Decreasing snow cover _________ higher temperatures presents a serious threat to skiing areas across Europe. Having a glacier can provide some protection from climate change and help keep large snow _________ on the mountain year-around. This snow can later be moved to fill in areas _________it is needed.

But the Swiss government has predicted that 90 percent of the country’s _________ 1,500 glaciers will disappear by the end of this century if __________ is done to cut man-made pollution emissions. The government has to __________ increase the size of the blankets over the glacier in recent years to save __________ is left. A small group of employees works over five-to-six weeks to cover parts of the glacier. At the end of summer, they spend weeks __________ the covers.

Currently, the __________ material covering about 100,000 square meters is about the size of 14 football fields. The blankets help get the sun’s energy back into the __________.

【小题1】
A.reduceB.defeatC.fleeD.switch
【小题2】
A.leakingB.detectingC.losingD.resisting
【小题3】
A.combined withB.made ofC.mixed withD.attached to
【小题4】
A.ignoreB.floatC.limitD.block
【小题5】
A.overB.beyondC.beneathD.within
【小题6】
A.summing upB.resulting fromC.figuring outD.carrying on
【小题7】
A.sensorsB.warningsC.structuresD.supplies
【小题8】
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
【小题9】
A.foundingB.remainingC.obtainingD.committing
【小题10】
A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything
【小题11】
A.continuallyB.apparentlyC.graduallyD.artificially
【小题12】
A.whichB.whoC.thatD.what
【小题13】
A.ceasingB.integratingC.removingD.extracting
【小题14】
A.reflectiveB.relevantC.vitalD.efficient
【小题15】
A.modeB.atmosphereC.substanceD.circumstance

One of my best memories during high school occurred last November, when Dr. Jane Goodall came to our school. She is one of the best-known _____ in the world.

Although I have been part of Roots & Shoots since 2006, I had never imagined _____ Dr. Goodall so soon in my lifetime. So when I heard that Dr. Goodall was going to visit our school, I almost screamed with _____. For the entire month leading up to her _____, I could feel the anticipation (期望) _____. When she eventually came to our school to share her _____ all around the world, my heart beat so _____ that I could even hear it thumping (怦怦地跳) in my chest.

I was so used to seeing her in photos and _____ her as a peaceful, calm and quiet woman. But here she was a real-life person before me. I found that she was much more _____ than I had expected. I would never forget her ______ steps going down the platform after her presentation to the school. She looked really like an activist who was ______ to protect the environment and wildlife.

I have already been in Roots & Shoots and ______ about the environment and animals for years, but listening to Dr. Goodall talk about her work ______ inspired me quite a lot. It was then that I became truly ______ to what I was doing. Even if I wasn’t really sure what I could do to make a difference, I was still willing to give it a ______.

【小题1】
A.doctorsB.actressesC.environmentalistsD.leaders
【小题2】
A.attractingB.meetingC.helpingD.forgetting
【小题3】
A.excitementB.regretC.sadnessD.relief
【小题4】
A.houseB.lessonC.countryD.arrival
【小题5】
A.buildingB.fadingC.goingD.flowing
【小题6】
A.hobbiesB.experiencesC.thoughtsD.plans
【小题7】
A.weaklyB.painfullyC.wellD.fast
【小题8】
A.choseB.acceptedC.picturedD.named
【小题9】
A.beautifulB.energeticC.talentedD.violent
【小题10】
A.rapidB.heavyC.smallD.light
【小题11】
A.hesitantB.likelyC.keenD.unwilling
【小题12】
A.angryB.certainC.curiousD.concerned
【小题13】
A.on occasionB.on purposeC.in personD.in public
【小题14】
A.addictedB.devotedC.blindD.accustomed
【小题15】
A.tryB.breakC.lookD.push

In October 2015, Shah began picking up rubbish from the beach every Sunday morning. At first, it was just him and a neighbor, and then he began _____ others to join in. Word spread and with help from social media, more volunteers got involved.

Shah hasn’t stopped since. He’s now spent 209 weekends _____ this mission inspiring more than 200,000 _____ to join him in what’s been called the world’s biggest beach cleanup. By October 2018, Versova Beach was _____ clean and Shah’s cleanups expanded to another _____ as well as a stretch of the Mithi River and other regions of India.

For Shah, the work has always been a personal journey, but it has earned _____ attention. After he was honored as a “Champion of the Earth” by the United Nations in 2016, Bollywood celebrities and politicians _____ his mission and joined in his cleanups.

Today, Shah is also working with coastal communities to _____ plastic pollution at one of the sources. In areas lacking waste management systems, _____ often end(s) up in streams and rivers that empty into the ______. Shah and his volunteers ______ and assist villagers in reducing, managing and recycling their plastic waste.

“This world ______ too much. I think you must talk less and do action more,” he said. “Every citizen on this planet must be in for a long pull. I feel the ______ to do something for my planet, so this will ______ for life. If each one could start, this journey could become ______. Can we do it together?”

【小题1】
A.askingB.orderingC.warningD.forcing
【小题2】
A.compared toB.adapted toC.related toD.devoted to
【小题3】
A.workersB.volunteersC.journalistsD.clerks
【小题4】
A.originallyB.finallyC.suddenlyD.theoretically
【小题5】
A.parkB.bankC.beachD.market
【小题6】
A.globalB.localC.nationalD.coastal
【小题7】
A.simplifiedB.changedC.acceptedD.finished
【小题8】
A.makeB.discussC.throwD.handle
【小题9】
A.treesB.materialsC.rubbishD.tools
【小题10】
A.oceanB.factoryC.mountainD.forest
【小题11】
A.protectB.controlC.scoldD.educate
【小题12】
A.talksB.complainsC.thinksD.argues
【小题13】
A.pityB.needC.painD.effect
【小题14】
A.come onB.get onC.look onD.go on
【小题15】
A.greatB.complexC.completeD.difficult

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