A new study led by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School has found that climate-impact labeling on a sample fast food menu significantly influenced people’s food choices in favor of more climate-friendly items, such as vegetarian diet, chicken, or fish dishes.
The researchers enrolled over 5,000 online participants and presented them a sample menu resembling a fast food menu and asked them to choose a single item for a meal. While one group of participants received a menu with non-red meat items like salads or chicken sandwiches labeled “low climate impact”, another one received a menu with red meat items, such as beef burgers, labeled “high climate impact.” Finally, a third control group received a menu with QR codes on all items but no climate labels.
The analysis revealed that both the high and low climate-impact labels significantly reduced red meat selections compared to the control group. The high climate-impact labels had a strong effect, increasing non-beef choices by 23 percent compared to just 10 percent in the case of menus including low climate-impact labels.
“These results suggest that menu labeling, particularly labels warning that an item has high climate impact, can be an effective strategy for encouraging more sustainable food choices in a fast food setting,” said the study lead author Julia Wolfson, an associate professor in the Department of International Heath at the Bloomberg School.
Besides, participants were also asked to rate how healthy they believed the item they ordered was, and those who selected a more sustainable item perceived their choice to be healthier compared to those who selected a red meat item.
Since red meat consumption has been linked to a variety of health issues, including colorectal (结肠的) cancer and type 2 diabetes (糖尿病), the type of climate-impact labeling could prove highly effective in preventing illness. However, as the researchers warn, climate-impact labels may also have the unwanted side effect of making a choice seem healthier than it actually is.
“We look for labeling strategies that create ‘win-wins’ for promoting both more sustainable and healthier choices,” Wolfson concluded.
【小题1】What is the finding of the study?| A．Red meat consumption is closely linked to climate labeling. |
| B．Climate-impact labels are gaining popularity worldwide. |
| C．Climate-impact labeling influences people’s food selection. |
| D．Menu labeling contributes to less sustainable food choices. |
| A．By citing examples. |
| B．By group experimenting. |
| C．By providing explanations. |
| D．By analyzing cause and effect. |
| A．Detected. | B．Required. | C．Urged. | D．Considered. |
| A．Skeptical. | B．Objective. | C．Tolerant. | D．Conservative. |
As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices. Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known.
Engage in volunteer work. Doing good for others helps your self-esteem and relieves Stress. Research published in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in lite is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke. “We know that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health,” adds Sharma.“Volunteering gets you out of the house and creates a social network.”
Avoid polluted air.
Eat breakfast. A recent study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that healthy people who skipped breakfast were almost three times more likely to have heart disease six years later than those who participate in a substantial morning meal. One possible reason: “If you’re eating a proper breakfast, you’re less likely to be hungry later and make poor food choices,” says Abramson. “We need to eat a balanced diet as part of a healthy lifestyle.”
| A．Get eight hours of sleep. |
| B．Limit your time on social media. |
| C．But others may not have crossed your mind. |
| D．Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and include fruit. |
| E．Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease. |
| F．Depending on the type of work you do, volunteering might even increase your physical activity. |
| G．Volunteering offers vital help to people in need, worthwhile causes, and the community, but the benefits can be even greater for you, the volunteer. |
Helpful Pet Tips
Selecting the Right Pet
Keep the following questions in mind before bringing home a new companion:
◇
◇ How much attention can you give? You don’t want your new pet to be lonely if you frequently work late or travel. A fish is a wise choice.
◇ Do you have children or will children frequently visit your home? Some animals are just better with kids due to their nature.
Are there any tasks you would like the animal to perform? If you’re looking for a guard dog, you’ll want different qualities than if you’re purely seeking companionship.
Keeping Pets Healthy and Happy
One of the top pet lips for potential owners is making .sure you’re feeding your new friend properly. Ask your veterinarian about the nutritional needs of an animal of its age, size and breeding,
| A．How much space do you have? |
| B．Some families want a puppy for hours of play. |
| C．Buy top-quality food or seek out natural food. |
| D．How much energy do you expect from your pet? |
| E．Keep an eye out for changes in appearance or behavior. |
| F．Make sure you’re also devoting proper time to your companion’s exercise. |
| G．You want a pet that will accept your child’s attention, not get nervous or bite. |
Ways to Brighten a Cloudy Day
When I was a small child, I’d curl up on my parents’ bed after the sunshine had warmed it. It was a pleasant place of peace and safety that I struggled to find in later years.
Get outside, move and breathe.
Fresh air and sunshine can have a magical effect on your feelings. Sometimes when you are feeling down, all that you need to do is simply go outside and breathe.
Do something nice for a complete stranger.
Buy a coffee, pay a bill, give a smile and a “thank you” when none is required. You may even reach out and help strangers who live far away from you.
Laugh from your stomach.
Try something not included in your normal life.
Most of us eat from a very short list of food. Eating something entirely different will do more than expand your sense of taste.
We need to live each moment wholeheartedly, with all our senses. Only in this way will we find what a wonderful world it actually is!
| A．Choose seasonal, healthy foods like fresh fruit instead of high-fat ones. |
| B．It will help keep your sense of adventure alive! |
| C．Each day includes moments that can be deeply enjoyed or carelessly ignored. |
| D．You know the kind of laugh that shakes your whole body? |
| E．Being happy is about taking the time to work towards your goal. |
| F．Giving will open you up to a world of kindness. |
| G．Movement and exercise is also a great way to feel better. |
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