My past students are starting to organize a scientific conference for my 60th birthday to be held about a year from now. Their gesture reminded me of Rabbi Hanina’s words: “I have learned much from my teachers, more from my colleagues and the most from my students.”
We all started as students. Just as kids bump into things as they’re learning to _________ the world, many of us have scars from early encounters with our mentors._________ arise when those mentors attempt to establish their authority by trying to make us respect traditional thinking. Memories of these events should encourage us to do better as we_________ roles and mentor others later in life.
For example, the first advice I received from my postdoctoral mentor was to develop specialized skills and focus them on a _________ field, where I would establish myself as the world expert._________ , I decided not to follow this advice as soon as I recognized by drilling down narrowly, one often fails to make further progress. In these situations, the potential for a _________improves with a broader and more flexible perspective, which enables “out of the box” opportunities for drilling deeper around it.
Keeping this in mind, I encourage my students to think broadly and _________ about the most exciting problems in astronomy, such as: “What happened before the big bang?”; “What will happen in our distant cosmic future?”; “What is the nature of dark matter?”; or “When did life start in the universe?”
It is customary to consider a student’s raw potential as a stand-alone commodity whose value can be_________ through examinations. But my experience taught me that young scientists do not blossom into exceptional researchers _________ they are supported by encouraging words and inspiration; these ingredients are as __________ as nutrition and water are for seeds of flowers.__________ the initial belief in the potential of a student to become a successful scientist, this outcome may not come true.
As chair of the Harvard astronomy department for almost a decade, I witnessed many examples of students who were initially very slow to make progress but blossomed academically as soon as they selected a different advisor and a new topic for their Ph. D. A good mentor__________ the strengths of the mentee. As a result, a successful mentoring experience often reflects a good __________ between a fledgling(新手的) scientist and an advisor. They should both be congratulated for their shared academic DNA.
On the one hand, mentors get a kick from Oscar Wilde’s insight: “Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery...” But on the other hand, they should allow students to break free from the __________ path with creativity. The rule of thumb is to give young scholars just enough space to explore freely and learn from their __________ without damaging the direction of their future careers. The learning curves could be steep; some of my 50 students over the past few decades started slow but eventually rose to the greatest heights. Patience is key.
【小题1】A.process | B.explore | C.reform | D.include |
【小题2】A.Conflicts | B.Negotiations | C.Approvals | D.Mysteries |
【小题3】A.play | B.deny | C.access | D.change |
【小题4】A.commercial | B.strange | C.narrow | D.broad |
【小题5】A.Therefore | B.Additionally | C.However | D.Consequently |
【小题6】A.failure | B.obligation | C.ignorance | D.breakthrough |
【小题7】A.independently | B.mutually | C.temporarily | D.undoubtedly |
【小题8】A.embraced | B.evaluated | C.contained | D.imposed |
【小题9】A.if | B.lest | C.while | D.unless |
【小题10】A.crucial | B.elaborate | C.unpredictable | D.inaccessible |
【小题11】A.Within | B.Given | C.Without | D.Due to |
【小题12】A.spots | B.hides | C.applies | D.recalls |
【小题13】A.argument | B.interaction | C.criticism | D.interview |
【小题14】A.beaten | B.broken | C.chaotic | D.fresh |
【小题15】A.mentors | B.imitations | C.fortune | D.mistakes |