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In July 1994 Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, was struck by 21 pieces of a comet (彗星). When the fragment (碎片) landed in the southern part of the giant planet, the explosions were watched by scientists here on earth. But what if our own planet was hit by a comet?
The year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss our plant, but two fragments will probably hit the southern part of the Earth. The news has caused panic.
On 17 July, a fragment four kilometers wide enters the Earth’s atmosphere with a huge explosion. About half of the fragment is destroyed. But the major part survives and hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and an enormous wave is created and spreads. The wall of water rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned. The wave moves into the Indian Ocean and heads towards Asia.
Millions of people are already dead in the southern part of the Earth, but the north won’t escape for long. Tons of broken pieces are thrown into the atmosphere by the explosions. As the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. Crops are ruined. Wars break out as countries fight for food. A year later civilization has collapsed. No more than 10 million people have survived.
Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. The dinosaurs (恐龙) were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a space fragment. The dinosaurs couldn’t survive in the cold climate that followed and they became extinct. Will we meet the same end?
【小题1】Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the author’s description of the disaster in 2094?
A.The whole world becomes extremely cold.
B.All the coastal cities in African are destroyed.
C.The whole mankind becomes extinct.
D.The visit of the comet results in wars.
【小题2】Why does the author mention dinosaurs at the end of the passage?
A.Because they could only live in the warm climate.
B.Because they once ruled the Earth.
C.Because their extinction shows future disasters.
D.Because dinosaurs and humans never live in the same age.
【小题3】In writing the passage, the author intends to_________.
A.give an accurate description of the possible disaster in the future
B.prove that humans will sooner or later be destroyed
C.tell the historical development of the Earth
D.warn of a possible disaster in the future
【小题4】It can be concluded that the passage is most probably part of a(n)________.
A.terror storyB.news report
C.research paperD.article of popular science
10-11高二上·福建厦门·期中
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After numerous warnings over the years, you thought coffee probably had a negative effect on your health? Perhaps the drink is not so bad after all.

The new study, conducted by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), has been published and suggests that coffee does not have a harmful effect on your health. Researchers suggest, based on data examined, older adults who drink a lot of coffee, have a lower risk of death when compared to their non-drinking coffee peers.

The team of researchers conducting the study analyzed data on 400,000 U.S. men and women, aged 50 to 71 years; the individuals had participated in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. This study started in 1995﹣1996 and was tracked until the day a participant passed away, or Dec. 31, 2008.

According to a press release on the report, researchers shared that coffee drinkers are “less likely to die from heart disease, respiratory disease, stroke, injuries and accidents, diabetes, and infections, although the association was not seen for cancer.”

Results indicated participants that drank three or more cups of java a day reduced their risk of death by 10percent. Based on the findings that both caffeinated and non-caffeinated coffee found similar results, researchers are thinking caffeine is not the protective ingredient(原料), although which ingredient in coffee might be, they are not sure.

Researchers indicate that despite these observational findings,they caution it is not clear whether or not drinking coffee actually extends life expectancy.

“Coffee is one of the most widely consumed drinks in America,but the association between coffee consumption and risk of death has been unclear. We found coffee consumption to be associated with lower risk of death overall, and of death from a number of different causes,” said Neal Freedman, Ph. D. , Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI.

“Although we cannot infer a relationship between coffee drinking and lower risk of death, we believe these results do provide some comfort that coffee drinking does not adversely affect health,” Freedman said.

Dr. Cheryl Williams, a registered dietician, told ABC News, “Overall, more research needs to be done to truly understand the compounds in coffee and their biological activity and effect on health,” said Williams.

【小题1】The passage is mainly about ________.
A.medical benefits of coffee
B.benefits of planting coffee
C.coffee’s negative effects on health
D.new study results on coffee
【小题2】We can learn from the passage that ________.
A.drinking coffee can help reduce the risk of death from some diseases
B.people rely heavily on coffee drinking and that proves to be a problem
C.people who often drink coffee are more likely to suffer different diseases
D.caffeine is the very ingredient which protects people from developing diseases
【小题3】The underlined word “java” in Paragraph 5 refers to ________.
A.caffeineB.ingredient
C.coffeeD.drink
【小题4】What can we infer from William’s words?
A.People should drink more caffeinated coffee.
B.People should analyze the cause of human death.
C.People should take advantages of drinking coffee.
D.People should carry out more related and effective studies.

Scientists have found what they believe are pieces of a meteor(流星)that fell to the earth last year. The objects were discovered off the coast of the United States in the Pacific Ocean.

The crew of the Nautilus, a private research ship, recovered the rock particles(颗粒).The Nautilus is operated by the Ocean Exploration Trust. The group says its aim at present is to examine areas of the ocean that have never been explored before.

The search was launched after US government weather stations observed a large meteorite exploding some months ago. The explosion lit up the sky and sent the rock particles to the earth. The meteorite fall was the largest recorded over the United States in at least 20years. The team includes scientists from NASA, the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuaryand the University of Washington. The scientists examined what they believe were two small meteorite fragments. Further testing is needed before they can confirm that the material came from the explosion.

The Nautilus is equipped with two remotely operated vehicles(ROVs), called Hercules and Argus. These robotic submarines help researchers find and collect materials from the seafloor. The fact that the particles landed in the ocean, instead of on land, means larger pieces may have survived and can be studied. For this reason, scientists decided to launch the first intentional search for meteorites from the ocean, Until the latest research, scientists had only accidentally discovered a small number of meteorites from drilling operations.

The objects recovered from the bottom of the sea likely came from the recent explosion for two main reasons. First,meteorite particles are basically made of glassy materials that do not tend to last long in seawater. Secondly, they came from what looked like a small hole on the seafloor. Some evidence shows that they came from something that fell.

【小题1】What is the current goal of the crew of the Ocean Exploration Trust?
A.To recover the rock particles.
B.To observe movements of the universe.
C.To study unexplored places of the ocean.
D.To examine creatures of the explored ocean.
【小题2】What mainly caused the start of the search in the sea?
A.A huge meteor shower.B.Business value of meteors.
C.Plenty of natural resources.D.The brainstorm of researchers.
【小题3】Why do the scientists prefer to search for meteors in the ocean?
A.They can find meteors more easily.
B.They may find bigger rock particles.
C.They like to explore strange sea areas.
D.They have better submarine equipment.
【小题4】What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?
A.Offer clues for the search.
B.Give reasons to support a guess.
C.Stress the importance of the event.
D.Describe the process of the search.

When I talk to kids about writing, I often compare it to the roller coaster (过山车) to remind them to mix laughs with tears in writing, because nobody wants to ride a roller coaster that’s a long, never-ending and terrifying one. Even Shakespeare, in his darkest tragedies, opens each act with a funny scene before the bad things come out. We need amusing relief in literature, a break in the tension (紧张).

I have always tried to write stories for kids that mix the heart-racing thrill of a mystery with a few jokes. Maybe this is because, when I was in the fifth and sixth grades, the fun magazine was my favorite reading material. When I first moved to New York City, I performed with one of the city’s top comedy (喜剧) groups. Comedy, I have discovered, is a great teaching tool. It is also a wonderful defense against fear.

One of my favorite e-mails I’ve ever received was sent to me in 2009 by a young reader who loved my stories. Here’s what he wrote:


Dear Mr. Grabenstein,

I just wanted to let you know that I really, absolutely love your books. I’m in 6th grade and recently finished The Hanging Hill after reading The Crossroads. Your stories mix action, humor and horror together in a perfect combination.

Thanks so much!

Will R

Comedy is a writer’s tool for releasing tension and it also simply makes books more fun to read. I used humor in my middle grade novel The Island of Dr. Libris to make classic literature feel more accessible to young readers. I also think it’s why so many reluctant readers — including kids who haven’t read a book in years — have been crazy about Escape from Mr. Lemoncello’s Library and Mr. Lemoncello’s Library Olympics. Learning the Dewey DecimaI System in maths class can be fun if it is presented in a funny way because when we’re laughing, we never think we’re working too hard.

【小题1】Where is the text probably from?
A.A literature textbook.B.An autobiography.
C.A writing guideline.D.A writing outline
【小题2】Why does the author mention the e-mail from a student in paragraph 3?
A.To prove a theory.B.To explain a concept.
C.To support his opinion.D.To introduce the topic.
【小题3】Which of the following best describes Dewey Decimal System in the last paragraph?
A.Boring.B.Effective.C.Useful.D.Simple.
【小题4】What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Drama suit, a decoration for writingB.Imagination, the soul of writing
C.Magazine, a guide for writingD.Fun, the basis in writing

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