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Day of the Dead

Here’s one thing we know: Día de los Muertos, or Day of the Dead, is not a Mexican version of Halloween.

【小题1】 Whereas Halloween embraces terror and mischief on the last night of October, Day of the Dead festivities unfold over the first two days of November in an explosion of color and life-affirming joy. Sure, the theme is death, but the point is to demonstrate love and respect for deceased family members. In towns and cities throughout Mexico, revelers(狂欢者) don(穿上) funky makeup and costumes, hold parades and parties, sing and dance, and make offerings to lost loved ones.

Day of the Dead originated several thousand years ago with the Aztec, Toltec, and other Nahua people, who considered mourning the dead disrespectful. 【小题2】 The dead were still members of the community, kept alive in memory and spirit—and during Día de los Muertos, they temporarily returned to Earth.

Today’s Día de los Muertos celebration is a mash-up(混聚) of pre-Hispanic religious rites and Christian feasts. It takes place on November 1 and 2—All Saints’ Day and All Souls’ Day on the Catholic calendar—around the time of the fall maize harvest.

Cultural heritage is not just monuments and collections of objects. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) says that cultural heritage also includes living expressions of culture—traditions—passed down from generation to generation. 【小题3】 Today Mexicans from all religious and ethnic backgrounds celebrate Día de los Muertos, but at its core, the holiday is a reaffirmation of Indigenous(本土的) life.

Day of the Dead is an extremely social holiday that spills into streets and public squares at all hours of the day and night. Dressing up as skeletons is part of the fun. People of all ages have their faces artfully painted to resemble skulls, and, mimicking the Calavera Catrina, they don suits and fancy dresses. 【小题4】

A.In 2008, UNESCO recognized the importance of Día de los Muertos by adding the holiday to its list of Intangible(无形的) Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
B.Some families place their dead loved one’s favorite meal on the altar(祭坛).
C.Though related, the two annual events differ greatly in traditions and tone.
D.Many revelers wear shells or other noisemakers to fuel the excitement—and also possibly to rouse the dead and keep them close during the fun.
E.Today, the calavera Catrina, or elegant skull, is the Day of the Dead’s most ubiquitous symbol.
F.For these pre-Hispanic(前西班牙时期的) cultures, death was a natural phase in life’s long continuum.
23-24高二上·上海奉贤·期末
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College Student Guide to Thanksgiving Break

Thanksgiving break, for many college students, is a big gift in the middle of fall semester. Lots of students go home for Thanksgiving, but some stay on campus. 【小题1】 Whatever your situation, though, there are things you can do to make sure you squeeze every last drop out of the long weekend.

Thanksgiving is nearly always about friends and family. However, every college student has a unique situation. Not all the students choose to return home for Thanksgiving.【小题2】 If you find being back home stressful, try planning to see friends or a trip to your favorite coffee shop.

For many students, it’s the first chance they have to visit friends from high school. If you had a large circle of friends» getting to see everyone you wanted to see might be hard.【小题3】 So it is wise to try to plan group activities where you can spend time with as many of your old friends as possible.

Thanksgiving is one of the busiest travel times of the year, so knowing what to expect can prevent a fun trip home from turning into a travel nightmare.【小题4】 The other half is planning your route home. If you plan to fly back home, book tickets at least six weeks in advance.

For most students, Thanksgiving falls either right before or right after midterms. So while you’re relaxing over the break, it doesn’t mean you can let your academics slide.【小题5】 Even if your professors didn’t assign you anything over the break f you probably have a larger project to work on. Remember the end of the semester is really only a few weeks away.

A.Some families are less supportive than others.
B.After all, the Thanksgiving break is only a few days.
C.Knowing what to pack when heading home is half the battle.
D.Others head to a friend’s house to celebrate the holiday.
E.Learn what to do and make the best of the long weekend.
F.It is your first chance to learn how to manage homework over a college break.
G.When returning home for Thanksgiving, you might have changed in many ways.
Read the text and discuss the questions in pairs.

BEAUTIFUL IRELAND AND ITS TRADITIONS

Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions. The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining. To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew. If you’re lucky, you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and dancing, too. And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.

【小题1】What makes the Irish countryside exciting and inspiring?
_____________________________________________________________
【小题2】What are the best ways to experience some Irish traditions and culture?
_____________________________________________________________
【小题3】What is the meaning of “breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song”?
_____________________________________________________________
【小题4】What are the best ways to experience Chinese traditions and customs?
_____________________________________________________________

Thanksgiving is a time to give thanks for family, health, and life in general. However, Black Friday has turned it into a business.

Traditionally, the true value of Thanksgiving lies at home not the shopping centers. However, Black Friday has nowadays allowed society to ignore this as individuals(个人) long for something that they do not need or even truly want. Shopping on Black Friday becomes a sign of a shift into a culture that values material wealth(财富) over spending time with loved ones. People are willing to force their way through the crowds in their desperate search for marked-down sweaters and necklaces.

In recent years, Thanksgiving has become a pre-Black Friday holiday for many families. They are devoted to mapping out shopping routes and making organized schedules for which stores to hit first. By drawing individuals out to shopping centers with "matchless savings", businesses encourage this behavior of ignoring Thanksgiving. Many families take their home-cooked meals while camping out at the door of shopping centers. With each new year, Thanksgiving is becoming victim to over-commercialized(过度商业化)society—changing from a meaningful time for family to a day devoted to products and shopping.

Black Friday has shown that with current common standards(标准), people cannot even set aside a single day to appreciate what they already have without immediately buying more. Families have lost sight of what is truly important in life, and have found reasons in debating between a low cost HD television and an appreciation for what they already have. Remember, Thanksgiving should be a day in which people are grateful for all that they have.

【小题1】What does the underlined word "this" in paragraph 2 probably refers to?
A.The sign of a shift.B.The true value of Thanksgiving.
C.The shopping crowd.D.The material wealth.
【小题2】In recent years, what will many families do when thanksgiving comes?
A.They’ll visit some newly-opened shopping centers in advance.
B.They’ll choose a big store for their first visit.
C.They’ll make full preparations for the Black Friday shopping.
D.They’ll go camping at the gate of shopping center for a good deal.
【小题3】In the last paragraph, the author mainly intends to tell us that we should ______.
A.appreciate what we've possessed with our families
B.stay with our families as long as we can
C.try to spend less to get low cost products
D.set aside a single day to buy more
【小题4】What's the author’s attitude towards the present ways people celebrate Thanksgiving?
A.puzzledB.unconcerned
C.happyD.worried

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