Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛峰) is the highest mountain in the world. This mountain is located in Asia. Asia is the home to all five of the world’s highest mountains. Mount Everest’s peak is five and one-half miles above sea level. That is very high!
Many climbers have tried to climb to the peak of Mount Everest. The first people to reach the peak were Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay. Since then, about 900 people have survived the climb to Mount Everest’s summit.
One of the most successful climbers is Erik Weihenmayer. Like all who try to climb this huge mountain, Erik faced strong winds, snow, and avalanches (雪崩). However, what really made Erik’s climb unbelievable is the fact that he is blind. After losing his sight at age 13, Erik began climbing at age 16. He has climbed the tallest mountains on five continents. Erik became the first blind person to reach the peak of Mount Everest.
At the age of 32, Erik began his climb as part of a 19-member team. His team wore bells that he could follow using his climb. By using them, fellow climbers could quickly warn him of such things as a big drop on the right or a big stone to the left.
During his climb, Erik faced many dangers. He struggled through 100m.p.h winds and sliding (滑动的) masses of snow, ice, and rock. Because the air became thinner the higher Erick climbed, he wore an oxygen mask, as do many who climb high mountains. It took Erik about two and a half months to reach the top of this huge mountain.
【小题1】What does the underlined word “summit” in the second paragraph mean? (1 word)【小题2】What made Erik’s climbing Mount Everest special? (No more than 10 words)
【小题3】How did the fellow climbers warn Erik of some small dangers during the climb? (No more than 5 words)
【小题4】What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? (No more than 10 words)
【小题5】What do you think of Erik Weihenmayer? And why? (No more than 25 words)
Frederick Banting hated school. Having grown up on a farm near Alliston, Ontario, Fred was a good worker but felt uncomfortable and unaccepted in a town school. After graduation, he began studies to become a minister. When that did not go well, he changed his goal to medicine. World War I arrived, and the great need for field medics (救护人员) resulted in the early graduation of Fred. After the war, the young Canadian doctor returned home to set up his practice. Just then he began to focus on articles on diabetes (糖尿病), a disease that had claimed the life of a neighbour’s child.
To solve the problem of this disease, Fred approached Dr. J. J. R. Macleod at the University of Toronto and eventually convinced Dr. Macleod to support him. In 1920, Fred happily entered a poorly equipped laboratory and was given a young assistant named Charles Best. Fred and Charles worked day and night, but early results in producing the hormone (激素) preparation they called insulin (胰岛素) were discouraging. Many of the animals they treated died. Finally one animal survived for several weeks. The team appeared to be finally getting somewhere, and it was time to move on to human subjects. Before treating human patients, however, Fred and Charles tested the safety of their insulin each other. Their tests were a triumph.
The first patient to be treated was a fourteen-year-old boy named Leonard. The year was 1921. The poor boy weighed only seventy-five pounds, and he was barely alive. But the new insulin treatment administered by Fred and Charles was a great success. Leonard gained weight, and his health dramatically improved.
In 1923, the Nobel Prize in medicine was awarded jointly to Canadian doctors Frederick Banting and J. J. R. Macleod. Fred could have made himself a millionaire with his discovery. Instead, he sold his patent for the production of insulin to the University of Toronto-for one dollar-so that the drug could be marketed cheaply and thousands of lives could be saved and improved. Thanks to Fred, diabetics are able to live normal lives where before it was impossible.
【小题1】What does paragraph I focus on?A.Why Fred graduated early. |
B.How Fred took up the research. |
C.Why Fred changed his life goal. |
D.What Fred experienced in the war. |
A.Victory. |
B.Reference. |
C.Challenge. |
D.Demonstration. |
A.To make money. |
B.To earn reputation. |
C.To benefit patients. |
D.To promote insulin. |
A.A Successful Test |
B.A Famous Doctor |
C.An Unlikely Hero |
D.A Great Discovery |
Merle Liivand was born in Estonia. As a child, she had health problems, and began swimming to help her lungs get stronger. She was soon taking part in open water swimming contests, sometimes even in icy water. In 2017 and 2019, she represented Estonia at the World Aquatics Championships.
Eleven years ago, Ms. Merle moved to Miami, Florida. In one training session, she nearly wound up swallowing some plastic floating in the sea. That experience made her think of all the sea animals who faced similar pollution every day. She began swimming with a special single swimming fin(鳍状物) attached to both of her feet. This rubbery “monofin” allows her to swim by kicking both of her legs together. “Swimming with the monofin without using my arms is similar to how dolphins and sea animals swim,” says Ms. Merle. She believes that swimming with a monofin “sends a bigger message”.
Ms. Merle first set the world record for swimming with a monofin in 2019, when she swam 10 kilometers off the coast of California. In 2020, she broke the record again by swimming 20. 6 kilometers, this time in Miami, Florida.
Last year, she set a new Guinness World Record by swimming 30 kilometers, again in Florida. Even though it took her 9 hours and 19 minutes to set that record, Ms. Merle says she knew she could go farther. So for the last year, Ms. Merle has been getting up at 4 every morning, putting on her monofin and going swimming.
On May 7, Ms. Merle broke the record once more, this time swimming the length of a full marathon. It took her 11 hours and 54 seconds to swim 42.2 kilometers.
To keep her energy up, a friend followed her in a kayak and gave her food and water from time to time. Along the way, Ms. Merle picked up all the trash she found and put it in the kayak. By the end of her marathon, the kayak held three bags full of trash.
【小题1】Why did Merle Liivand start to swim?A.To become physically fitter. | B.To pick up rubbish out of water. |
C.To satisfy her interest in water. | D.To win swimming contests. |
A.To help develop her strength. | B.To improve her swimming speed. |
C.To experience the life of a sea animal. | D.To raise public awareness of plastic pollution. |
A.Far-reaching influences brought by Ms. Merle. |
B.Ms. Merle’s amazing achievements in swimming. |
C.Hardships Ms. Merle experienced while swimming. |
D.Ms. Merle’s contributions to environmental protection. |
A.Considerate and modest. | B.Ambitious and proud. |
C.Kind-hearted and hard-working. | D.Strong-willed and generous. |
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