Osa is an athletic yet stubborn 62-pound German shepherd(德国牧羊犬). The six-year-old dog has mastered the art of sniffing(嗅) out cancer and is key to a research project that has the potential to change oncology(肿瘤学).
Osa is part of an ambitious effort launched five years ago at the University of Pennsylvania that aims to develop one of the most powerful scent-detection machines in the world: the canine nose. She is able to distinguish between blood samples taken from cancer patients and their healthy peers simply by sniffing them.
In fact,Osa is one of five cancer-detection dogs trained by Annmarie DeAngelo and her co-workers at the university’s Penn Vet Working Dog Center. The most important goal is to develop an “electronic sniffer” that can approach the cancer-sniffing superpowers of Osa and her partners. Osa arrived at the Penn Vet Working Dog Center from a breeder at two months of age. Ever since, she has taken training. The process is demanding,challenging and repeated until the dog has mastered the most essential task of all. Finally, she has succeeded in sniffing out cancer. To transform Osa’s remarkable abilities into an electronic nose, researchers use a similar approach to train the machine.
An electronic nose prototype(雏形)has been built, and it’s successful in sniffing out cancer 90 to 95 per cent of the time. That team has also correctly detected different types of cancer, and is building a cancer-detecting device for the National Institutes of Health. One objective is to be able to distinguish between early- and late-stage cancer.“It would be incredible to identify people at an early stage and really have an impact on saving lives,”says a researcher.“The dogs have been able to detect that. With that ability, a blood test could be sent to a central lab, or ideally performed in a doctor’s office, making some hidden cancers a thing of the past. We expect that the cancer-sniffer device will be complete in a short time.”
【小题1】What can we learn about Osa from the first two paragraphs?A.She used to be a strong German dog. |
B.She was hard to deal with in the research. |
C.She uses her nose to know the presence of cancer. |
D.She can change the development of the oncology. |
A.Strict. | B.Complex. | C.Unstable. | D.Endless. |
A.Blood tests will be more difficult in the future. |
B.There will be more dogs used for detecting cancer. |
C.Distinguishing cancers is important in early experiments. |
D.Hidden cancers may be detected by an electronic nose soon. |
A.The Results of a Study on Special Dogs |
B.The Importance of Dogs in Detecting Cancers |
C.The Approaches to Distinguishing Cancers |
D.The Problem of Having a Cancer Blood Test |
Each year, car crime costs nearly £3 billion. Of course, if you’re insured, you won’t lose out, or will you? Firstly, you will have to pay extra insurance later on, and then you may not be offered the full amount by the agent. You will probably have to hire a car and you will also lose the value of the contents and accessories (配件) in the car.
Now comes the solution. An RAC Trackstar system, hidden in one of 47 possible secret locations in your car, is the key of our system. If your car is stolen, radio signals are sent at twenty-second intervals from the car to the RAC Trackstar National Control Center via a satellite network. Then a computer gives the vehicle’s exact location, speed and direction.
The RAC Trackstar National Control Center, which operates 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, will immediately inform the police in the area where the car is located. Because the police receive information every twenty seconds, they will always know the vehicle’s location. Once the thief has been arrested, your car will be returned to you.
RAC Trackstar is unique in being able to provide the National Control Center with details of the exact location of your car, its speed and direction. And speed is the key to successful recovery of a stolen vehicle. RAC Trackstar Control will immediately tell the police if you report your car stolen and under the 24-hour Guardian Option. It will also tell you if your car has been stolen. RAC Trackstar’s constant updates mean the police are kept informed of the car’s location. All these greatly improve your chances of seeing your car again.
【小题1】If your car is stolen, you will have to ______.
A.pay more insurance |
B.hire a new car |
C.buy a RAC Trackstar system |
D.inform the National Control Center |
A.how the car is stolen |
B.who the thief is |
C.where the car is |
D.what brand the car is |
A.the local police station |
B.the RAC Trackstar Control |
C.the Guardian Option |
D.the insurance company |
A.automatically find directions |
B.seldom get their vehicles damaged |
C.are more likely to get the stolen cars back |
D.have less chance of being in an accident |
The ocean environment has been a heated topic of late. It was discussed and explored during World Water Week, held from Aug 20 to 24 in Stockholm, Sweden. During the week, Naomi Park from the US received the prestigious Stockholm Junior Water Prize 2023 for her research on the removal of carbon dioxide and oil products from the ocean, reported AFP News.
The ocean absorbs nearly a third of carbon dioxide emissions in the air, and 1.3 million gallons of crude oil are spilled into oceans every year, according to the Stockholm International Water Institute. Both issues continue to affect the biodiversity of the ocean and human health. In her research, Park developed a method to remove these contaminants.
Speaking on winning the prize, Park said it was a project she did in her high school. “I never realized that I would get to this point.”
The jury (评判委员会) noted that “the student created a ‘sponge (海绵)’ that absorbs both carbon dioxide and oil products from the ocean. She built a model and tested it — in multiple conditions, even simulating (模拟) ocean waves — with impressive results.”
For Park, her exploration of environmental sustainability is motivated by witnessing the local impacts of the climate crisis with her own eyes. “Seeing these changes in your community really makes you believe that the time for action is now,” she said.
Her next step may be to pursue a patent for the device. Andy Bramante, Park’s teacher and the science research director at Greenwich High School, said seeing young scientists develop their original ideas at this age is very exciting.
【小题1】What did Park receive the Stockholm Junior Water Prize 2023 for?A.Her research on climate change. | B.Her work on ocean biodiversity. |
C.Her device for cleaning the ocean. | D.Her experiment with ocean waves. |
A.Pollutants. | B.Advertisements. | C.Opponents. | D.Dilemmas. |
A.It was her high school ambition. | B.It was beyond her expectations. |
C.It was a result of her team’s efforts. | D.It was the first step to apply for a patent. |
A.Her desire for recognition. | B.Her teacher’s encouragement. |
C.Seeing changes in her local area. | D.Learning about the value of the ocean. |
Children of all ages gathered it New York City recently for the International Toy Fair Hidden among already Popular toys were new, high-tech educational products. Toymakers are working to create products for improving a child's emotional intelligence These toys reportedly not only hep rise intelligence in children, but also their emotional quotient, or EQ.
At the toy fair, companies showed of their products.
PleIQ is a set of plastic toy blocks. It uses augmented (增强的) reality technology to each words, numbers and other things. Edison Duran, the company director, showed people at the toy fair how virtual images appear on the bocks when they are held in front of a tablet camera. Intelligence includes intrapersonal skills (processes information within one's mind) and interpersonal skills (dealing with other people). Duran said PleIQ builds on both by having children act as teacher or guide to a companion character.
Karen Hu demonstrated an educational robot called Woobo. The robot comes programmed with educational games and activities. Children use its touch screen face to get them started. Toys that work as companions also aid in social development. Hu described how the robot can help a child who suffers from autism (自闭症). “The child can communicate with Woobo and follow some of the instructions Woobo is giving because he thinks of this as a companion instead of a parent or someone else telling him to do certain things.”
Jonathan Erickson, the sales director, showed off a board game called "Q"s Race to the Top. "Kevin Chaja said the game got his 4-year-old daughter to open up. "The biggest thing is her talking. And that's the key of all this-getting her feelings expressed out. Like, 'Hey, what does it feel like to be sad?'"
It remains to be seen whether a game or toy can improve emotional intelligence. But toymakers are doing what they can to help parents in their efforts to raise well-rounded children.
【小题1】What does the underlined word “both” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Teachers and guides. | B.Reality technology and virtual image. |
C.Intelligence quality and emotional quotient. | D.Intrapersonal skills and interpersonal skills. |
A.It is communicative. | B.It is educational. |
C.It can follow a parent. | D.It can start of itself. |
A.Cautious. | B.Favorable. | C.Uncertain. | D.Doubtful. |
A.International Toy Fair Ended | B.Raising Kids Needs New Ways |
C.Toys Help Make Children Smart | D.Toymakers Try to Train Parents |
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