About 5,000 years ago, the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also to represent the sounds of their language. The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet.
The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picture-writing and pictures together. When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Some of these pictures are like modern comic strip stories. It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip. But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way of writing simple. The ordinary people could not understand it.
By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea had developed a simpler system of writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and there were fewer of them than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter, represented only one sound in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formed the letters of the Greek alphabet. The Romans copied the idea, and the Roman alphabet is now used all over the world.
These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But we still need pictures of all kinds: drawing, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find them everywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the walls of the places where we live and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they can make a story much more interesting.
【小题1】Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because ______.| A．the hunters wanted to see the pictures |
| B．the painters were animal lovers |
| C．the painters wanted to show imagination |
| D．the pictures were thought to be helpful |
| A．the former was easy to write | B．there were fewer signs in the former |
| C．the former was easy to pronounce | D．each sign stood for only one sound |
| A．The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet. |
| B．The Egyptians liked to write comic-strip stories. |
| C．The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian one. |
| D．The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians. |
| A．should be made comprehensible | B．should be made interesting |
| C．are of much use in our life | D．have disappeared from our life |
Drawing is not just about putting pencil to paper; it is a gateway to creativity, expression and imagination. Whether you are an ambitious Da Vinci or simply looking to learn a new skill, this guide is for sure your artistic roadmap to unlock the magic of drawing.
Preparation work
The first step on your drawing journey is to arm yourself with the right tools and materials.
Start simple
Don’t dive straight into complex compositions. If so, you’ll feel pressured.
Creating lifelike art requires not just technical skill but also a keen eye for detail and a passion for observation.
Grab your sketchbook and focus on items you encounter regularly. Everyday objects are your best teachers.
Learn from the greats
Learning from other artists serves as endless inspiration and knowledge. Their works provide insight into different techniques, styles and interpretations of the world. By standing on the shoulders of artistic giants, you will find your own artistic voice to push your creative exploration forward.
| A．Observation is key. |
| B．Drawing outside the box |
| C．So how can you learn from those things? |
| D．Their craft is based on dedication and hard work. |
| E．Immerse yourself in the wealth of art around you. |
| F．You are advised just to begin with mastering simple shapes. |
| G．There is no need to buy a new set of quality supplies right at the very beginning. |
During his first years in Paris, Capa worked mainly on local photo stories. It was not until 1936 that he got his big breakthrough. He was sent to cover the Spanish Civil War and, as a result, his work started to appear regularly in top magazines and newspapers. It was his picture of a Loyalist Soldier Falling to His Death that brought him international reputation and became powerful symbol of war.
In 1936, shortly after the Spanish War, Capa worked in New York for a while. However, he quickly returned to Europe on the outbreak of World War II and stayed there for six years. His photographs of the Normandy Invasion became some of the most memorable war photographs in history, and he received the Medal of Freedom Citation for his work.
Capa’s job as a war photographer often put him in great personal danger, but despite the risks his motto was always: “If your pictures aren’t good enough, you aren’t close enough.” However, on 25 May 1954, Capa’s luck ran out. He was working on an assignment in French Indochina when he stepped on a land mine. He was killed instantly.
Today Robert Capa is considered one of the finest war photographers of all time. He was an exceptional photojournalist who used his camera to express and record the horror of the events around him. Not surprisingly Capa hated war, especially his often passive role in it. “It’s not always easy to stand aside and be unable to do anything except record the sufferings around one.” he said.
【小题1】How did Robert Capa get his “big breakthrough”?| A．He went abroad and commanded the Spanish Civil War. |
| B．He began to write for top magazines and newspapers. |
| C．Before 1936 he was well received as war photographer. |
| D．He became very famous as a war photographer. |
| A．Because he joined the Second World War bravely. |
| B．Because of his photographs taken during the war. |
| C．Because he worked in Europe where he stayed for about 6 years. |
| D．Because he died from stepping on a land mine. |
| A．to take pictures good enough, you can’t avoid going to the front at the risk of losing your own lives |
| B．to be a good photographer. you are never too close to nature |
| C．it is important to be close enough to the objects when pictures are taken |
| D．it is not their fault not to have some good pictures to be praised |
| A．Capa is well known as one of the finest war photographers. |
| B．Capa felt sorry for the horror and suffering caused by the war and not being able to help. |
| C．Capa felt sorry to be a war photographer and suffered a lot from the job. |
| D．Capa hoped there wouldn't be any war in the world in future. |
The 2022 Chinese Visual Ethnographic Photo Biennale(中国民族影像志摄影双年展),which aims to collect and preserve the unique history, culture and cherished memories of China’s a variety of ethnic groups, opened in Beijing on Tuesday.
The exhibition combines a grand narrative of the contemporary lives of Chinese ethnic groups with vivid local scenery, connects ancient Chinese civilization to the new era and mirrors the evolution and rebirth of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation in modernization.
The photographers taking part in the exhibition come from all over China and from various backgrounds such as university students or migrant workers. Some are amateur photographers, while others are professionals.
Liu Hui is one of the photographers whose works are on display at the exhibition. His photos document his in-depth exploration of Daliyaboyi, a village in Yutian county, Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Over the past decade, Liu has recorded the lots of changes that have taken place in the village and the impact these have had on villagers’ lives. He has taken more than 150, 000 photos of these villagers who originally lived in the desert. The photos at the exhibition focus on an old herdsman(牧民)in the village. The herdsman and his family have benefited from local poverty-relief policies, moving from the desert to a new town with paved roads. Escaping from a tough environment, the herdsman establishes a new life for himself and his family that blends tradition and modernity.
Yan Shuzhen’s works have also been selected for the exhibition. In a connected series of photos, the photographer creates a window for viewers to appreciate a special traditional ceremony of the Mongolian ethnic group. The cutting hair ceremony is one of the most important and grand ceremonies on the path to adulthood among ethnic Mongolians. During the ceremony, elders send their best wishes for the future to the children taking part, while songs and speeches of praise full of traditional values reveal the rich characteristics of the ethnic group.
At the Biennale, many realistic and moving works grabbed people’s attention. These works demonstrate the progress of China’s ethnic groups and show the backbone(骨气)and full picture of the unified spirit that binds the country’s diverse cultures.
As a spiritual home for the unity of China’s 56 ethnic groups, the Biennale has shown its profound significance in promoting mutual understanding and unity among different ethnic groups in the country.
【小题1】What do Liu Hui’s works try to show?| A．The vivid local scenery of ethnic groups. |
| B．The culture and customs of ethnic groups. |
| C．The betterment of ethnic groups in Xinjiang. |
| D．The contribution of modern ethnic groups. |
| A．They hold ceremonies frequently. |
| B．They’ve changed living conditions. |
| C．They care a lot for their children. |
| D．They settle in a wild living area. |
| A．The street exhibitions. | B．The house reconstruction. |
| C．The photographers’ help. | D．The government support. |
| A．Opposite. | B．Supportive. | C．Doubtful. | D．Indifferent. |
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