Laughteris in many ways our universal language. Humans love to laugh, and it’s g-组卷网

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Laughter is in many ways our universal language. Humans love to laugh, and it’s good that we do so, because laughing can reduce stress, improve our immune system and relieve pain.

Jeannette Sanger, a laughter yoga instructor from New York, experienced the latter benefit last summer. She was cooking when a pot of boiling water overflowed and hurt her leg. “It was painful,” she said, but she forced herself to use her own skills as medicine and tried laughing to reduce the pain. “As my husband drove me to the nearest hospital, I was sitting in the back seat laughing,” Sanger told The Huffington Post. “It successfully stopped me from giving my attention to the pain.”

Even forced laughter like Sanger’s can have a great effect on the body, according to Dr. Madan Kataria, a medical doctor from India who developed laughter yoga, a practice that draws on the breathing exercises of yoga to produce therapeutic(有疗效的) results. The doctor wa researching for an article entitled “Laughter-The Best Medicine” when he made the surprising discovery that both forced and sincere laughter can affect our health.

In 2014, researchers at California’s Loma Linda University found that older adults who watch funny videos show improvement in their powers of recall and show lower stress levels. Another study at the University of Maryland Medical Center found that people who laugh more and have a sense of humour are less likely to get heart disease.

“Laughing is a way of learning how to play again,” Sanger said. Sanger’s classes start out with simple breathing and movement activities. “Motion creates emotion,” she said.

【小题1】What is Jeannette Sanger?

A．A doctor.

B．A cook.

C．A researcher.

D．A trainer.

【小题2】Why did Jeannette Sanger laugh?

A．To reduce stress.	B．To enjoy its benefit.
C．To relieve pain.	D．To amuse herself

【小题3】How can humor help people?

A．It can result in more laughter.	B．It can make you more sensitive.
C．It’s likely to cause heart disease.	D．It may lead to memory recovery.

【小题4】What does the last sentence of the passage mean?

A．By moving around you’re changing your mood.

B．Motion brings about great change to your emotion.

C．Your emotion can be improved by moving a lot.

D．Humor has both physical and psychological effects.

22-23高二上·河南洛阳·期中

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Falling asleep or coming down from anxiety might never be as easy as 1-2-3, but some experts believe a different set of numbers—4-7-8—comes much closer to doing the trick.

“What a lot of sleep difficulties are all about is people who struggle to fall asleep because their mind is buzzing,” said Rebecca Robbins, an instructor in medicine at Harvard Medical School.

“【小题1】 And that’s exactly what we need to do before we go to bed.”

The 4-7-8 method doesn’t require any equipment or specific setting, but when you’re initially learning the exercise, you should sit with your back straight, according to Weil. Practicing in a calm, quiet place could help, said Robbins. 【小题2】

During the entire practice, place the tip of your tongue against the ridge of tissue behind your upper front teeth, as you’ll be exhaling (呼气) through your mouth around your tongue. Then follow these steps, according to Weil:

● Completely exhale through your mouth, making a whoosh sound.

● 【小题3】

● Hold your breath for a count of seven.

● Exhale through your mouth, making a whoosh sound for a count of eight.

● Repeat the process three more times for a total of four breath cycles.

● Keeping to the ratio of four, then seven and then eight counts is more important than the time you spend on each phase, according to Weil.

● “【小题4】 With practice you can slow it all down and get used to inhaling and exhaling more and more deeply,” his website advised.

When you’re stressed out, your sympathetic nervous system (交感神经系统)— responsible for your fight-or-flight response — is overly active. This makes you feel overstimulated and not ready to relax and transition into sleep, Rebecca said. “An active sympathetic nervous system can cause a fast heart rate as well as rapid and shallow breathing.”

The 4-7-8 breathing practice can help activate your parasympathetic nervous system — responsible for resting and digesting — which reduces sympathetic activity. 【小题5】 Activating the parasympathetic system also gives an anxious brain something to focus on besides “why am I not sleeping?” Weil said.

A．Breathe out some air for a count of four.

B．It can put the body in a state easier for restful sleep, he added.

C．Once you get the hang of it, you can use the technique while lying in bed.

D．But if you’re a beginner, you could feel a little lightheaded at first, Rebecca said.

E．Close your mouth and quietly inhale through your nose to a mental count of four.

F．But exercises like the 4-7-8 technique give you the opportunity to practice being at peace.

G．If you have trouble holding your breath, speed the exercise up but keep the ratio (consistent) for the three phases.