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One of the world’s oldest preserved human settlements has been significantly damaged by heavy rain in Pakistan.

Moenjodaro, a World Heritage site in the Indus River Valley was built in the Bronze Age, some 5, 000 years ago. “Unfortunately we witnessed the mass destruction at the site,” reads a letter from the Cultural, Tourism, & Antiquities Department of Singh state sent to UNESCO and signed by curator Ihsan Ali Abbasi and architect Naveed Ahmed Sangah. The letter adds the site was being used as temporary accommodation for local residents whose own homes had flooded. Currently, around one-third of Pakistan is underwater after downpours combined with water from melting icebergs.

Most of Moenjodaro’s structures, which were discovered in the 1920s, are above ground and easy to be affected by environmental damage. The letter explains some of the immediate actions the site team has taken to reduce the flood damage, like bringing in water pumps, repairing brickwork and cleaning drains (下水道).

But it’s clear that these measures will not be enough. Abbasi and Sangah ended their letter by asking for $45 million to cover the costs of full repairs. UNESCO has responded to the request for help, delivering $350, 000 from its emergency fund. The funds will go to Moenjodaro and other sites including the Sehwan folk and craft museum, the Amri Museum and the historical monuments at Makli.

Moenjodaro’s significance as a historical and architectural site cannot be underestimated. When it was added to UNESCO’s register in 1980, the organization wrote that Moenjodaro “presents outstanding evidence of the Indus civilization,” making up of “the most ancient planned city on the Indian subcontinent.” During its glorious days, the city was a metropolis. There were markets, public baths, and a sewage system mostly constructed out of sun-baked brick.

In their letter, Abbasi and Sangah express concern that Moenjodaro could be added to the list of UNESCO sites in danger. Sites currently on this list include Florida’s Everglades National Park and the city of Liverpool, England.

【小题1】Which statement about Moenjodaro is NOT true? ________
A.Measures have been taken to save Moenjodaro in time.
B.There were people living in Moenjodaro around 5000 years ago.
C.Moenjodaro is used as accommodation for local people from time to time.
D.The structures of Moenjodaro are too weak to stand against natural disasters.
【小题2】What has UNESCO responded to the letter? ________
A.Covering the whole costs of restoring.
B.Providing a certain amount of financial aid.
C.Adding Moenjodaro to the list of UNESCO sites in danger.
D.Repairing Moenjodaro and other museums and monuments.
【小题3】What does the underlined part “a metropolis” mean? ________
A.A busy center.B.An old museum.
C.A valuable treasure.D.An advanced society.
【小题4】Who is the writer of the text? ________
A.Delivery man.B.News reporter.
C.Local experience guide.D.Self-driving car designer.
22-23高一上·重庆·期中
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On a warm spring morning in 1984, Dong Yao-hui and his two young friends pulled on backpacks and set out on a hike of the Great Wall. 【小题1】 From there they went forward to the vast west. By sunset, they took shelter in ancient towers where soldiers once stood guard, perhaps watching for invaders from the north.

The walk of 17 months and 8, 850 kilometers tests persistence. But it’s well worth the effort. 【小题2】 The trip would not only change their lives but the fortunes of the wall itself, helping preserve it and lift it to the status it holds today.

On completing their journey, they published their experiences in a book. As they shared their adventures, it became clear that it was not just the physical demands but also the emotional impact that left lasting impressions.

【小题3】 Since then, China has made a number of measures to protect the attraction. In 2006, for instance, the State Council issued the Regulation on the Protection of Great Wall to strengthen laws concerning its preservation and regulate activities on the structure.

The Cultural Relics Administrative Department has been given control over the overall protection of the Great Wall. 【小题4】.

Dong places his hands on the weathered wall, as he did 35 years ago. But today, he thinks more deeply on a mission grander than his own journey. “Someone dug up some earth, making it into a brick,” he says. “Someone else brought it all the way up the mountain and built a wall. Then many people guarded the wall for hundreds of years. The Great Wall is definitely alive. 【小题5】.”

A.It isn’t just a cold, stone wall.
B.Their walk began in Shanhai Pass.
C.Preservation requires the efforts of all society.
D.It wound its way and reached into the Bohai Sea.
E.It made them the first ever to walk the whole length.
F.Meanwhile, local villagers has recently been hired to act as guardians.
G.Preservation work began when the Great Wall was listed as a World Heritage Site.

By drawing patterns on the surface of a cup of tea, chabaixi, an ancient Chinese tea trick displayed in a recent TV drama, has gone viral (走红) for its apparent similarity with modern latte art (咖啡拉花艺术). However, ten years ago, this distinctive technique was close to disappearing completely. Zhang Zhifeng, a practitioner of chabaixi, found scenes of chabaixi in the drama aroused great interest among ordinary people.

Chabaixi can create endless patterns such as bamboos and mountains or even calligraphy. There are over a dozen steps, from grinding (碾碎) tea for fine powder, to pouring boiled water, stirring the mixture for thick froth, and finally drawing the patterns. It is different from making latte because people use clear water as the object to put into the cup instead of milk. But when the water touches the surface of whipped (搅打起泡沫的) tea, it turns into a white color and disappears in 20 minutes. The process before the drawing is known as the tea-making technique, diancha. The quality of diancha is crucial to whether patterns can be successfully produced later.

“Chabaixi is one of the countless forms of tea-making techniques in China. The importance of chabaixi is not only that this technique is unique in the world, but also it gives us a window into people’s lifestyle in the Song Dynasty, a period of time when leisure activities in some ways like what we have now,” Zhang said.

Before chabaixi was discovered by TV audiences, the technique was listed as part of China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2017, after it was recovered by Zhang Zhifeng. He started researching the origins of chabaixi in the 1980s and brought the technique back in 2009 after decades of trials and practice. Zhang spent nearly 30 years studying and researching the origins and making of tea, but for him it was all worthwhile.

“This technique is key to the tea culture of the Song Dynasty, and it would be a shame to let it fade. This technique must be passed on to the next generations so they can understand its history,” Zhang said.

【小题1】What happened to chabaixi recently?
A.It has disappeared.B.It became popular quickly.
C.It became a latte art.D.It has aroused everyone’s interest.
【小题2】What do we know about chabaixi?
A.It develops based on latte art.B.It mainly describes beautiful scenery.
C.It is painted with whipped milk.D.It involves complicated tea-making skills.
【小题3】What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A.The origin of chabaixi.B.The significance of chabaixi.
C.The uniqueness of chabaixi.D.The development of chabaixi.
【小题4】What can we infer about Zhang Zhifeng?
A.He is leading young generations to change chabaixi.
B.He teaches people the tea culture of the Song Dynasty.
C.He is committed to developing chabaixi through media.
D.He encourages people to pass on the technique of chabaixi.

Sundays are for sewing. That much, at least, has not changed for Bo Dollis Jr.

During Memorial Day weekend, after New Orleans officials relaxed social distancing rules, the Big Chief of the Wild Magnolias Mardi Gras Indians got his tribe together for the first time since everything came unglued. About 15 people came, and they sat together on folding chairs, laughing, joking, and sewing. Each had an open toolbox stuffed with small plastic bags of beads (珠子) at their feet and a stretched canvas across their laps. They shared advice and suggestions as easily as they passed around needles, with which they attached beads to the canvas in the shape of bears, horses, and native people.

For Dollis, the sewing session marked a return to normalcy and an opportunity to continue sharing this New Orleans tradition he learned from his father. It ends each spring when tribes across the city unveil their year’s work: A hand- beaded masterpiece of color and feathers—a new suit—that shines in the southern sunlight as the tribes sing, dance, and show off how pretty they are.

Traditionally, Mardi Gras Indians have but a few days to wear their suits, including Mardi Gras Day and St. Joseph’s Day in March. The coronavirus, however, interrupted this tradition. New Orleans officials shut down public events and began enforcing social distancing just days before St. Joseph’s.

Instead of parading on the streets with his tribe, Dollis sat at home that night and cried. “That was a heartbreaker.” he said.

For many of New Orleans’ chefs, musicians, dancers, Mardi Gras Indians, singers, and street performers, the coronavirus has meant a loss of income, opportunity, and stability. For some, it’s brought sickness and grief. And for all, it has challenged how they identify and express themselves. But this city has been forged by challenge for hundreds of years. Over its history, one thing has proven true: New Orleans can not be infected, flooded, burned, or defeated.

“A disaster is a disaster. Hard times are hard times,” said Dollis. “We know every year we should expect a hurricane, so we’re psychologically prepared to handle it. ... Every year, we make a new suit. It’s in the genes.”

【小题1】Which one of the following can be inferred from the description of the sewing Sunday in Paragraph 2?
A.Sewing is a yearly collective activity among the tribe.
B.The tribe members are enjoying continuing their routine.
C.Nothing can change the rule the chief sets about the get-together.
D.A few more tribe people have been scared away by social distancing rules.
【小题2】Dollis cried on the night of the St. Joseph’s Day because ________.
A.social distancing rules were just relaxed.B.how to recover economy was a headache.
C.a chance to identify the tribe slipped away.D.parading without a fine suit was heartbreaking.
【小题3】The underlined word “forged” in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to ________.
A.conqueredB.replacedC.fakedD.formed
【小题4】Why did Dollis mention “a hurricane” at the end of the passage?
A.To offer support for the attack of hurricanes to New Orleans.
B.To propose a way to keep natural disasters under control.
C.To recommend the need to accept the fall of tradition.
D.To present the determination to preserve the city.

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