The world has just endured its hottest year on record, with global average temperatures 【小题1】 (break) historical records. There is no denying that climate change is one of the most urgent 【小题2】 (challenge) facing humankind. No one can be safe 【小题3】 the threat of climate change.

China, the world's largest developing country and a responsible major country, 【小题4】 (overcome) many challenges by taking a series of measures so far. It has planned to peak its carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060. The country is set to achieve the highest 【小题5】 (reduce) in carbon intensity globally. 【小题6】 (addition), promoting clean energy and the low-carbon transformation of the economy 【小题7】 (be) now a globally accepted method of addressing climate change.

Because of global warming, extreme weather events are increasing in frequency and intensity. Building 【小题8】 solid front line of disaster prevention is crucial for dealing with the effects of extreme weather events. People are expected work together to 【小题9】 (deep) international cooperation and make greater contributions to building a clean and beautiful world and safeguarding the Earth, the only place 【小题10】 we can call home.

Droughts( 干旱) Cause Problems to China

This summer has brought serious heat and droughts to places around the world. The droughts are leading to serious problems, including food and energy shortages, transportation problems, 【小题1】 price increases. The influences of the droughts are likely to be felt for years.

China 【小题2】(face) with similar problems now, too. It has been troubled by a terrible drought this summer, with temperatures as high as 45℃. The drought has dried up much of the water in the Yangtze River, China’s 【小题3】 (long) river . That has cut the amount (数量) of energy 【小题4】 is produced by the world’s largest dam by 40%.

China hasn’t been able to produce enough energy, since millions of people are using electricity to keep cool. In Sichuan Province, the government is closing 【小题5】 (factory) down because there’s not enough energy. The country is trying to make it rain by 【小题6】 (send) chemicals into clouds, which, however, is 【小题7】 uncertain and temporary (临时的) measure .

There are no easy ways for any of these droughts. 【小题8】 took years to create the climate problem, and getting it under control will take more time. For now, governments and people will need to 【小题9】 (careful)manage water supplies and other things 【小题10】 (stop) the damage.

The world’s oceans reached their hottest level in recorded history last year, supercharging (加剧) extreme weather events, scientists have reported. They found that the five hottest recorded years in the oceans 【小题1】(occur) since 2015, and that the rate of heating since 1986 was eight times higher than 【小题2】 from 1960-85. Oceans cover 71% of the planet and water can absorb thousands of times more heat than air, 【小题3】 is why 93% of global heating is taken up by seas.

Hotter oceans destroy rainfall patterns, which 【小题4】(lead) to floods, droughts and wildfires. Heat also causes seawater 【小题5】 (expand) and drives up sea levels. Scientists expect about one metre of sea level rise by the end of the century, 【小题6】(threaten) 150 million people. Higher temperatures in the seas are also harming marine (海洋的) life, with 【小题7】 number of ocean heatwaves increasing 【小题8】(sharp).

The study also finds that the sinking of surface waters and upwelling of deeper water is reducing as the seas heat up. This means the surface layers heats up even further and fewer nutrients for marine life are brought up from the 【小题9】(deep).

“The oceans reached yet another new record level of warmth in 2020,【小题10】 a record drop in global carbon emissions (排放). The planet will continue to warm up as long as we emit carbon into the atmosphere,” said Prof Michael Mann of Penn State University.