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When you love working out, taking a break from exercise can seem a waste of time — there are training plans to follow and goals to be met. So, what’s the problem? According to new research, excessive training can be damaging to mental well-being.

‌“The benefits of regular physical activity are well-established, but it’s possible to have too much of a good thing, says Janet, an expert at physical training. But how do you know if you’re doing too much? ”Over-exercising can mean training for too long or too intensely without enough rest for your personal limits,‌” she says. “Some of us may feel unable to stop.‌” Indeed, one research shows almost 40 percent of us feel guilty if we miss a workout and less than 59 percent regularly take a rest day. So should you be taking more time out?

By exercising beyond your limits, not only could you injure your body and reduce muscle mass, you could also end up feeling anxious, too. Over-exercising can impact your mood, relationships and ability to function in other areas of your life, warns Janet. “Exercise releases the stress hormone cortisol. For most people, this can help you better manage stress levels. Over-exercising, however, can lead to increased levels of cortisol in the blood stream which can lead to poor sleep, depression and problems with memory and concentration.‌”

Still not convinced? If you find it hard to put down your trainers, you’re not alone. Up to 10 percent of endurance athletes are affected by overtraining syndrome, with common effects including muscle soreness, persistent fatigue and even mental breakdown, says Professor James. “In addition, over-exercise can stimulate hyper inflammation, which has a severe effect on brain health.‌” There is a simple solution, however. “It has been shown that exhaustion may be delayed almost indefinitely by frequent and regular short breaks,‌” assures James.

【小题1】What is Janet’s attitude towards excessive exercising?
A.Favorable.B.Tolerant.C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.
【小题2】What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.Definitions of over-exercising.
B.Effects of excessive exercising.
C.Benefits of exercising with friends.
D.Approaches to reaching people’s limits.
【小题3】Which statement would James most probably agree with?
A.Over-exercising can lead to severe stress problems.
B.Taking a rest from over-exercising could ease tiredness.
C.Brain health can be guaranteed by improving concentration.
D.Over-training syndrome is common for those who exercise regularly.
【小题4】Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A.What is regular exercising?B.Say no to extreme exercise.
C.Take a short break from exercise.D.How to balance exercise and work?
22-23高三上·广东广州·阶段练习
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On Christmas Eve 2020, fire trucks rushed to Chittle’s home in the sleepy little town of Manton, Michigan. But it wasn’t because of a Christmas nightmare. Far from it.

Winters can be long and tough in this far north, Scott Chittle knew something had to be done to bring some cheer to the 1,555 people in Manton.

Chittle, 51, lives in a big yellow house with his mother and two children. When he was three, his father built an ice skating rink (溜冰场) in their backyard, where Chittle and his friends would spend endless hours over the coming years playing hockey. That, Chittle thought, is what the children in this community need.

One problem was that Chittle had no clue how to build an ice rink. Luckily, after watching a tutorial (教程) in YouTube, he smoothed out a 3,000-square-foot section of his yard and ordered a huge tarp (防水布) large enough to cover it. Now he needed the ice. That’s where those fire trucks came in. It took 12 of them to spray enough water to fill the plot. Then he waited for Mother Nature to do the rest.

It wasn’t long before Chittle’s backyard became a Manton hot spot. The smell of baked hot dogs and burning firewood filled the air. And the laughter and screams of children playing hockey made their parents smile.

But the kindness didn’t stop with Chittle. When word got out that he’d spent $1,400 out of his own pocket to build his rink of dreams, neighbors, strangers and businesses donated $3,000 to cover the costs and more.

For Chittle, the ice rink was always about more than kids blowing off some steam. It was about surviving even the darkest times. “I want to show the rest of the world,” says Chittle, “what a little effort one person and the community can do, not only for others but for the souls of all.”

【小题1】Why did Chittle build the ice rink?
A.To develop a hot spot.B.To play hockey himself.
C.To entertain local people.D.To meet the businesses’ demands.
【小题2】What can we know about Chittle from the text?
A.He was expert at building an ice rink.
B.He was injured in building the ice rink.
C.He built the rink completely by himself.
D.He enjoyed playing hockey in his childhood.
【小题3】How did fire trucks help Chittle according to the text?
A.By supplying enough water.B.By helping him cover a huge tarp.
C.By saving him from a terrible fire.D.By rushing him to the nearest hospital.
【小题4】What’s the public’s attitude to Chittle’s building his rink?
A.Indifferent.B.Doubtful.C.Unwilling.D.Supportive.

I got my first bike when I was nine years old. Jimmy, the bike, was my first love. I rode it everywhere. The suburb, the back lanes, the fields and forests, the river paths and swampland were far more exciting than any adventure novel or television series.

There’s nothing quite like the relationship between a child and his bicycle and the endless happiness two wheels and a pair of strong legs offer. No video or computer game can replace the liberation of being alone on a bicycle.

As parents, to deny children the simple pleasure of riding a bike is a failure of our responsibilities to raise independent and stable young citizens. We should offer our children a healthy alternative to hours in front of an addictive screen. Studies have shown that cycling promotes not only muscle growth but brain growth. Guess which country has children with the best mental health outcomes and is regularly the top of listings of the happiest young people. No surprise it’s the Netherlands, the unquestioned leader among industrial countries in encouraging bicycle use.

Our dependence on cars has degraded the public transport system, polluted our sky, led to the untimely death of thousands every year, and denied children safe access to their suburbs. A recent study found that 69% of children were accompanied to school. The same study found that a similar number of parents drove to work.

In some regions of Japan, when children start their first year of school, parents are expected to walk with them for the first few weeks, introducing them to residents and shopkeepers along the chosen route, letting the community take care of these children. However, driving children to school is proscribed. Children can choose to ride a bike or walk to school after they are familiar with the community, and it’s the community’s role to keep them safe.

Therefore, I strongly advise the government to provide better infrastructure (基础设施). Build separated cycle lanes, decrease speed limits, and design street scapes that favour people over cars. The results will be less pollution, quieter suburbs, a healthier population and, best of all, happy and independent children.

【小题1】What can we infer about the author from the text?
A.He was addicted to computer games.
B.He liked taking adventurous trips in nature.
C.He had   great fun exploring the outside by cycling.
D.He got his first birthday present at the age of nine.
【小题2】Why does the author mention the Netherlands in Paragraph 3?
A.To introduce his good way of raising independent children.
B.To illustrate the great influence riding has on mental health.
C.To stress the importance of being physically and mentally healthy.
D.To explain cycling does best in city development in the Netherlands.
【小题3】What does the underlined word “proscribed” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A.Recommended.B.Protected.C.Delayed.D.Forbidden.
【小题4】How does the author mainly support his idea?
A.By analyzing causes.B.By listing examples.
C.By giving definitions.D.By analyzing scientific data.

A study has found that a lifetime of regular exercise and activity can slow down the aging process (衰老过程). Researchers say that getting older should not necessarily mean becoming more weak or sick. Their research shows that a devotion to a life of movement and exercise may help us live not only longer, but also healthier.

For their study, the researchers looked at two groups. The first group was made up of 125 non-professional cyclists between the ages of 55 to 79. This group included 84 healthy men and 41 healthy women. We will call this group the “cyclists”.

Researchers then found 130 people to make up a second group. Within this group, 75 people were aged from 57 to 80. The other 55 were between the ages of 20 and 36. The people in this group were also healthy, but they did not exercise regularly. We will call this group the “non-exercisers”. Smokers, heavy drinkers of alcohol and people with other health issues were not included in the study.

Then, researchers gave both groups a series of tests. They tested their muscle mass (肌肉质量), muscular strength, percentage of body fat and the strength of their immune (免疫的) systems. Then the researchers compared the results of the two groups.

Results showed that the cyclists did not experience body changes usually regarded as a normal aging process. For example, they did not lose muscle mass or muscular strength. Also, their body fat did not increase with age.

The researchers also found something they had not expected. The study showed that the immune systems of the cyclists did not age either.

The researchers advise us all to find an exercise that we like in our lives.

【小题1】How did the researchers carry out the study?
A.By comparing.B.By discussing.
C.By imagining.D.By reasoning.
【小题2】Which of the following is a result of the research?
A.The cyclists kept a thin body shape.
B.The non-exercisers gained weight easily.
C.The cyclists’ muscles remained strong with age.
D.The non-exercisers usually had health problems.
【小题3】Which is an unexpected result for the researchers?
A.The cyclists had normal aging process.
B.The cyclists’ immune systems didn’t age.
C.The cyclists lost nearly all their fat.
D.Everyone needed an exercise in their lives.
【小题4】Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.Healthy People Need More Exercise
B.Take an Exercise, the Harder, the Better
C.Cycling Is the Best Way to Prevent Aging
D.A Lifetime of Exercise Slows Aging Process

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