A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically “proved” by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. Today, hardly anybody would dare to _______this principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be_______ from the wealth Western industrialized countries, where a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence (生活维持费) _______ unemployment, sickness and old age. I would go one step further and argue that, even if these _________ are not present, everyone has the right to receive the means to subsist (维持生活). In other words, he can claim this subsistence minimum ________ having to have any “reason”. I would suggest, ________, that it should be limited to a definite period of time, let’s say two years, so as to avoid the _________ of an abnormal attitude which refused any kind of social obligation.
This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think, our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were _______ to receive minimum support, people would not work. This _______ rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature. ________, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.
However, the suspicions against a system of _________ subsistence minimum are not groundless, from the standpoint of those who want to use their ________ of capital(资金) for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer. If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would have to be sufficiently________ to attract one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and________ it; in the present capitalist system this is not the case.
But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees, its principal________ would be the improvement of freedom in inter-personal relationships in every sphere of daily life.
【小题1】A.challenge | B.voice | C.question | D.disapprove |
【小题2】A.excluded | B.separated | C.spared | D.rescued |
【小题3】A.in terms of | B.in case of | C.in light of | D.in spite of |
【小题4】A.fees | B.citizens | C.solutions | D.conditions |
【小题5】【小题6】A.therefore | B.however | C.moreover | D.hence |
【小题7】A.shaping | B.displaying | C.discouraging | D.encouraging |
【小题8】A.entitled | B.accustomed | C.adapted | D.forbidden |
【小题9】A.conclusion | B.deception | C.assumption | D.truth |
【小题10】A.Actually | B.Importantly | C.Surprisingly | D.Unfortunately |
【小题11】A.limited | B.limitless | C.guaranteed | D.confirmed |
【小题12】A.transfer | B.flow | C.lack | D.ownership |
【小题13】A.boring | B.interesting | C.tiring | D.chilling |
【小题14】A.reverse | B.restore | C.revise | D.reject |
【小题15】A.advantage | B.weakness | C.problem | D.setback |