Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Quantum computer chips demonstrated at the highest temperatures ever
Quantum computing is heating up. For the first time, quantum computer chips 【小题1】 (operate) at a temperature above -272℃, or 1 kelvin. That may still seem frigid, but it is just warm enough to potentially enable a huge leap in the capabilities.
Quantum computers are made of quantum bits, or qubits(量子比特), 【小题2】 can be made in several different ways. One that 【小题3】 (receive) attention from some of the field’s big players consists of electrons on a silicon chip.
These systems only function at extremely low temperatures-below 100 millikelvin, or -273.05℃ -so the qubits have to be stored in powerful refrigerators. The electronics that power them won’t run at such low temperatures, and also emit heat that could disrupt the qubits, so 【小题4】 are generally stored outside the refrigerators with each qubit is connected by a wire to its electronic controller.
“Eventually, for useful quantum computing, we will need to go to something like a million qubits, and this sort of brute force method, with one wire per qubit, won’t work any more,” says Menno Veldhorst at QuTech in the Netherlands. “It works for two qubits, but not for a million.”
Veldhorst and his colleagues, 【小题5】 another team led by researchers at the University of New South Wales in Australia, have how demonstrated that these qubits can be operated at 【小题6】 (high) temperatures. The latter team showed they were able to control the state of two qubits on a chip at temperatures up to 1.5 kelvin, and Veldhorst’s group used two qubits at 1.1 kelvin in 【小题7】 is called a logic gate, which performs the basic operations that make up more complex calculations.
【小题8】 we know the qubits themselves can function at higher temperatures, the next step is incorporating the electronics onto the same chip. “I hope that 【小题9】 we have that circuit, it won’t be too hard to scale to something with practical applications,” says Veldhorst.
Those quantum circuits will be similar in many ways to the circuits we use of traditional computers, so they can be scaled up relatively easily 【小题10】 (compare) with other kinds of quantum computers, he says.
