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Anne Lacaton and Jean-Phippe Vassal, this year’s Pritzker Prize winners, were as surprised as anyone else when the most famous award in architecture was made public yesterday.

“Of course it’s very pleasant, and we are very pleased,”Lacaton said at a conference with her partner, both smiling broadly from their black eyeglasses.

Putting aside their eyeglasses, Lacaton and Vassal could not be more different from an earlier generation of Pritzker winners, known for their easily recognizable styles and grand work. Instead, the two apply their simple guideline to their work on old urban buildings for low-income families: Never destroy, never remove or replace, always add, transform, and reuse!

When Lacaton and Vassal were asked to redesign a particularly large and over-crowded public housing block in Bordeaux in 2017, the residents (居民) told them they could not afford to move, even temporarily, but they wanted bigger units. Their solution was to replace the folding wooden front door with sliding glass door to each unit and painted the ugly walls with something bright. Suddenly, everyone had roomy outdoor space, some of which could be used during the winter as “winter gardens.”

“So, people can not only get sun and light and spend time with family, but it’s also open to neighbors,” Columbia University architecture professor Mabel Wilson.“I would love to live in one of the apartments t they’ve redesigned.”

Their approach of cheap and creative re-adaption could be a model for urban planning in the US, Wilson adds, where destruction has been seen as a solution to old public housing in such cities as Chicago and St. Louis.

There’s a lot of violence in architecture and urbanism. We try to be precise. We try to work with kindness,” Lacaton once explained.“Buildings are beautiful when people feel well in them, when the light inside is beautiful and the air is pleasant, when the exchange with the outside seems easy and gentle, and when uses and sensations are unexpected,”

Lacaton and Vassal started their firm in Paris in 1987. Together, they worked primarily in France.

【小题1】Why are Lacaton’s and Vassal’s eyeglasses mentioned in paragraph 3?
A.To draw readers attention to their unusual color.
B.To show that Pritzker Prize winners need eyeglasses.
C.To tell us how surprised and happy they are for the prize
D.To stress their only possible similarity with other Pritzker winners.
【小题2】What did Lacaton and Vassal do in the Bordeaux public housing project?
A.They built winter gardens in the outdoor space.
B.They destroyed the walls to provide more space.
C.They just changed the doors and repainted the walls.
D.They provided bigger temporary rooms for the residents.
【小题3】What have Lacaton and Vassal most probably done to win the Pritzker Prize?
A.They have built many public houses with unique styles.
B.They have designed various famous buildings in the world.
C.They have provided free services for poor families in the US.
D.They have tried to transform old urban buildings with kindness.
【小题4】In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A.Architecture.B.Environment.C.Lifestyle.D.Politics.
22-23高三上·河南·开学考试
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The door of a small cage opens up and a bird flies into a large enclosure (围场). The bird lands on a tree and moves its red head to the side, as if it is surprised. “That’s what it feels like to be free,” said Juan Camilo Panqueba, who works at a wildlife center in the Colombian city of Bogota, far from the Caribbean coast, where the bird usually lives.

Birdsong contests have taken place all over the Caribbean for hundreds of years. Although catching any wildlife is not permitted by the law, wildlife trafficking (非法交易) still happens a lot in Colombia, as the officials were too busy fighting with the drug trade, nongovernment fighters and other dangerous groups. Until recently, they did not enforce (强制实施) the law. Now, as dangerous groups have fallen and with the drug trade mostly destroyed, officials are taking another look.

Three weeks ago, Colombian officials saved birds from a group. The group was mostly people who had recently moved to Bogota from the Caribbean and Venezuela. Officials accuse (控告) the group of setting up a songbird competition on social media. In a closed Facebook group, crowds cheered and recorded the loudness and the number of calls from each bird. The owner of the winning bird received$100, and people who correctly predicted the winner could also win money. Environmental officials say the birds were badly hurt, because they were kept in the small cages and forced to listen to loud music all day long to make sure they can sing. In the wild, the birds sing to protect themselves or find a mate. “For them, it was like cruel harm,” noted Juan Camilo Panqueba, who works at Bogota’s wildlife center. There, he and others care for birds and more than 1, 000 animals.

Colombians have grown to understand the importance of wildlife, and officials are working to end animal trafficking.

【小题1】Colombia has lots of wildlife trafficking because ________.
A.there was no law to protect wildlife
B.people from other countries kept coming
C.Colombians are people that like birds very much
D.the government didn’t have enough time to carry out the law strictly
【小题2】What can we know about the songbird contest?
A.It’s a new form of entertainment.
B.The birds were badly treated during the contest.
C.Finding their mates was what birds sang for.
D.All the owners of the birds can win a prize.
【小题3】What might the future be like about wildlife in Colombia?
A.There will be less and less harm to wildlife.
B.Government officials will keep the wild animals.
C.Birdsong contests will be more and more popular.
D.Many wild animals will die out because of the trafficking.
【小题4】What is the main idea of the passage?
A.The bird training methods are important.
B.There are many kinds of wildlife in Colombia.
C.Colombia has introduced laws to stop the harm to wildlife.
D.Birdsong contests did a lot of harm to birds and Colombia is trying to stop it.

During the Halloween season, many people visit pumpkin (南瓜) fields or carve pumpkins. But paddle (用桨划) a 1,000-pound pumpkin in a race? On October 22 in Oregon, paddlers in Halloween clothes did just that.

The West Coast Giant Pumpkin Regatta took place on the lake in Tualatin, a small city outside Portland. Back in 2004, a club called the Pacific Giant Vegetable Growers (PGVG) came up with the idea for the event. The PGVG wanted to alter their large pumpkins into boats and paddle them. They asked the city of Tualatin if they could use the lake for a party.

The first year, about 100 people showed up. Now, about 20,000 come to watch the races. “It’s just a good time to finally have some fun with these pumpkins that we’ve spent countless hours all year long trying to grow,” said Jim Sherwood, a champion pumpkin grower, who is one of the Regatta’s founders and organizers.

The PGVG provides pumpkins for the Regatta’s five races. This year, paddlers came from across the country and from as far away as France and Japan. “Surprisingly, it’s on a lot of people’s wish list to paddle a pumpkin,” said Heidi Marx, the event’s director for the city of Tualatin.

Just before the races began, the growers emptied the pumpkins. The paddlers dressed in holiday clothing jumped in, and the first race started.

Gary Kristensen from Happy Valley, Oregon, won the first race. He was dressed as the movie character Mrs. Doubtfire. It was Kristensen’s fourth year winning a pumpkin race. “Once everybody thinks you will win, it starts to give you a little bit of pressure,” he said. “Fortunately, my pumpkin was pretty fast.”

For the less competitive players, the Regatta was all about fun. “The best part is just watching all the families enjoying the day.” Marx, a player, said. People are going to remember it for a long time.”

【小题1】What does the underlined word “alter” in paragraph 2 mean?
A.Move.B.Grow.C.Change.D.Hide.
【小题2】What do we know about Jim Sherwood?
A.His pumpkin boat ran the fastest.
B.He made the biggest pumpkin boat.
C.He sold his pumpkins to the players.
D.He won a competition by growing pumpkins.
【小题3】Why did Gary Kristensen feel stressed before the race?
A.He had been expected to win the race.
B.His pumpkin boat was not fast enough.
C.He feared to make mistakes in the race.
D.It was his first time to take part in the race.
【小题4】What is the most important for the less competitive players?
A.Pleasure.B.The prize.
C.Staying with their families.D.The impression they left on others.

The big French pet care company AgroBiothers Laboratoire will no longer sell very small containers for raising fish.

The company has a 27 percent share of the French market for products used by people who raise animals at home. But it said it would no longer sell any fishbowls that hold less than 15 liters of water. They will only offer four-sided ones.

The company said it was animal abuse (虐待) to put fish in small bowls without added oxygen and filtration. Filtration is the process of removing small waste from the water with a device.

AgroBiothers chief Matthieu Lambeaux recently used the term “impulse”—meaning a sudden strong desire to do something—to describe why many adults buy goldfish. “People buy a goldfish for their kids on impulse, but if they knew what torture it is, they would not do it. Turning round and round in a small bowl drives fish crazy and kills them quickly,” Lambeaux added.

Goldfish can live up to 30 years and grow to about 25 cm in large aquariums (养鱼缸) or outdoor ponds. But in very small bowls they often die within weeks or months. Lambeaux said goldfish are social animals that need other fish, lots of space and clean water. He added that having an aquarium requires some special equipment and knowledge.

Germany and several other European countries have long banned (禁止) fishbowls, but France has no laws on the problem.

Lambeaux explained the company’s decision further by saying, “We cannot educate all our customers by explaining that keeping fish in a bowl is terrible. We consider that it is our responsibility to no longer give customers that choice.”

“There is demand for fishbowls,” he said, “but the reality is that what we offer children is the possibility of seeing goldfish die slowly.”

【小题1】What makes the French company stop selling certain fishbowls?
A.Their size.B.Their price.
C.Their weight.D.Their popularity.
【小题2】What does the underlined word “torture” probably in paragraph 4 mean?
A.Progress.B.Pleasure.
C.Difficulty.D.Suffering.
【小题3】What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A.The age goldfish can reach.B.Costs of keeping goldfish.
C.Proper living conditions for goldfish.D.The advice on how to choose fishbowls.
【小题4】What does the company prefer to do based on Lambeaux’s words?
A.Raise the price of the fishbowls.B.Remove the chances of harming goldfish.
C.Keep goldfish outside in the wild.D.Educate parents to care for goldfish.

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