An online journalist generates news content for distribution over the Internet. As in other forms of journalism, online journalists seek to answer the “Five Ws” of an event: who, what, when, where, why, and also how.【小题1】However, opinion pieces and blogs can be written from personal angle on a story.

【小题2】Popular degrees for online journalists are communications, journalism, and a native language such as English. Hands-on experience in student publications can also be helpful to online journalists.

In recent years, the blog has become a widely-accepted platform for reporting and debating news and opinions.【小题3】Many well-known public figures regularly contribute to some kind of blog.

Writing as a freelance（自由投稿的）online journalist can have advantages and disadvantages over more common types of jobs. First, working from home allows a journalist to set her own hours. It also can save on transportation and office expenses.【小题4】They are often paid based on what contracts they are successful in securing, which can vary from month to month.

Online journalists can work with a variety of news services. Many traditional newspapers publish online content, such as The New York Times and USA Today. Some newspapers only publish online content.【小题5】

Until recently scientific evidence for a link between employee well-being and company performance has been scarce. In the new IZA World of Labor report, Dr. Eugenio Proto, of the University of Warwick’s Department of Economics, gives some proof. 【小题1】 Finding causal relations between employee well-being and company performance is important for firms to justify spending corporate resources to provide a happier work environment for their employees.

【小题2】 Dr.Proto cites a number of researches that uncovered evidence that happiness leads to greater creativity, and that job satisfaction is positively related with worker productivity. 【小题3】 These can be defined as people who frequently experience positive emotions like joy, satisfaction, contentment, enthusiasm, and interest. For example, adolescent Americans who are “happier” end up with higher incomes several years later in life.

【小题4】 First, if happiness in a workplace carries with it a return in terms of enhanced productivity, there are enormous implications for firms’ promotion policies and for the way they structure their internal labour markets. For example, managers could be rewarded on the basis of employees’ job satisfaction. Second, Proto suggests a win-win situation for everyone.The effect running from happiness to productivity raises the possibility of self-reinforcing spirals-ones that might even operate at a macroeconomic level. Happiness might lead to greater productivity in an economy.【小题5】

If you feel sleepy every morning, don't blame yourself. Your work schedule could be to blame.

A recent research shows that, for many of us, our work schedules do not agree with our natural body clocks—and experts are urging employers to take notice.

“When work schedules agree with people's natural sleep patterns, they produce higher quality and more creative work because they are more focused, less stressed and generally healthier. The opposite is also true—when employees are sleep deprived, they are more likely to make major mistakes and suffer from workplace injuries，” said Christopher Barnes, a management professor from the University of Washington.

“But it's not just about the amount of sleep you get. Whether you can be productive at 8 a．m. depends on your own body. Human beings each have an internal body clock，” said Till Roenneberg, a professor at Ludwig­Maximilian University in Munich. And that clock can differ greatly depending on the person.

“It's like feet，” said Roenneberg. “Some people are born with big feet and some with small feet, but most people are somewhere in the middle.”

Many companies start the work day at 8 a．m. or 9 a．m., putting their work schedules in disagreement with their employees' body clock. That mismatch, along with the pressure from work at all hours of the day and night, means that many people suffer from “social jetlag”. In other words, their bodies are always in the wrong time zone. He estimates that more than 70% of people get up earlier than they should.

“There is an old saying that sleep is for the weak，” said Roenneberg. “But I do feel like it doesn't help to have shortened sleep.”