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We do not know when man first began to use salt, but we do know that it has been used in many different ways throughout history. Historical evidence shows, for example, that people who lived over 3,000 years ago ate salted fish. Thousands of years ago in Egypt, salt was used to preserve (保存) the dead.
Stealing salt was considered a major crime (罪行) during some periods of history. In the eighteenth century, for example, if a person was caught stealing salt, he could be put in prison and his ears could be cut off.
In the Roman Empire, one of the most important roads was the one that carried salt from the salt mines to Rome. Guards were stationed along the route to protect against salt thieves, and they received their pay in salt, thus bringing the English word, salary. Any guard who fell asleep while on duty was thought to be “not worth his salt”, and as a result he would get a little less salt on his next payday. The expression, “not worth his salt”, is still used today in English.
In the modern world salt has many uses beyond the dining table. It is used in making glass and airplane parts, in the growing of crops, and in the killing of weeds (杂草). It is also used to make water soft, to melt (融化) ice on roads and highways, to make soap, and to fix colors in cloth.
Salt can be got in various ways besides being taken from mines underground. Salt water from the ocean, salt water lakes or small seas can be used to make salt. Yet, no matter where it comes from, salt will continue to play an important role in the lives of people everywhere.
【小题1】According to the text, salt can be used in the following EXCEPT _____.
A.keeping dead bodies
B.punishing thieves
C.protecting crops
D.making industrial products
【小题2】In the Roman Empire many people were employed as guards to _____.
A.protect the city of Rome
B.watch people carrying salt
C.prevent thieves from stealing salt
D.carry salt from the mines to Rome
【小题3】The expression “not worth his salt” used today refers to the one who _____.
A.fails to do his work well
B.should not be paid in salt
C.doesn’t want to work at all
D.should use less salt
【小题4】The main purpose of the text is to tell readers _____.
A.how salt was found and got
B.salt is important in people’s life
C.salt was difficult to get in the past
D.what salt brings to the English language
12-13高一下·河北·阶段练习
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There are not many nations that can say their national dish has become international. 【小题1】 Both are famous all over the world, and both have made the history of Italian food. People have been eating pizza, in one form or another,for centuries. They eat it everywhere — at home, in restaurants,or on street corners. 

【小题2】Long ago, pieces of flatbread, topped with mushrooms and herbs (香草), were a simple and tasty meal. They were mostly for those who didn’t have enough money to buy plates, or who were on the go. In the 18th century, Naples, in southern Italy, had become one of the largest cities in Europe, and it was growing fast. Lots of city people were poor and they were always rushing around to look for work.【小题3】 Pizzas were cut to meet the customers’needs. They were inexpensive, used easy-to-find ingredients (原料), and could be made with plenty of flavor. 

It was in America that pizza found its second home. 【小题4】 Soon, pizza spread across the country with the rapid development of the city. It was increasingly considered as a fast, fun food. People might like New York-style thin pizza, or Chicago deep-dish thick pizza. Some want extra cheese on their pizzas while others only like vegetables. 【小题5】

For a lot of people in western countries, when they cannot decide what to eat, they order pizzas.

A.Nobody knows where pizza came from.
B.The secret is, almost everyone likes pizzas.
C.Italy has two such dishes, spaghetti and pizza.
D.A number of people refused to eat pizzas in Italy.
E.They needed food that was cheap and easy to eat.
F.In 1905, the first pizzeria, Lombardi’s, was opened in New York City.
G.The word “pizza” came from the Latin word “pinsa” meaning flatbread.

If you’ve ever had to chop an onion,you probably know that it’s one of the most annoying cooking experiences.It just fills your eyes with tears.Scientists and farmers have been working on a solution to this problem for decades,and they’ve apparently come up with a tearless onion.

Called the“Sunion”,this new vegetable is the result of a natural cross-breeding program that’s been going on farms in Nevada and Washington since the 1980s.It’s supposedly a sweet,mild-tasting onion that doesn’t leave that strong,pungent aftertaste,but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesn’t cause teary eyes when it’s chopped.

When you cut into a normal onion,it releases a compound called lachrymatory-factor synthase,and’when that hits your eyes,your body produces tears.Now,the interesting thing about regular onions is that the amounts of lachrymatory-factor synthase increase the longer the vegetables are stored,so the older they,the more you cry.In Sunions,on the other hand,the levels of that annoying compound drop the more time goes by,until it no longer has any effect on your eyes when you cut it.

That’s what Sunion growers are claiming anyway,but reports from those lucky enough to have tried them seem to confirm these claims.The Huffington Post had three of its reporters chop some Sunions,and apparently,none of them shed a single tear.According to the Washington Post,they don’t have the pungency of regular onions and are so sweet that you can eat them“like popcorn”.

So the good news is that tearless onions are now a real thing.The bad news is that they are currently only grown in Washington and Nevada,and even though they are sold nationwide,they are still in relatively short supply.The first Sunion batches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December,but we’11 probably start seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years,as more people learn about them.

【小题1】What is special about the Sunion?
A.It’s easily chopped.B.It’s sweet and tastes strong.
C.It’s tearless and mild.D.It’s grown nationwide in the USA.
【小题2】How does the author introduce the Sunion in Paragraph 3 ?
A.By comparison.B.By telling a story.
C.By giving examples.D.By asking questions.
【小题3】What does the underlined word“pungency”in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.Round shape.B.Strong smell.
C.Special character.D.Medical function.
【小题4】What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A.The Sunion has been largely on the market.
B.The Sunion is still on trial at present.
C.The Sunion will soon be grown worldwide.
D.The author is confident about the future of the Sunion.

One of the most popular street food found in China is no doubt the barbecue. A new program, called Chinese Barbecue, tells the story of this popular food cooked over hot coals on just about every street corner in cities and towns across the country. Barbecued meat is an important part of people’s nightlife.

Shown on June 20, the program has had more than 25 million clicks on the video site bilibili.com. To find the most popular barbecue stalls (摊位), the production team travelled to more than 500 locations in 30 cities across the country. Some viewers compare Chinese Barbecue to Midnight Diner, a Japanese TV program telling stories from late night informal Japanese bars.

“I’m happy to hear this comparison because Midnight Diner is a good program, and we share the same topic― night food,” Chinese Barbecue’s director Chen Yingjie said. “However, they are quite different.” He said that Midnight Diner focused more on food itself, though there was some conversation while people were eating. However, the night food scene of Chinese people means joy and a more lively atmosphere. People eating these barbecue snacks develop a feeling of connection, which can be a cure for loneliness.

The barbecue, regarded as the most ordinary and common night street snack, is different from home-made food by mothers as that is a symbol of family and kinship. The barbecue is where you go to become connected to people in society. And unlike official business lunches, during which people are rather polite, the barbecue lets people relax with old friends and new friends, leaving a lasting impression of friendship.

The world, as a whole, holds deep-rooted good feelings toward the barbecue, either for the taste or the warmth produced by fire. “What we should do is to present the Chinese barbecue just the way it is because with its special ingredients(食材),ways of cooking and more importantly, the special environment and people, the world will recognize it and might fall in love with it just as we do.” said Chen.

【小题1】What do we know about Chinese Barbecue?
A.It has been becoming very popular on the Internet.
B.It is thought highly of by most of the foreign tourists.
C.It mainly talks about the most famous Chinese food.
D.It shows the colorful nightlife in large cities of China.
【小题2】In which way was Chinese Barbecue different from Midnight Diner?
A.It showed more kinds of food.B.It focused more on the diners.
C.It showed the eating habits.D.It was less popular than Midnight Diner.
【小题3】What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A.The importance of the barbecue to family.B.The influence of the barbecue on people’s manners.
C.The influence of the barbecue on people’s lifestyle.D.The role of the barbecue in people’s relationship.
【小题4】Why did Chen Yingjie choose the barbecue as the topic of the series?
A.To show the feature of Chinese food.B.To research a special way of cooking.
C.To help the world understand China.D.To introduce the history of the barbecue.

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