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Rock and roll music developed in the United States in the early nineteen-fifties. It was based on the music called rhythm and blues that was performed by African American musicians.

Early rock and roll singers developed their own kinds of music. Elvis Presley. Chuck Berry, The Beach Boys, and Bob Dylan were the most popular rock and roll musicians and band in the early 1960s. All were American. Then, in 1964, a new rock and roll group from England invaded America: The Beatles.

Some people say The Beatles’ music shook America like an earthquake. The Beatles changed rock and roll forever. Their early songs were influenced by American rock and roll musicians, including Chuck Berry. But The Beatles looked different and sounded different from any musical group before them.

The Beatles released their first album in the United States in 1964. when all of the top five records in America were by The Beatles. In 1967, they released an album called Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band. It was one of the first “concept” albums. That is, all the songs were linked by a common story or idea.

The popularity of The Beatles led the way for more rock and roll bands from England to become popular in America. The Rolling Stones was the most important of these bands. The Rolling Stones is one of the few groups from the 1960s that is still performing and recording today. In 1965, the group recorded one of its most famous songs, Satisfaction.

By the 1970s, rock and roll music had become known as rock music. Experts say rock music regained some of the energy of early rock and roll. Bruce Springsteen and the E. Street Band became popular with their album Born to Run. Springsteen’s music was like the lively rock and roll music of the early nineteen-sixties. Many of his songs were about social issues. He sang about the effects of unemployment and the war in Vietnam

【小题1】Which is the main topic of this passage?
A.The history of American music.
B.The development of rock and roll music.
C.The famous rock and roll groups.
D.The new forms of rock and roll music.
【小题2】What can we infer from Paragraph 3?
A.The Beatles’ music was as violent as an earthquake in America.
B.The Beatles looked different because an earthquake hit America.
C.The Beatles’ music had a great effect on the rock and roll music in America.
D.The Beatles’ music was greatly influenced by American rock and roll music.
【小题3】Whose songs were mainly about social problems like unemployment and war?
A.Elvis Presley’s.B.Bob Dylan’s.
C.Chuck Berry’s.D.Springsteen’s.
【小题4】What can we know from the passage?
A.One of the Rolling Stones’ albums was called “concept”.
B.All of the top five records in America were by The Beatles in 1964.
C.The Rolling Stones was the only band that became popular in America
D.All the most popular rock and roll musicians in the 1960s were American.
21-22高一下·湖南·期末
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While the arts can’t stop the COVID-19 virus or the social unrest we see in the world today, they can give us insight into the choices we make when moving through crises and chaos. The arts invite everyone to think in new ways.

We often experience works of art as something that’s pleasing to our senses without a full understanding of the creative effort. Great art often shows us contradictions and crises, and we can learn a great deal from their resolutions. Through our understanding of art, we can gain a deeper understanding of how we might overcome our own challenges. In understanding extremes of contrast, we can see the beauty in art with themes that are not simply pleasing for their magnificent features or qualities.

Beethoven offers a wonderful example of moving artfully through crises and chaos. He composed his Symphony No.9 as his hearing loss became more and more pronounced. The opening of the symphony seems to come out of nowhere, from near silence in the opening to a full expression of what many consider to be the joy of freedom and universal brotherhood with Schiller’s Ode to joy (欢乐颂). Beethoven appears to have created a work of art that not only freed him from his personal struggles, but one that also speaks to the joy of living together in peace and harmony.

Have a dialogue between the two opposing parts and you will find that they always start out fighting each other until we come to an appreciation of difference—a oneness of the two opposing forces. The arts offer many lessons that can help us gain the knowledge we need to move more confidently in today’s competitive and uncertain environment. An openness to arts-based solutions will give you more control over your future.

【小题1】What value does art have beyond pleasing people’s senses?
A.It brings people inner peace.B.It contributes to problem-solving.
C.It reduces the possibility of crises.D.It deepens understanding of challenges.
【小题2】What can we learn about Beethoven’s Symphony No.9?
A.It celebrates freedom and unity.B.It aims to show crises and chaos.
C.It opens with Schiller’s Ode to Joy.D.It is unfinished due to his hearing loss.
【小题3】What is the author’s suggestion on dealing with conflicting forces?
A.Leaving things as they are.B.Making a choice between them.
C.Separating them from each other.D.Engaging them in a conversation.
【小题4】Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.How COVID-19 changes artB.Moving artfully through crises
C.Essentials of Symphony No.9D.How to appreciate arts in new ways

By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time, though, he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner. “I love music, but I’m not a trained musician. I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”

Mr. Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.

“The job is a struggle for me because a lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr. Titterton explained.

Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is important, and each pianist has their own style to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.

But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr. Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”

Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms. Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.

“My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”

【小题1】Why does Titterton find his part-time job hard?
A.He has to repair the piano.B.He reads music slowly.
C.He has to learn many skills.D.He is worried about performing.
【小题2】What does the underlined word “indicate” in paragraph 4 mean?
A.Stop.B.Perform.C.Teach.D.Show.
【小题3】What do Titterton and Ms. Raspopova’s husband have in common?
A.They are interested in music.B.They avoided an accident.
C.They remember to turn the page.D.They must sing songs on the stage.
【小题4】Which section of a newspaper is this text most likely from?
A.Technology.B.Education.C.Music.D.Sports.

Hospitals employ many therapeutic (治疗的) methods, such as medication, massage therapy and music therapy. And music therapy is growing in popularity.

Sandra Siedliecki is a Senior Scientist at the Nursing Institute of Cleveland Clinic in Ohio. She says music is a low-cost treatment. And she says scientists have done a lot of research on music’s effect on pain. Dr. Marian Good did a lot of studies looking at surgery patients and the use of music. In her studies, patients just listened to relaxing music. Dr. Good found that her surgery patients took fewer painkillers after they listened to music. Music had a good effect on short-term pain. However, chronic pain, the kind that recurs (复发) continually, changed little under the effect of music.

Dr. Linda Chian was studying something different. She was not interested in patients’ pain, but instead, their anxiety. She spent a lot of time with people who were in the hospital because their anxiety was so great that they couldn’t breathe. People with this condition often have to use breathing machines. Dr. Chian said that the machines sometimes did little to improve their condition. Sometimes they even made things worse. The patients would become more anxious. Dr. Chian let nurses tell patients that music was a good choice to make them feel better. They also placed signs near the patients’ beds—Listen to your music at least twice a day. The people who listened to music had a reduction in the amount of medication they received. In addition, their anxiety reduced by about 36 percent.

Both doctors had similar explanations why music was so helpful. Music can be a very powerful distracter in the brain when we’re listening to music that is pleasing and then it interrupts stressful thoughts.

【小题1】After lot of studies Dr. Marian Good found that music therapy________.
A.was the best method to reduce the painB.could take the place of medication
C.was cheaper than massage therapy and medicationD.didn’t work well on all patients
【小题2】From the third paragraph we can learn that___________.
A.Dr. Chian didn’t agree with Dr. Good on music’s effect
B.music makes patients forget their anxiety completely
C.listening to enjoyable music is a good way to relieve anxiety
D.using breathing machines made things worse when patients were anxious in most cases
【小题3】What is the meaning of the underlined word in the last paragraph?
A.connectionB.disturbanceC.guidanceD.protection
【小题4】What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A.To encourage all patients to listen to music.B.To show that music therapy is useful.
C.To tell how to reduce pain and anxiety.D.To explain how music reduces pain and anxiety.

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