These days, many gyms require clients to wear masks or face coverings. The good news: research suggests they don't actually hold up your performance.
Researchers at the University of Saskatchewan gathered a group of 7 men and 7 women, ranging from slightly inactive to excellent cyclists and tested the effects of wearing a three-layer cloth face mask, a surgical mask, and no mask on their exercise performance.
The study participants started with a brief warm-up on a fixed bike, then took a progressive intensity exercise test, during which it was vital for them to keep the same pedal rate while the resistance was continually increased until exhaustion (疲惫不堪). Something like the heart rate was recorded every 30 seconds.
The results suggested that wearing a mask had no effect on performance or muscle oxygen levels. Since there was no difference in time to exhaustion between conditions, the highest power reached at the end of each test was similar in mask and no-mask conditions for all participants, Professor Chilibeck explained. Researchers also did not see any effects of the masks during exercise on blood oxygen levels, which wouldn't decrease if breathing was not affected.
And while droplet (飞沫) spread was not measured, all masks used were tested in a previous study in which they were shown to effectively minimize droplet spread, according to Chilibeck. Though the participants represented a wide range of fitness levels, it's important to note that these tests were conducted on a very small sample size, and more research is needed on larger populations to draw sweeping conclusions about the general population.
【小题1】How did the researchers draw the conclusion?A.By conducting an experiment. | B.By making brief analysis. |
C.By observing normal cyclists. | D.By doing medical tests. |
A.Your heart rate may keep stable. | B.You might produce less droplet. |
C.Your blood oxygen levels will drop. | D.You will feel more tired than before. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Favorable. | C.Disapproving. | D.Objective. |
A.Why Should We Train with Masks? |
B.Why Don't Masks Worsen Our Performance? |
C.Do Masks Affect Our Performance? |
D.Can We Train While Wearing Masks? |
Full-body workouts are the best. They are time efficient, work all your muscles and provide a sense of accomplishment once you’re done with the session. They are also the best for burning fat; lots of muscles worked equal lots of calories expended, after all! This no-repeat workout is an excellent place to start, especially if you like working out with dumbbells.
This workout features 10 exercises. You’ll do each exercise 40 seconds, followed by a 20-second break, before moving on to the next one. There are no sets; you only perform the moves once, and only for a short while, so push as hard as you can (without injuring yourself) and focus on slow, controlled motion. The instructor uses a set of medium dumbbells, in this case a 40Lb/18kg pair, but feel free to use a weight that best suits your fitness level. The exercises in this workout are as follows:
● Chest Press ● High Squats
● Bent Over Supinated Row R ● Static Lunge L
● Staggered Squat L ● Shoulder Press
● Rear Delt Row R ● Shoulder Shrugs
● Gorilla Rows ● Thrusters
If you like this and don’t mind using weights for your workouts, check out the best full-body workout: it’s only five moves and helps build muscle like no other workout. There is also a beginner-friendly, barbell-only full-body strength workout for those who have one at their disposal. How about this single dumbbell full-body muscle workout? It’s only half an hour. In terms of weights, you will need a pair of dumbbells for this workout, and if you haven’t got one, T3’s best dumbbells and best adjustable dumbbell guides are a must-read. Alternatively, have a look at the best resistance bands; they are almost as effective as dumbbells but less terrifying and more space-saving.
【小题1】What is special about the exercise in the text?A.It is advised to do with dumbbells. |
B.It is nothing but suitable for the beginners. |
C.It aims at working out the chest, shoulders and legs. |
D.It needs to do the same movement in the given time. |
A.Push as hard as you can. | B.Have a sense of belonging. |
C.Use the best resistance bands. | D.Choose the movements you like. |
A.To entertain. | B.To persuade. | C.To describe. | D.To advertise. |
Playing sports at school makes people “grittier” and harder working, boosts the chances of achieving long-term goals, and having successful careers, say scientists. The Ohio State University team analyzed National Sports and Society Survey data on almost 4, 000 men and women across the US and asked study participants to rate themselves on a scale of 1-5 on eight statements. They included “I am diligent. I never give up.” And “I am a hard worker”. None of the statements was directly related to sports. 34% of those who did sports as a youngster scored high on the grit scale, compared to 23% of peers who gave up. One in four of those who never played sports ranked low, compared to just 17% of those who did. Lead author Dr. Emily Nothnagle said practicing drills on the field can improve pupils’ lives for decades, adding “The grit they develop from playing sports can help them for the rest of their lives”.
The findings, published in the journal Leisure Sciences, were supported by more sophisticated (复杂的) statistical analyses that accounted for respondents’ demographic (人口的) characteristics. But it appears only children who keep at it-and play continually—get the benefit, say the researchers. Some may just be born with the grit to help them succeed at sports as a young person and then continue to benefit from that trait as an adult. “Quitting could reflect a lack of perseverance, which is a crucial component of grit,” said a researcher. “It could also make quitting an activity, and not persevering, easier the next time.”
Adults who played sports as kids generally perceived the experience helped improve their work ethic, and that perception was linked to their grit scores as adults even though the researchers said people can gain or lose grit throughout life.
【小题1】What does the underlined word “grittier” mean in the 1st paragraph?A.More hopeful. | B.More pessimistic. |
C.More aggressive. | D.More determined. |
A.The survey included a total of 15 statements. |
B.The survey centered on sports and lifestyle. |
C.People who did sports at a young age tended to score high on the grit scale. |
D.The survey was conducted and analyzed by Dr. Emily alone. |
A.By providing experiments. |
B.By offering some examples. |
C.By showing differences. |
D.By analyzing characteristics. |
A.A biological textbook. | B.A science magazine. |
C.A travel brochure. | D.An economic paper. |
To catch fish is one of the most interesting parts of this sport. Besides, there are more uses for skin - diving. You can clean ships without taking them out of water. You can get many things from the deep sea.
Now you see that skin -diving is both useful and interesting.
【小题1】Skin- diving is a new sport. It can take you to________.
A.the moon | B.a new world of land |
C.the mountains | D.deep water |
A.there is plenty of light |
B.there is no light at all |
C.you can find a lot of blue fish |
D.everything looks blue and green |
A.you are very heavy |
B.you are as heavy as on the land |
C.you are not as heavy as on the land |
D.you have no weight at all |
A.catch fish very easily |
B.stay under water for a long time |
C.climb big rocks |
D.have more fun |
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