Plastic bags are not costly to produce. They are also strong and easy to carry. This is why they are a popular container in most parts of the world. But they are also a major source of pollution. It can take hundreds of years for plastic bags to break down. As they do, tiny pieces can poison soil, lakes, rivers and oceans. Therefore, environmental experts urge people to reuse and recycle plastic bags.
Maryland artist Allita Irby does just that. It starts with the morning newspaper. What is more important is getting that plastic bag the paper comes in. The mixed media artist recognized its rich possibilities about three year ago. “As I was taking the newspaper out, I felt the texture of these bags. They were soft. I just looked down and realized it would take three to make a braid (辫子).” Since then, Irby has been using plastic bags to create abstract lines in her art works.
Before incorporating plastic bags in her works, Irby used natural materials like feathers, leather and dried plants. All those elements represent her Native American ancestry (血统) and identity, like one of her works called “Navaho Bundles”.
Ms. Irby’s neighbors praised her ability to turn waste into treasure. Some, like Charlotte Hogan, asked the artist to teach them how to create art using the used plastic bags. “I think it is fascinating, and it is wonderful. I do plan to share it with my seniors at my church.” One of Irby’s neighbors Aleta Meyer expressed her surprise, “I have never given any more thought to what to do with a plastic bag. This is definitely different.”
Shirley Watts also lives in the neighborhood. She plans to show others her art. “I want to make a masterpiece that I can put in a frame and put it up on my wall and then I know that I did it.”
“Making art with found materials is not a new idea. Anyone can do it. Recycled paper, cloth and metal goods can become beautiful pictures and sculptures,” Allita Irby said, “I think we are all artists really, and there is beauty all around us.” The artist also said that all you had to do was open your eyes and bring the outside in.
【小题1】What is mainly discussed in the first paragraph?A.The advantage of plastic bags. | B.The disadvantage of plastic bags. |
C.How to reuse and recycle plastic bags. | D.The importance of recycling plastic bags. |
A.produces plastic bags | B.makes use of used plastic bags |
C.makes plastic bags break down | D.urges people to reuse and recycle plastic bags |
A.Supportive. | B.Negative | C.Suspicious. | D.Unknown. |
A.Aleta Meyer. | B.Allita Irby. | C.Charlotte Hogan | D.Shirley Watts |
A.to come up with the idea | B.to seek beauty all around us |
C.to be open to new ideas and things | D.to choose the most suitable objects |
Plastic-free July is a global campaign that challenges people to give up single-use plastic. The idea is the brainchild of Rebecca Prince-Ruiz, an activist living in Western Australia. She realized that, in addition to raising awareness, she wanted to do something to actually reduce plastic waste. She helped round up just 40 people in Perth, who volunteered to give up plastic for the month of July. In the last 6 years, the idea has become so popular that this year, over a million people in 130 countries are on board.
Beth Terry, America’s best-known plastic-free activist, first participated in Plastic Free July in 2014. She has nothing but high praise for this initiative and its founder. Beth’s website MyPlasticFreeLife.com includes “100 Steps to a Plastic-Free Life”, “carry your own containers for take-out food and leftovers,” along with reusable cookers and glass drinking straws. Eat ice cream on a cone rather than get it in a plastic-lined cup. Give up chewing gum.
You’re probably already using a reusable cloth bag rather than plastic at the grocery store, and drinking from a stainless steel or aluminum water bottle rather than buy water in a plastic bottle. But PlasticFreeJuly’s A-Z list shows how easy it can be to replace single-use plastic with a reusable version. The list includes replacing plastic doggy bags with folded up newspaper and using cloth diapers (尿布). PlasticFreeJuly’s website also lists some pretty astonishing facts. For example: Scientists predict there will be more tonnes of plastic than tonnes of fish in the world’s waterways and oceans by 2050. Plastic manufacturing consumes 6% of the world’s fossil fuels. In the first 10 years of the 21st century, the world economy produced more plastic than it did during the entire 1900s!
【小题1】What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 1?A.The background of Plastic-free July. | B.The challenges of recycling plastics. |
C.The voluntary work of people in Perth. | D.The profession of Rebecca Prince-Ruiz. |
A.Some childhood stories about Beth. |
B.Some regulations to ban using plastic. |
C.Some additional ways to live plastic-free. |
D.Some pictures of people buying take-out food. |
A.Plastic-free July has been operating for 40 years. |
B.Plastic will have disappeared by the end of 2050. |
C.A-Z list shows alternatives for plastic free living. |
D.Plastic doggy bags have been replaced by paper bags. |
A.Choose to Refuse Single-Use Plastic for Plastic-Free July |
B.Plastic-Free July, a Growing Global Movement to Ban Plastic |
C.Recycling Alone Could Not Solve the Plastic Pollution Problem |
D.Rebecca Prince-Ruiz, America’s Best-known Plastic-free Activist |
We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place. The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical household’s waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard. Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place.
Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example. But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us.
We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But is also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.
There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.
【小题1】The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show _______.
A.the tendency of cutting household waste |
B.the increase of packaging recycling |
C.the rapid growth of super markets |
D.the fact of packaging overuse |
A.helps control the greenhouse effect |
B.means burning packaging for energy |
C.is the solution to gas shortage |
D.leads to a waste of land |
A.Unpackaged products are of bad quality. |
B.Supermarkets care more about packaging. |
C.It is improper to judge quality by packaging. |
D.Other products are better packaged than food. |
A.Fighting wastefulness is difficult. |
B.Needless material is mostly recycled. |
C.People like collecting recyclable waste. |
D.The author is proud of their consumer culture. |
A lunch break – it’s an important and often necessary part of our working or school day. And now we’re spoilt (惯坏) with a lot of places to buy our lunch from, all offering attractive dishes and sandwiches to eat on the go.
But our appetite for buying our lunchtime fare is not just costing us money, there might be a cost in terms of damaging our planet too. Just grabbing a sandwich, crisps and maybe a cake and coffee can produce at least four items of waste. Paper boxes, cups, wrappers and plastic knives and forks are all part of our disposable (一次性的) feast in addition to the food waste we create. Some experts say throwing away food, which produces methane (甲烷) as it rots, is a bigger cause of climate change than plastics.
But regardless of what causes the most damage, the solution, according to an environmental campaign group called Hubbub, is to eat packed lunches. Tessa Tricks from the group says “People are saying that they are buying food to take out because life has got busier.” And she says people think they are being more efficient; but she argues that it's usually healthier and cheaper to make your own lunch. It means you can eat the things you really want and make the quantity that you actually need.
Of course, preparing your lunch is another thing to fit into your morning scramble (忙乱) of getting ready for work, so if you haven’t got time and you are going to buy lunch, an alternative that Hubbub suggests is to take your own container to a shop and ask them to put your food in it. The idea of using reusable coffee cups for hot drinks and refilling water bottles has already proved successful, so this could be another step in the right direction.
【小题1】What’s the second paragraph mainly about?A.It costs a lot of money buying lunch. |
B.Eating fast food is no good to health. |
C.Buying lunch leads to great damage to environment. |
D.Experts give suggestions on eating. |
A.Stop eating packed lunches. |
B.Eating what you like. |
C.Trying to be more efficient in work. |
D.Making lunch by yourself. |
A.Buying lunch. |
B.Taking your own container. |
C.Using reusable coffee cup. |
D.Using refilling water bottles. |
A.Make a full use of lunch time. |
B.Eating properly to keep healthy. |
C.Doing what you can to reduce pollution. |
D.Giving lunch time eating habit a thought to reduce damage to environment. |
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