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Like many of history’s greatest ideas, Tetris (俄罗斯方块)came about quite unintentionally. Alexey Pajitnov was a software engineer at the Soviet Academy of Sciences in Moscow, tasked with testing a new type of computer. To do so, he wrote a simple game based on a puzzle from his childhood. It would help assess how powerful the computer was--and provide a bit of fun. Little did he know that the resulting game would go on to become one of the greatest, most addictive and most successful of all time.

Tetris is a puzzle game in which geometric shapes fall down onto a playing field, and the player has to arrange them to form gapless lines. Pajitnov took inspiration from pentomino, a classic puzzle game consisting of all the different shapes that can be made by combining five squares--12 in total--with the goal of arranging them in a wooden box like a jigsaw puzzle.

To simplify things, he knocked that down to four squares, thus reducing the number of shapes from 12 to seven. He called the game Tetris, combining the Greek numeral “tetra”(meaning four) and tennis, his favorite sport. Pajitnov himself was immediately hooked. “I couldn’t stop myself from playing this prototype version, because it was very addictive to put the shapes together,” he said on the phone from Seattle, where he now lives.

Tetris has been the subject of several scientific studies. One found that playing the game can be effective in fighting off cravings for food and, while another noted an increase in the thickness of some parts of the brain in people who had played regularly. Playing Tetris for prolonged periods of time can lead to players dreaming about the falling pieces or interpreting real-world objects as shapes in the game and mentally re-arranging them--a phenomenon known as “the Tetris Effect”.

“With time going by, it hasn’t lost any of its play value and nothing has come to replace Tetris,” said Henk Rogers, a computer scientist, explaining the game’s enduring popularity. “It’s like Happy Birthday. There have been lots of songs that come and go, but Happy Birthday is always sung in the same way. Tetris has become the   Happy Birthday of computer games.”

【小题1】Why did Alexey Pajitnov create Tetris?
A.To bring back childhood memory.
B.To provide more fun for the public.
C.To update the computer system.
D.To assess a new kind of computer.
【小题2】What does the underlined word “hooked” probably mean in Paragraph 3?
A.PleasedB.DeterminedC.ObsessedD.Moved
【小题3】What can we know about Tetris according to Paragraph 4?
A.It can cause players to dream about the falling pieces.
B.It can stimulate people’s appetite for food.
C.It can lead to “the Tetris Effect” instantly.
D.It can increase the overall thickness of the brain.
【小题4】Why does the author mention the song Happy Birthday in the last paragraph?
A.To describe the concept of Tetris.
B.To indicate the popularity of Tetris.
C.To provide the example of popular songs.
D.To introduce the topic of Happy Birthday.
2022·江西鹰潭·二模
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An escape game, is a game in which a team of players discover clues, solve puzzles, and accomplish tasks in one or more rooms in order to accomplish a specific goal in a limited amount of time. The goal is often to escape from the site of the game. 【小题1】


Keep it simple

For most escape games, even the very challenging ones with very high difficulty ratings, the puzzles and clues are surprisingly simple. They are just cleverly hidden and worded to make them appear difficult to solve. Don’t make things difficult by looking for complex solutions. 【小题2】


【小题3】

Sometimes, the escape game creators add a puzzle to confuse players, but this hardly happens. As usual, every puzzle is important and each clue has the potential for revealing the key. Carefully analyze every puzzle you come across. Don’t ignore any, as it may be central to achieving your goal of breaking out. If worse comes to worst, ask for a clue from the game master.


Think like a 4th grader

Escape games can get really challenging. To break out, you need to totally bury yourself in the game. Think outside the box and motivate all your creative juices. Remember when you were a kid and you would think up all these imaginative stories and situations. 【小题4】. Think like a 4th grader and you’ll find the game more enjoyable and the puzzles easier to solve.


Experiment with use

Is the honey bucket just a metal thing filled with human waste or is there a clue under it? 【小题5】. We get so stuck on how things are normally used that our minds refuse to think of alternative ways of using them. And just to ease your fears, no escape game will put you in a room with a bucket full of human waste. Like I mentioned earlier, use your imagination and think outside the box.

A.Don’t ignore escape game puzzles.
B.You need to imagine you to be a 10-year-old child.
C.You’d better play the game with a child.
D.More often than not, the answer is right there staring you in the face.
E.There are four tips to play escape games.
F.Don’t keep the excitement levels high.
G.Or maybe, it can be turned upside down to use as a simple ladder.

For years video games have been criticized for making people more antisocial, overweight or depressed. But now researchers are finding that video games can actually change us for the better and improve both our body and mind.

Games can help to develop physical skills. Pre-school children who played interactive games have been shown to have improved motor skills, for example they can kick, catch and throw a ball better than children who don’t play video games. A study found that those who played video games were 27 percent faster and made 37 percent fewer errors than those who didn't.

Games also benefit a variety of brain functions, including decision-making. People who play action-based games make decisions 25 percent faster than others, according to one study. It was also found that the best gamers can make choices and act on them up to six times a second, four times faster than most people. In another study by researchers from the University of Rochester in New York, experienced gamers were shown to be able to pay attention to more than six things at once without getting confused, compared with the four that most people can normally keep in mind.

There is also evidence that gaming can help with psychological problems. At the University of Auckland in New Zealand, researchers asked 94 young people diagnosed with depression to play a 3D fantasy game called SPARX and in many cases, the game reduced symptoms of depression more than conventional treatment.

【小题1】In what way playing video games benefits very young children?
A.Muscle control.B.Social interaction.
C.Decision-making.D.The ability to focus.
【小题2】Which type of video game improves the decision-making speed?
A.Interactive games.B.Action-based games.C.3D fantasy games.D.Violent games.
【小题3】What is the authors attitude to video games?
A.Indifferent.B.Objective.C.Worried.D.Critical.
【小题4】What is the text mainly about?
A.The effects of different types of video games.B.The negative effects of playing video games.
C.The beneficial effects of playing video games.D.The effects of games on people's behavior.

Zhonglin Wang started playing table tennis only four years ago. But last year, he and other researchers came up with a clever way to improve their game: Build a smart table.

Now they’ve just introduced a prototype to the public. It can measure where a ball lands, how fast the ball’s going and where it’s headed. The table can do that because its innovative wood surface forms the top layer of a novel self-powered sensor. The data it acquires could help players to perform better, says Wang.

Wang is a materials scientist at the Georgia Institute of Technology, in Atlanta. He describes the invention as a machine that can learn to analyze how someone plays. Importantly, the new smart table doesn’t need a battery to detect the ball. When a ball hits the wood, it sets off a chain of events that can both generate a small electric current and record the ball’s behavior.

Wang is an expert at inventing devices that provide their own power. In 2012, he invented a triboelectric (摩擦生电的) nano-generator. He calls it TENG, for short. Even if you’ve never heard of “triboelectricity”, you know the phenomenon. Most of us call it static electricity. The first TENG that Wang put together in 2012 looked like a sandwich. It had layers of charged materials separated by a small gap. When the sandwich bent or changed shape, its layered materials rubbed against each other. This caused electrons to start building up on one side.

What makes the new game table truly unique is its use of wood as one of the TENG’s layers. As it turns out, Wang explains, “Wood is an excellent triboelectric material.” Building a full-size game table would require a large grid of wood TENGs. Wang says that’s on his drawing board as a project for the future.

【小题1】Which of the following can probably replace the underlined “detect” in Paragraph3?
A.Stop.B.Start.C.Observe.D.Release.
【小题2】What can we know about TENG?
A.It was invented last year.B.It functions like a sandwich.
C.It is a scientific phenomenon.D.It’s a device generating power.
【小题3】Why is the new table unusual?
A.It can measure the speed of the ball.B.It uses wood as a TENG’s layer.
C.It can help players perform better.D.It uses a new steel table surface.
【小题4】What can be the best title for the text?
A.A Unique Smart Game TableB.A Table Tennis Lover
C.Ways to Win a Table Tennis GameD.New Rules for Table Tennis Games

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