Dogs have facial expressions to use on humans
Scientists have discovered that dogs produce more facial movement when a human is paying attention to them—including making their eyes appear bigger—than when they _________(ignore).
This new research goes _________ the belief that animal facial expressions are largely unconscious reflections of internal feelings—rather than a way to communicate.
“Facial expression is often seen as _______ driven by emotion, instead of something that animals can change _______(depend) on their circumstances,” said Bridget Waller, professor of evolutionary psychology at the University of Portsmouth, and an author of the study.
The research joins a number of studies exploring the extraordinary relationship between humans and their dogs, including some research that suggests that dogs understand not only words spoken by humans—but also the tone of voice.
A study published _________ Scientific Reports describes the use of a video camera to record the facial movement of 24 dogs. In this experiment, humans _________ faced the animals, or faced away, and presented the dog with tasty food, or did not.
The recordings were then examined by the team frame by frame _______ (determine) changes in the facial muscles of the dogs. The results reveal that the dogs produced far more facial expressions when the humans were facing them, _________ when they turned away.
“The research tells us that their facial expressions are probably responsive to humans—not just to other dogs,” said Waller. He also said that it told us something about how domestication had shaped dogs, and _______ it had changed them so that they __________ be more communicative with humans.
【小题1】A.are being ignored | B.have been ignored | C.were ignored | D.will be ignored |
【小题2】A.beyond | B.within | C.against | D.without |
【小题3】A.anything | B.something | C.that | D.whatever |
【小题4】A.to depend | B.depended | C.having depended | D.depending |
【小题5】【小题6】A.whether | B.unless | C.either | D.when |
【小题7】A.determined | B.to determine | C.determining | D.to have determined |
【小题8】【小题9】A.that | B.why | C.whether | D.where |
【小题10】A.could | B.can | C.would | D.will |