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We are often so attracted by the promises of modern digital life that we fail to notice its danger. It’s that feeling of losing control that we get a dozen times a day, from when we get distracted (分心) with our phones in a discussion to when we can’t appreciate a private moment without sharing it with virtual audience.

In my first attempt to get control over my technology use, I set my phone to vibrate rather than ring. Soon after, another problem appeared. The act of continually checking the phone became a habit. I knew then that using only tips to permanently reform digital life is difficult. We should go past the notification settings (通知模式) on our devices or apps and consider the more essential topic of why we use so many apps in the first place. What all of us who are struggling with these challenges need is a technology usage philosophy, something that explains from the ground up which digital tools we allow into our lives, why, and under what conditions.

Cal Newport, a professor of computer science, defines Digital Minimalism (极简主义) as a “philosophy of technology use in which you focus your online time on a small number of carefully selected activities that strongly support the things you value, and then happily miss out on everything else.”

To do so, however, we cannot passively allow the tools and apps provided by the internet age to control how we spend our time or how we feel. Instead, we must take steps to draw the positive aspects of these technologies while sidestepping the negative aspects.

【小题1】What does “its danger” in the first paragraph refer to?
A.Feeling depressed.
B.Getting distracted in a discussion.
C.Giving up private moments.
D.Losing control of your digital life.
【小题2】Why does the author mention his own experiences?
A.To make a comparison.
B.To explain a phenomenon.
C.To bring in a better solution.
D.To clarify misunderstandings.
【小题3】Which of the following will digital minimalists agree to?
A.Ignoring the side effect of digital tools.
B.Devoting your screen time to valuable things.
C.Spending more time selecting information.
D.Getting away from entertainment apps.
【小题4】What’s the text mainly about?
A.Reforms in life.
B.Technology challenges.
C.Apps and social media sites.
D.Technology usage philosophy.
2022·山东青岛·一模
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Generally speaking, the single most important thing you can do to keep your computer safe is make sure your operating system and apps are up-to-date. Because though it looks like nothing has changed afterwards, below the surface every update is fixing bugs and holes that can be taken advantage of by hackers. Modern computer systems are so wildly complicated that it is basically impossible for developers to build a completely secure system. However much you test and try, hackers and people with bad intentions will comb through and look for a bug or a hole they can use to access your private data.

The most simple attack is a Bruteforce attack of simply going through and trying every single combination of letters and numbers to, for example, guess a password. This is why you can only get the passcode on your phone wrong three times before it locks up. Phishing isn’t so much clever technology, but is a psychological trick to persuade you to hand over your details. If you browse a website that has http and not https, and you’re on a public WiFi, anyone on the same network could read every word being sent to your phone or computer. This is called A Man In The Middle attack. Finally there is Malware. This is software through which hackers can run their own code on your computer, then they can do whatever they like.

This used to be a really, really bad problem. But today, both Windows and Mac are more locked down than they used to be. So though the threat of hackers is real and scary, the good news is that the good guys are getting better at fighting them. But that doesn’t mean we should be contented. The best way to keep your data safe is to remain careful where you click. And, of course, make sure all of your apps are up-to-date, so they have all of the latest safeguards to keep you safe.

【小题1】What happens after your operating system and apps are updated?
A.Nothing happens to them.B.They become locked up.
C.Data in them are stolen.D.Bugs and holes are fixed.
【小题2】Why does your phone lock up after three incorrect passcode entries?
A.To keep other people from working out the passcode.
B.To prevent you from falling for a psychological trick.
C.To pick up the information being sent to other devices.
D.To stop hackers from installing software on your phone.
【小题3】How many means of attack are mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.
【小题4】What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To inform people of different approaches to hacking the Internet.
B.To remind people of the significance of updating apps and systems.
C.To appeal to developers to build an entirely secure computer system.
D.To blame hackers and those who have the intention to do damage.

A team of well-known developers have built a security tool, Scanguard™, which they believe will be the last piece of software consumers will ever need.

Product Manager, David, from ScanGuard, explains, "The software can increase the security immediately by distinguishing any hidden dangers or online tracking cookies. Also, it discovers and removes unnecessary files and cached memory—the files that can make your PC run slow. To have perfect performance and keep your computer secure, schedule the scan to run every 7 days. It roughly takes 10 minutes to fully analyze your system."

"People already love the system. Our plan is to give as many free scan licenses away so that it gains widespread use until we think that's enough for us to start charging. If you own a Windows Computer then you are allowed to have a free security scan. We advise users not to hesitate and try it cautiously and bravely before it's too late. We feel good knowing that we're helping make things faster and more secure for our customers,'' he continues.

The Scanguard™ free plan will, offer you a version of the software which will monitor your PC in full for threats (威胁),unwanted software or potentially dangerous tracking cookies. If the software finds out threats you can remove them from your system by hand now or pay for it to have the software do the automatic job about them.

Once you have downloaded the software you can also have free licenses for all of your devices, including your,Office & Home PC, Smartphone & even Tablet. It's so convenient! It’s no surprise that thousands of computer owners are taking advantage of this approved security system to keep themselves and their devices safe.

【小题1】Which of the following is one of the advantages of the application?
A.Making the computer work faster.
B.Recognizing the files more quickly.
C.Helping turn on the computer faster.
D.Finding lost files more quickly.
【小题2】What does David want to express in paragraph 3?
A.They'll reduce the price of the software.
B.They need to improve the Scanguard™.
C.They will charge users fees sometime.
D.They'll end the software-making plan.
【小题3】What can we know about the Scanguard™?
A.It is the team's last piece of software.
B.It can remove dangers automatically.
C.It needs updating every seven days.
D.It can recycle unwanted software.
【小题4】What is the author's attitude towards the application?
A.Doubtful.B.Ambiguous.
C.Cautious.D.Favorable.

How to Get Free Wi-Fi Wherever You Go

Children of the 90s likely remember the pain of those early dial-up Internet years. Today, connecting to the Internet can happen in a matter of seconds. And though we might still wonder what Wi-Fi stands for, we know without a doubt that Wi-Fi requires no wires. 【小题1】 unless you follow this expert advice on how to get free Wi-Fi.

Create a mobile hot spot (热点)

If your phone has a mobile data connection available, you can use it as a Wi-Fi hot spot. 【小题2】 And while it isn't necessarily free, it is a source that is already available to you. Be careful. You may want to keep an eye out for these signs that someone is stealing your Wi-Fi.

【小题3】

An excellent tip to get free Wi-Fi wherever you are is to check the official websites of the places you are going to visit. All you have to do is register to have your own username before you log in. On these websites, you will also find information about tourist sites and restaurants.

Don't be afraid to ask

【小题4】 even if they don't advertise that they have it. And in the event you can't connect to a business' Wi-Fi? You should move on to asking a stranger if you can connect to their hot spot. The kindness of strangers may prove to be your most valuable tool for finding free Wi-Fi.

Use a Wi-Fi map app

Whether you're using an Apple or Android facility, there are plenty of Wi-Fi map apps to choose from. If your standard Wi-Fi map apps aren't providing much, don't lose hope. Free Wi-Fi is still within reach. Instabridge and Wefi are two apps that let you identify (识别) networks that aren't well-known. 【小题5】

A.Check city websites
B.Connect at unexpected places
C.These tricks will make your life so much easier.
D.Simply ask for the Wi-Fi password and receive it.
E.These apps can lead you to the free Wi-Fi hot spots.
F.Let other facilities connect to it and access the Internet.
G.But a wireless Internet connection usually comes at a cost.

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