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Burning coal for energy adds planet-warning carbon dioxide (CO2) to Earth’s atmosphere. As the planet heats up, experts warn that simply cutting greenhouse gas emissions (排放) will not be enough to avoid global warming. CO2 must also be removed from the atmosphere.

Existing experimental machines that pull CO2 directly from the air are too expensive to be widely used. But a new effective technology to remove CO2 already exists. It is not expensive and easy. It is forests. Planting trees and watching forests are effective ways to clean the air.

Forests used to cover large areas of the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States. In the state of West Virginia, coal mining let the land there bare, without trees. Over the years, coal mining and cutting forests took over 90 percent of the red spruce (云杉) forests.

Chris Barton works for the University of Kentucky. He started a group called Green Forests Work, aiming to put trees back on the roughly 400,000 hectares of land.

However, Barton explains the land has problems. “If you planted trees on these places, they just didn’t grow. The ground was too hard. Water didn’t infiltrate (渗透). The trees can’t root. Oxygen can’t circulate in those environments.” Using heavy equipment, workers tear the ground. In this way, the trees put down roots.

Barton says not everyone believes the solution is a good idea. “We’ve had a lot of doubtful look at us twice from people. But after we do it, there’s no question that it was the right thing to do.” And it has worked. Forests are coming back to the grounds.

Scientists say that, in West Virginia alone, restoring red spruce forests to the area could send what is equal to 56 million barrels (桶) of oil into the ground. But it will take time — a long time. Around the world, experts say, nature offers powerful tools to fight climate change. But patience is needed. Nature works, but slowly, in its own time.

【小题1】What is the economical and effective way to remove CO2 from the air?
A.Inventing new and powerful machines.
B.Cutting greenhouse gas emissions.
C.Making use of natural gases instead of coal
D.Planting trees and protecting forests.
【小题2】What does the underlined word“tear” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A.Destroy.B.Repair.C.Cry.D.Cover.
【小题3】What can we know from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 5?
A.Oxygen is not enough for trees to grow there.
B.Too many rocks had made it hard to plant trees.
C.Coal mining has spoiled the land through years.
D.There is no water for trees to grow there.
【小题4】The last paragraph tells us that restoring the forest environment there is ________.
A.a painful processB.a slow process
C.a creative processD.a learning process
22-23高二上·陕西咸阳·期末
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Government in Tibet have denied the permanent(永久的) closure of Mount Qomolangma National Nature Reserve.

The announcement came after a report went viral online claiming the base camp of the world's highest mountain was “permanently closed due to heavy pollution” and caused a universal misunderstanding.

Mount Qomolangma National Nature Reserve was set up in 1988. Covering an area of more than 33, 800 square km, it is home to one of the world's most weak ecosystems(生态系统).

Kelsang, deputy director of the reserves administration, said ordinary tourists are allowed to visit areas around Rongpo Monastery, almost 5,000 meters above sea level. As for travelers who have a climbing permit, they can go to the base camp at an altitude of 5,200 meters. The mountaineering activities have been permitted by the regional forestry department.

To conserve the environment surrounding Mount Qomolangma, China carried out three major clean-ups at an altitude of 5, 200 meters and above last spring, collecting eight tonnes of household wastes, human wastes and mountaineering trash. This year, the clean-up will continue, and the remains of mountaineering victims(受害者) above 8,000 meters will be centrally dealt   with for the first time. Meanwhile, the number of people who stay at the base camp will be kept under 300.

Recently, there are 85 wildlife protectors in the reserve, and 1,000 herders have part-time jobs going around and cleaning up garbage.

These measures aim to strike a balance between various demands such as environmental protection, local poverty relief, mountaineering and education, said Wang Shen, county chief of Dingri at the mountain foot.

【小题1】Which of the following can replace the underlined words “went viral” in Paragraph 2 ?
A.Spread wild.B.Block out.C.Gave away.D.Shoot up.
【小题2】What can we learn according to Kelsang’s words about the National Nature Reserve?
A.Most tourists are allowed to visit the base camp.
B.Permit is a must for visitors going to the base camp.
C.The mountaineering activities are not allowed these days.
D.The areas above 5,200 meters are open to everyone.
【小题3】Why did the government carry out clean-ups at an altitude of 5, 200 meters and above?
A.To provide a much easier path for mountaineers.
B.To keep mountaineering activities going smooth.
C.To remove the remains of mountaineering victims.
D.To protect the environment of Mount Qomolangma.
【小题4】How many people are involved in the cleaning up activities at present?
A.300B.1000C.85D.1085
The Alice Ferguson Foundation is a non-profit group that works to improve the environment by building relationships between people and nature. The foundation is based in the state of Maryland. It was created more than 50 years ago. It teaches people ways to protect the environment.

At the end of the year, it designs events to help children celebrate Christmas without increasing the amount of waste they create. Hanna Seligmann works for the foundation. “So let’s figure out what is in our bag of trash.” She shows adults and children how to reduce waste during the holiday gift-giving season. “You can sort it as a cardboard item or you can sort it as a plastic item.” “We encourage using things that are already in your house like newspaper, old magazines, using a gift within a gift.” Urging people to recycle is important in the Washington, D.C., area, because Potomac River, one of the most famous rivers in the country lies there.

“Over time we realized that really just doing trash cleanups was the symptom of the problem, not getting to the root cause. And so it was just a little over a decade ago that we started the initiative (倡议) itself.” says Seligman.

The Trash Free Potomac Watershed Initiative is an effort by the Alice Ferguson Foundation to support clean agricultural methods. It includes educational programs teaching children about the kinds of pollution that can enter the watershed.

One activity is called the Trash Timeline Game. It teaches children that the things they throw away do not decompose, at the same rate. For example, paper dissolves in about four weeks. An apple core may take two months to rot. A metal can take up to 100 years.

【小题1】The Alice Ferguson Foundation ________.
A.devotes itself to keeping citizens engaged in going green
B.deals with relationship between people
C.teaches people how to form groups
D.concerns itself about children’s holidays
【小题2】At the end of the year, the Alice Ferguson Foundation is busy ________.
A.buying plastic items
B.celebrating Christmas
C.figuring out how much waste was produced
D.educating people to reduce less waste while enjoying Christmas
【小题3】How to get to the root cause of environmental protection, according to Seligman?
A.Environmental education.B.Doing trash cleanups.
C.Saving water.D.Celebrating holidays less.
【小题4】What does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean?
A.Give off.B.Break down.C.Come out.D.Pack up.

Many Beijing residents go to great lengths to avoid breathing the city's smoggy air, especially when it reaches critical pollution levels, but one local entrepreneur decided that canning(灌装) and selling this poor quality air as a souvenir would be a great idea. Believe it or not, he was right.

After seeing a number of companies achieve commercial success by canning fresh air from countries like France, Canada or Australia and selling it in China, Dominic Johnson-Hill, a British-born citizen of Beijing and owner of the Plastered 8 souvenir shop, decided to turn the idea on its head and sell canned Beijing air throughout China and abroad.

"I'd seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and Australia, so I thought it was time to push business the other way," the entrepreneur said. "They' re perfect gifts! What else are you going to take home when you go home from Beijing? A roast duck? A Plastered T-shirt? These cans are light, portable, you can just imagine someone' s face when they unwrap (打开) it for Christmas."

The few mouth-fulls of Beijing air come in standard tin cans featuring a couple of iconic city landmarks as well as a bitter description of the contents: "a unique mix of nitrogen, oxygen and some other stuff". The ironic (讽刺的) souvenirs cost 28 RMB (US $4) and are available at the Plastered 8 shop, as well as on its online shop. But if you're actually considering buying some, you'd better ask shop in advance, as they are virtually flying off the shelves. Johnson-Hill said that his shop is selling hundreds of Beijing air cans every day.

Personally, the well-sold can probably is an awakening for the public to be concerned about the living conditions. Yet one thing that’ s not particularly clear is whether the air is really collected from Beijing, as the cans are labeled as "Made in Shenzhen". There's a big chance that' s just a kind of Plastered 8 humor, as they also list "Choking Hazard" and "May have unidentified objects inside." as warnings.

Anyway, it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment.

【小题1】What contributes to Dominic’s idea of canning and selling the poor quality air?
A.Try to get used to it.B.Sell it all over the world.
C.Can it as a souvenir.D.Try to push business the other way.
【小题2】How may one feel when receiving canned Beijing air for Christmas?
A.Satisfied.B.Surprised.
C.Frightened.D.Refreshed.
【小题3】Which of the following can replace the underlined word "stuff" in Paragraph 4?
A.liquidsB.objects
C.mineralsD.risks
【小题4】What can we infer from the passage?
A.There are unidentified objects in the canned Beijing air.
B.The Plastered 8 souvenir shop is famous for its humour.
C.People should make efforts to protect the environment.
D.Dominic Johnson-Hill likes the poor quality air in Beijing.

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