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When the UNESCO World Heritage Committee(WHC) met from July 16 to 31, 2021, they were tasked with addressing threats to some of the world's most treasured sites of priceless natural and cultural heritage. Among the issues the committee must face is the growing threat that dams cause to some of the world's most treasured World Heritage Sites.

A recent study found that over 500 dams under construction or planned worldwide would be built in protected areas. while dams threaten at least 80 World Heritage Sites. This number is only expected to grow as dam developers, faced with a reduction in the number of dam sites available, pursue increasingly reckless(不计后果的) projects such as the Batang Toru Dam, which experts say could lead to the extinction of the newly discovered Tapanuli orangutan(红毛猩猩).

The increasing impact of dams on World Heritage Sites has caused a global outcry, most recently in the case of the Selous Game Reserve, a World Heritage Site recognized as a biodiversity hotspot and one of the largest protected areas for African wildlife. The Tanzanian government's decision to construct the Julius Nyerere Dam in the Selous led to an angry proposal from UNESCO to remove it from the list altogether.

Meanwhile, history is in danger of repeating itself in Laos, where the planned Luang Prabang dam threatens the historic city it's named for. Luang Prabang, the old royal capital was listed as a World Heritage Site in 1995. Despite this World Heritage status, the Mekong River, which flows through and is an important part of Luang Prabang's history. culture, and way of life. is under threat. The Laos' government is planning to build a dam, 25 kilometers upstream from Luang Prabang. Given the proposed dam's size and locntion, the dam will have major environmental impacts on the river system and surrounding area.

【小题1】Which was an unavoidable topic at the meeting of WHC in 2021?
A.The number of dams under construction or planned worldwide.
B.The growing threat that dams cause to World Heritage Sites.
C.The extinction of the endangered animals in the whole world
D.The measures that some major countries' governments took.
【小题2】What can we know about Batang Toru dam?
A.It is a project in Tanzania.B.It blocks Mekong River.
C.It could threaten a historic city.D.It could endanger a species.
【小题3】What's UNESCO's attitude towards the construction of Julius Nyerere Dam?
A.UnfavourableB.Curious.C.Interested.D.Thankful.
【小题4】From which is the text probably taken?
A.A novel.B.A newspaper.C.A guidebook.D.A health magazine.
22-23高一上·湖北十堰·期末
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At schools across the United States, students often sit down to school lunches made from foods that are high in fat and sugar. But kids at Public School (P.S.) 216 have a different dining experience.Head teacher Donna Neglia reports that her students “love eating fresh fruits and vegetables”.

P.S.216 takes part in the Edible Schoolyard Project, a program started by Alice Waters in 1995. It helps public schools across the country start on­site gardens. Students grow and care for crops, harvesting (收获) the fruits and vegetables for school meals.

In a recent interview, Waters advised schools to “connect with the farmers in their area, and change their buying practices” when planning meals for students. “Instead of having a hot dog or a pizza that comes from a fast­food restaurant,” she said, “schools should buy a real hot dog that is organic (有机的), and they should buy a pizza from somebody who cares about where that foods come from.”

The students and teachers at P.S.216 work together to keep a garden and farm in the middle of New York City. “Students are happily involved in all of the most important tasks,” said teacher Cecilia Galarraga, “including watering, planting, harvesting, etc.”

Through the Edible Schoolyard Project, students also learn about the advantages of healthy eating in the classroom.Neglia said that P.S.216 is teaching kids about “careers in the food industry—such as farming, food safety, and the restaurant business”.

Similar classes are taking place around the country. So far, the Edible Schoolyard Project has reached more than 1 million students in more than 360 schools.

“I’m thinking about the future of the planet,” Waters said. “I’m doing this for the young generation.”

【小题1】What’s Waters’ main purpose of starting the Edible Schoolyard Project?
A.To introduce nearby farmers to schools.
B.To teach students about gardening skills.
C.To prepare students for their future careers.
D.To encourage healthy eating among students.
【小题2】What do students think of taking part in gardening and farming activities?
A.Tiring.B.Relaxing.
C.Enjoyable.D.Unnecessary.
【小题3】What can we learn about the Edible Schoolyard Project?
A.It entered P.S.216 in 1995.
B.It was started in New York City.
C.It was created by Donna Neglia.
D.It has been run in several hundred schools.
【小题4】What is the purpose of this text?
A.To introduce.B.To praise.
C.To advise.D.To discuss.

What do extreme marathoners, mountain hikers and professional bicycle racers all have in common? They push their bodies to unsustainable (不可持续的) extremes of physical stress.

We tend to think there’s no limit to human physical achievements. But a new study, published in Science Advances, says there is a definite limit to human endurance (耐力). Beyond that, our bodies begin to break down.

To find the limit, a US research team tracked marathon runners over a five-month period, measuring competitors’ initial basal metabolic rates (BMR, 基础新陈代谢率) – the amount of energy they expend when they rest. Then they looked at how many calories(卡路里) each runner burned per day.

The team found that the maximum amount of energy a human can expend is 2.5 times of BMR. It equals 4,000 calories of energy per day. These calories can help a trained athlete to run about 42 kilometers in a day.

But people can’t keep using this amount of calories all the time. “You can do really intense stuff for a couple of days, but if you want to last longer then you have to dial it back,” US evolutionary anthropologist Herman Pontzer told the BBC.

Pontzer explained that the problem is our guts (消化道). “There’s … a limit to how many calories our guts can effectively absorb per day,” he said in the Daily Mail. At that point, the body is burning calories more quickly than it can absorb food and convert (转化) it into energy.

These new findings could help athletes to best work underneath this ceiling. For example, they could manage their daily exercise time based on their BMR, to get enough calories and keep going.

However, Pontzer’s team can’t rule out the possibility of someone breaking this limit. “So I guess it’s a challenge to elite endurance athletes,” said Pontzer. “Science works when you’re proven wrong. Maybe someone will break through that ceiling some day and show us what we’re missing.”

【小题1】What did the US research team find in the new study?
A.One’s endurance can be improved through exercise.
B.A trained athlete can do intense activities for more than a week.
C.The average BMR for athletes is 4,000 calories of energy per day.
D.The energy one can expend is no more than 2.5 times of their BMR per day.
【小题2】What is the main purpose of Paragraph 6?
A.To tell us the problem with our guts.
B.To show how our bodies produce energy.
C.To explain why there is a limit to human endurance.
D.To prove the importance of our guts to physical activities.
【小题3】The new findings could help athletes ______.
A.keep a more balanced diet
B.save time and reduce stress
C.arrange their training properly
D.improve their performance quickly
【小题4】Which of the following would Pontzer probably agree with?
A.It’s possible that someone could break the endurance limit.
B.It’s no good trying to work above the 2.5x endurance ceiling.
C.Further data is needed to make the study’s results more accurate.
D.The 2.5x endurance ceiling is not a problem for many elite athletes.

For a single woman, yards are a strange thing. You don’t know whether to buy a lawn mower(割草机)or hire someone to mow it. I did the latter, over many years.

There was one exception. In my early 30s,I lived in a cottage near my father, who had a tractor. He lived around the corner on an old country lane, now fully developed. But at the time, it was with sweet relief, having just returned from city life, that I drove his borrowed tractor down the lane in the late afternoon, mowed my land, and then drove it back in the evening light, gazing(注视)up at the stars as they came out.

Soon the routine became impossible with traffic in the developing area. I needed someone to do my yard work.

Vardman was a devoted young boy. He sang at the top of his lungs as he mowed. His work was a joy. But Vardman grew up. After his graduation from high school, which I attended, and his leaving for college, I was without.

So here I was with two African men who brought not only knowledge but a deep love of working the land. There was a peace about the work they did. The perfection was noticeable everywhere, with every border in place, the unnecessary brush cleared out. The rhythm in their work, the rhythm of their work—it was poetry to watch.

Later I moved to North Carolina. I found myself in another small house with a beautiful but wasted yard. A strange mountain man gave me a wonderful price and began what has become an exercise in grace, gratitude and being simple.

Over the few years I have lived here, he has slowly, patiently, lovingly turned a long-neglected place into a quiet beauty. Quiet, modest, sincere, he uses only natural products on the lawn and flower beds. After the growing season ends, he collects his final paycheck and disappears into the mountains. A quiet man is teaching me patience and how it brings beauty back.

【小题1】What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A.The development of traffic in the city.
B.The tiredness of mowing down the lanes.
C.The poor living areas in the countryside.
D.The joy of returning home after mowing.
【小题2】How did the writer find Vardman?
A.He devoted himself to the job.
B.He was glad to be a mower forever.
C.He wasted the working time by singing.
D.He earned money for his college education.
【小题3】Why did the writer mention the poetry in the fifth paragraph?
A.To prove the good job of African mowers,
B.To show her love for African poems,
C.To praise the mowers through writing poems.
D.To describe the images of mowers in poems.
【小题4】What did the quiet man teach the writer?
A.Gratitude is a reward for kindness.
B.Money is endless for people to earn.
C.Simple life is worth more paycheck.
D.Beauty comes from working patiently.

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