Repair or replace? This is a difficult choice for people when appliances (家用电器) that they own, like TVs and refrigerators, break down. Too often, the only option, or at least the cheaper one, is to replace an appliance rather than get it repaired.

But now in the UK, people don’t have to do this. Manufacturers (制造商) are now legally required to make spare parts that people can buy to repair their products.

The right to repair rules are designed to deal with “built-in obsolescence” where manufacturers build appliances to break down after a certain period on purpose to encourage people to buy new ones.

These new rules should bring an end to the frustration (沮丧) of having to throw away a product because a small part is no longer working and no longer supplied. Rather than having to buy a whole new product, replacement parts must now be sold directly by the manufacturer for 10 years, whether or not they are still selling the complete product.

Some companies said the rules could make appliances more expensive. John Elliott, chairman of Ebac, said, “The rules will influence companies who have been in a race to the bottom on prices for many white goods, but it will not make much difference to my business. We don’t look to make the cheapest washing machine. We look for one that’s going to do the job and last a long time.”

The company has been manufacturing washing machines for about fifty years. “Our focus is always on quality — not just a low price,” Mr Elliott said. “The secret of a product that’s easy to repair and long-lasting is the design.”     

Rob Johnson, operations director at repair business Pacifica, said that his company was now hoping to enlarge its team of engineers because of new rules. The company already has 400 skilful engineers going into homes to fix about 6,000 appliances per week.

He said the rules “give customers real choice” about whether to repair or replace their product.

【小题1】What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Fixing broken appliances.	B．Buying cheaper appliances.
C．Replacing broken appliances.	D．Finding spare parts of appliances.

【小题2】What must manufacturers do under the new rules?

A．Sell certain products for at least ten years.

B．Make sure their products last for ten years.

C．Sell spare parts of their products for ten years.

D．Have their products serviced for over ten years.

【小题3】How will John Elliott’s business be influenced by the new rules?

A．It will stick with its original focus.	B．It will lose business to its competitors.
C．It will sell its products at higher prices.	D．It will make its products easier to repair.

【小题4】What does Rob Johnson’s company plan to do?

A．Take on more engineers.	B．Start a new repair business.
C．Give customers lessons on repairing.	D．Train its engineers to be more skilful.