When you don’t have a car and need to get around, are you more likely to call for an Uber or Lyft, or a cab? Last Friday, Lyft—the ride-sharing company, went public as its stocks (股票) started trading on the market. Lyft has become the first big initial public offering of the “gig economy” age. While the company is not making profits yet, it is changing the meaning of work. What is gig economy and what makes it so appealing?
Gig works are independent contracts or part-time jobs such as Uber. In the gig economy, companies hire independent contractors instead of full-time employees. This is different from traditional companies where full-time workers hold a lifetime career. In the past, only small companies hired contractors, while today, employers like Amazon and Google rely on temporary workforce. These companies save costs as they are not legally required to provide healthcare benefits, retirement savings or paid time off to gig workers.
Gig work appeals to different people for different reasons. For some, it affords flexible timings and for others who are looking for full-time jobs, it provides a source of income to support themselves. Some people work a full-time job and supplement (补充) their salary with gig jobs such as driving for Uber or Lyft.
Joining the gig economy may be simple, but maintaining a steady career is easier said than done. Gig work comes with unsteady pay and workloads. You’re your own boss. It sounds fun, but when you have no self-control and an unsteady job, you might splurge all your money the first week and live on bread pieces for the rest of the month! Besides a strong sense of responsibility, gig workers have to stay up to date to get companies to hire them.
Despite the challenges gig workers face, nearly 60 million Americans are part of this workforce. As this number grows, we have to see how society and companies adapt to this new world of work!
【小题1】What can be learned about Lyft from the passage?A.It has built up a large fortune. |
B.It employs a fixed number of full-time workers. |
C.It appeals to people as a means of public transport. |
D.It marks the arrival of gig economy age. |
A.People seeking for a steady income. | B.People in need of flexible working hours. |
C.Those desperate to get paid vacations. | D.Those concerned about retirement accounts. |
A.Spend money freely. | B.Save money automatically. |
C.Earn money quickly. | D.Assign money casually. |
A.Gig workers have to face some potential challenges. |
B.Gig workers have to possess some much-needed qualities. |
C.The appearance of gig companies will solve the job problems. |
D.People should adjust to new work trends with the rise of gig companies. |
Do You Have Enough Time?
Experiences are more likely than material goods to deliver happiness. But the fear of choosing to pursue the wrong experience, and therefore wasting valuable time, is something many of us feel deeply.
There's something funny to this-we have more free time now, but for a number of reasons, it doesn't feel that way.
In his book Spending Time, Daniel Hamermesh explains that while our lifetimes have gotten a bit longer-13% since 1960-our spending power has increased by 198%. “It makes it difficult to stuff all the things that we want and can now afford into our limited available time to purchase and to enjoy them over our lifetimes,” he writes.
Next, there's our cell-phone addiction. American adults spend around 3. 5 hours on their devices each day, trying to keep up with the emails, social media updates and 24/7 news. And much of our time is “contaminated time”-when we’re doing one thing but thinking about something else. It makes us think we're being productive, but really it just makes us feel more worn out.
Add to this the ever expanding options in today's experience economy. Think of all the pop-ups, plays, workshops and escape rooms you could go to tonight. No wonder many of us suffer from what psychologists call “time famine”. No wonder we're seeing books about attaining more of our time and letting go of cell phones, like Jenny Odell’s How to Do Nothing.
There've been calls to control the attention economy, but the factors that make us feel time-poor aren't going away anytime soon. Tech companies, for instance, may have built apps to tell you how much time you spend on your device, but their business models rely on your continued use.
As for me, I have characterized experiences as "rubbish food" or "superfood”. Rubbish? Spending too much time indoors on Facebook or TV, alone. Superfood? Getting offline and outside and doing things for or with others and staying active.
These experiences require that we actually take time off-not easy in a culture attaching so much importance to productivity. But researchers say sometimes it's about changing our thoughts of leisure activities. Harvard's Anat Keinan has found a helpful way: we're more likely to go camping if we acknowledge it will be good for our productivity at work. Similarly, we often choose uncollectable experiences that give us a story to tell, as we like to feel we're accomplishing something. Keinan has also argued that while we often feel good about ourselves by choosing work over leisure, in the long term we're likely to regret this, feeling we've missed out on “the pleasures of life.
Time is our least renewable resource. It's good for us to consider if we're using it wisely.
【小题1】Which of the following statements can best explain “contaminated time" in paragraph 4?A.Checking emails frequently. |
B.Scanning Twitter while watching TV. |
C.Looking up new words in the homework. |
D.Keeping up with the social-media updates. |
A.Our lifetimes have become longer than decades ago. |
B.We're too addicted to our mobile phones. |
C.Our spending power has sharply increased. |
D.There are an increasing number of things for us to experience. |
A.uselessness | B.value |
C.management | D.shortage |
A.cut down the eating of rubbish food and enjoy superfood more |
B.experience something relaxing if it adds to our work performance |
C.make wise use of time by choosing work over leisure activities |
D.use a time-management app to know how we spend our time |
The novel coronavirus(新冠病毒)has seen many of us glued to the news during the past few months, adapting our lives to deal with the changes the pandemic has brought about. As a student, I’m well aware of the importance of taking responsibility for one’s personal health, especially in consideration of the current pandemic. But I believe that it is also important for government level agencies to look for ways to better safeguard the health of the public.
Ensuring food safety is undoubtedly a top priority and therefore, the local government in Shanghai should improve the safety and quality of food at all stages of the food chain.
Launch public awareness campaigns
Allow paid parental leave for fathers
Paid maternity leave(产假)is often framed as an issue that only matters to female employees.
A.It is also important for fathers because the responsibility for parenting cannot be confined to one gender alone. |
B.Food can become easily polluted with biological, chemical or physical hazards at any point in the making and shipping process. |
C.Reduce food pollution |
D.Strengthen food safety regulation |
E.Due to this, I’d like to offer some of my ideas for promoting public health. |
F.The general public in Shanghai right now still lacks basic medical knowledge. |
G.It is not only father’s responsibility to take care of the baby, but also the mother’s. |
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