A study published in the journal Frontiers in Psychology took a closer look at music in sports, specifically how listening to music could affect one’s overall performance.
Researchers asked 150 volunteers to throw a ball into a basket. For the first stage of the study, participants threw the ball from a fixed point. They threw the ball while listening to music of their choice, while not listening to music, or while listening to music that the researchers selected. For the second state they were able to choose where to stand when throwing the ball and performed the same activity with the various music choices.
The study found that listening to music, whether it was music of the volunteer's choice or a song chosen for them, did not make the participants more or less likely to get the ball in the basket. It had no effect, What it did do was increase self-esteem and make the study participants more likely to take risks, especially for males who were allowed to choose their own music.
The results suggest that music many pump you up. And it may even help you workout harder and longer than you would without it. But no matter what song you listen to, it's not going to help you get that ball into the basket.
Another study look a detailed look at how music pace might affect exercise. Researchers found that listening to high-pace music makes people feel like they're working less while also benefiting their bodies more.
Listening to high-pace music while exercising resulted in the highest heart rate compared with not listening to music. This means that the exercise seemed like less effort, but it was more beneficial in terms of enhancing physical fitness.
The study found that the beneficial effects of high-pace music were greatest for people who were walking or running and were felt the least for those who were doing high-intensity exercises such as weightlifting.
【小题1】What were volunteers allowed to do while shooting in the second stage test?| A．Choose position and music. | B．Shoot from a fixed point. |
| C．Shoot with fixed music. | D．Shoot with no music. |
| A．Music given by experts. | B．Music males chose. | C．Peaceful music. | D．Loud music. |
| A．It has no effect on sports. | B．It improves your athletic skills. |
| C．It helps easily achieve better workout. | D．High-pace music is beneficial for all forms of exercise. |
| A．Reducing. | B．Balancing. | C．Changing. | D．Strengthening. |
Yes, that's parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the obstacles in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is considered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop.
Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, but its participants see parkour much more than that.
Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy(哲理) behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, and jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back from them in your life, to reach the destination successfully. A parkour lover said, "I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life, my way to do everything."
Another philosophy we've learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world. It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself that you earn energy and confidence.
【小题1】Which of the following is TRUE of parkour?
| A．It is a team sport. |
| B．It is a good but boring sport. |
| C．It needs special training. |
| D．It challenges human abilities. |
| A．they can ask for help | B．they should run to extremes |
| C．they may choose to escape | D．they must learn to survive |
| A．Determination and freedom. | B．Excitement and popularity. |
| C．Dreams and success. | D．Sports and extremes. |
| A．What parkour is and what it can bring us. |
| B．What parkour is and where can do it. |
| C．Why we do parkour and what we get from it. |
| D．When we can do parkour and how we do it well. |
Including a healthy diet and exercise in one’s busy schedule isn’t that easy. Yet Martina Laird, 31, managed to do so.
I’ve always loved power walking. I was in theatre in Stratford a few years ago and used to walk along a disused railway line. The sights are beautiful and it was so relaxing a type of walking meditation (沉思) with headphones on. I find gyms terrible and boring. I can’t see the point in getting a personal trainer. I don’t like the idea of having someone beside me while I exercise.
I don’t own a car, which means I walk everywhere. It really keeps me fit. I’d love to get a mountain bike. Bristol, where we film, has so many hills that cycling back from work each day would be an amazing exercise on its own.
I love fine food, but I don’t eat red meat or dairy products (奶制品). Cutting out bread has also made an amazing difference to my health. I have so much more energy. I always stick to healthy food and make my own juices for breakfast. When it’s freezing cold, I make my soups and take them to work. But I’m not perfect. I have my days of reaching for the biscuits. I also like to eat candies in the evening. They have left a bad influence on my teeth. I really want to stop and I’m giving it a try.
I’m really happy with my health and I’m about 75% happy with myself. But like any woman, I still a little admire that other 25%. As a woman in this profession, you can’t help comparing yourself to your workmates. There’s some pressure to be thin on TV, but I’m a role model and I don’t want to put out the message to young viewers that being underweight is healthy. You can only make the most of what you’ve got.
【小题1】What exercise does Martina dream of?| A．Power walking. | B．Riding bicycles. |
| C．Training in the gym. | D．Climbing mountains. |
| A．Red meat. | B．Dairy products. | C．Candies. | D．Juices. |
| A．She is an athlete. | B．She is an actress. |
| C．She is a personal trainer. | D．She is a fashion designer. |
| A．An advertisement. | B．A health instruction. |
| C．A self-introduction. | D．An interview report. |
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